Language Functional Connectivity Alterations During Resting State in Brain Arteriovenous Malformation Patients.

Objectives: Unruptured brain arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) typically do not cause aphasia, even when the traditional language areas are affected by the nidus. We attempted to elucidate its language reorganization mechanism by analyzing the alterations in functional connectivity using functional connectivity (FC) and track-weighted static functional connectivity (TW-sFC) approaches.

Methods: This cross-sectional study prospectively enrolled patients with AVMs involving left-hemisphere language areas and healthy controls.

The efficacy and safety of remimazolam for the management of emergence agitation: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.

Introduction: Emergence agitation (EA) is a common postoperative complication characterized by confusion, disorientation, and restless behavior that can lead to self-harm, the removal of medical devices, and other adverse events. This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was designed to assess the efficacy and safety of a novel benzodiazepine, remimazolam, in the management of EA.

Methods: A total of 219 adults experienced EA (Riker Sedation-Agitation Scale SAS score ≥5) after otolaryngological surgery were randomly assigned (1:1:1 ratio) to receive one of the following three treatments: 2.

Systematic analysis and mechanistic investigation of cardiac adverse events associated with antibody-drug conjugates using FAERS database.

Background: Antibody-drug conjugate (ADC), combining monoclonal antibodies with cytotoxic payloads through covalent linkers, is leading a new era of targeted cancer therapy. Despite its therapeutic success, cardiotoxicity has been a recognized concern in early approved ADCs such as trastuzumab, yet the cardiac safety profiles and mechanisms of recently approved ADCs remain poorly characterized. Assessing the nature of their cardiac events using the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database is vital for risk assessment in surgical oncology.

Enzymatic Synthesis and in vitro Digestion Characteristics of Human Milk Fat Substitutes 1,3-Dilinoleoyl-2-palmitoylglycerol.

1,3-dilinoleoyl-2-palmitoylglycerol (LPL) is an important structural lipid in breast milk fat, which plays an important role in the health of infants, and therefore the development of an efficient method for the preparation of such compounds is necessary. In the present study, LPL was efficiently catalytically synthesized by immobilized lipase ANL-MARE as a biocatalyst using tripalmitate and linoleic acid in a solvent-free system, and its digestive properties were investigated. The optimal process conditions for the enzymatic acidolysis of LPL were optimized by response surface test: the molar ratio of PPP:LA was 1:10, the enzyme addition was 13.

Effects of Leaf Peptide on Hypoglycemic Activity In Vitro and Postprandial Glycemic Response in Beagle Dogs.

leaf (MOL) and their extracts have been demonstrated to possess hypoglycemic effects in a variety of species, but they are still unknown in dogs. This study examined the effects of leaf peptide (MOLP) on α-amylase and α-glucosidase activities. Furthermore, we assessed the impact of MOLP on the estimated glycemic index (eGI) of snacks in vitro and the postprandial glycemic response in dogs.

Effects of supplementation with krill oil on blood parameters, hair quality, and fecal microbiota in male beagle dogs.

Krill oil (KO) is a bioactive substance with antioxidant and immunomodulatory functions. This study investigated the impact of administering snacks supplemented with 0.5% KO for 8 weeks on the blood parameters, hair quality, and fecal microbiota in dogs.

Neuronavigation-assisted stereotactic minimally invasive puncture with tenecteplase for the treatment of acute spontaneous deep intracerebral haemorrhage (NAS-TNK): rationale and design of a multicentre randomised trial.

Introduction: Minimally invasive puncture surgery followed by thrombolysis has been proven to be an effective approach for managing hypertensive intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH). Nevertheless, its impact on improving neurological outcomes remains controversial. The integration of neuronavigation-assisted stereotactic (NAS) technology will significantly help enhance the accuracy of catheter placement, while tenecteplase (TNK), a third-generation thrombolytic agent, offers stronger capabilities in breaking down platelet-rich clots and demonstrates increased fibrin selectivity, which could enhance the overall effectiveness of thrombolytic treatment.

Effect of Jiawei Huangqi Guizhi decoction on the expression of gastrin content and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/ protein kinase B/mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 2 signalling pathways in rats with chronic atrophic gastritis.

Objective: To investigate the effects of Jiawei Huangqi Guizhi decoction on chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) in rats and its modulation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B/ mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 2 (PI3K/Akt/ mTORC2) signaling pathway.

Methods: CAG was induced in rats and treated with high-, medium-, or low-dose Jiawei Huangqi Guizhi decoction. Gastric histopathology was observed by hematoxylin and eosin staining.

Ecological similarity governs non-native fish establishment while human pressure and native diversity shape invasion richness.

Biological invasions by non-native fish species pose a major threat to global freshwater ecosystems. However, our understanding of why invaders establish in some communities but not others (i.e.

Impact of Citrus Pectin on Gut Microbiota Metabolism Dysbiosis Induced by Transient Alternating High-Fat Diet.

Pectin, as an important component of dietary fiber, plays a crucial regulatory role in maintaining the homeostasis of gut microbiota. The transient alternate high-fat diet (TAHD) is a dietary pattern that alternates between 3 days of a low-fat diet (LFD) and 3 days of a high-fat diet, aiming to simulate daily dietary habits. In this study, we investigated the temporal dynamics of gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in response to citrus pectin (CP, 3% (w/w)) supplementation under TAHD.

Citrus Exosome-like Nanoparticles Reversed High-Fat Diet-Induced Microbiota Dysbiosis and Associated Short-Chain Fatty Acid Production.

Plant-derived exosome-like nanoparticles possess multifaceted therapeutic properties, such as attenuating inflammation, counteracting oxidative damage, and suppressing neoplastic growth. Nevertheless, their modulatory effects on the ecological dynamics of gut microbiota require further elucidation. In this research, citrus exosome-like nanoparticles (CELNs) were successfully isolated and purified, and their structure, composition, and properties were comprehensively characterized.

One-stage hybrid operation for hypervascular central nervous system tumors: a single-center experience of 31 cases.

Background: Surgical resection for hypervascular central nervous system tumors poses a significant challenge for neurosurgeons. Controversy remains about the effect and safety of the traditional therapeutic mode, which combines preoperative embolization and delayed tumor resection, remain controversial. Whether a one-stage hybrid operation modality offers a novel approach to address treatment challenges in a safer and more effective way remains unknown.

Influence of Obstacles on the Vented Hydrogen Deflagration in an Explosion Tube.

The experiments and simulations of vented hydrogen-air mixture explosions in the tube are investigated with the influence of the obstacle. The internal pressure curves of different hydrogen concentrations are analyzed in the presence of an obstacle. The internal overpressure has two obvious overpressure peaks without an obstacle.

Targeted Inhibition of cGAS/STING signaling induced by aberrant R-Loops in the nucleus pulposus to alleviate cellular senescence and intervertebral disc degeneration.

Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is a significant contributor to chronic low back pain and disability worldwide, yet effective treatment options remain limited. Through integrative analysis of single-cell RNA-seq data from intervertebral discs (IVDs), we have firstly uncovered that the aberrant accumulation of R-Loops-a type of triple-stranded nucleic acid structure-can result in the cytoplasmic accumulation of double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) and activate cGAS/STING signaling and induce cellular senescence in nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) during IVDD. Restoring the R-Loop state significantly mitigated both the activation of the cGAS/STING pathway and NPC senescence.

Hypoxic Neural Stem Cells Enhance Spinal Cord Repair Through HIF-1a/RAB17-Driven Extracellular Vesicle Release.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a severe and complex condition that can lead to significant physical impairments and affect the life quality of patients. Neural stem cells (NSCs) transplantation holds as a promising therapeutic approach for SCI. However, the challenging post-SCI microenvironment limits NSCs effectiveness.

Sleep indicators and staging: A functional near-infrared spectroscopy study in healthy young adults.

Functional near-infrared spectroscopy(fNIRS)-based sleep staging has attracted considerable interest due to its portability and limited interference with sleep. However, few studies have systematically examined sleep indicators or formulated sleep staging models based on fNIRS features labelled by polysomnography(PSG). This study aimed to address these shortcomings and promote the application of fNIRS in sleep monitoring.

S-decorated MoC as efficient catalyst for Li-O battery system.

Lithium-oxygen (Li-O) batteries are considered an important candidate for the next generation of energy storage systems due to their ultra-high theoretical energy density (11 586 mA h g), but their slow kinetic reactions, high overpotential and cyclic instability seriously limit their practical applications. In this study, sulfur modified MoC (S@MoC) cathode materials were prepared by hydrothermal synthesis by sulfur (S) doping to optimize the electronic structure and catalytic activity of MoC (MoC). Experiments show that S@MoC exhibits significantly improved electrochemical performance compared to commercial MoC: its specific capacity is up to 3955 mA h g (commercial material only 508 mA h g), the charge and discharge overpotential is reduced to 0.

Advances in Camellia oleifera seed meal Saponins: Extraction, analysis, bioactivity, and application.

Tea seed meal, which is a by-product of oil extraction from Camellia oleifera Abel, is rich in bioactive compounds such as tea saponins. Tea saponins exhibit notable surface activity and various biological properties, including antioxidant, antibacterial, and antitumor effects, with potential applications in various fields. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the extraction, purification, analysis, and mechanisms of bioactivity of tea saponins, as well as explore their potential applications in food, pharmaceuticals, daily chemicals, and environmental management.

Fully non-fused electron acceptor solar cells with 18% efficiency via a synergistic peripheral substituent strategy.

Toward commercialization of organic solar cells (OSCs), photoactive materials that enable high efficiency yet possess low cost should be developed. Fully non-fused ring electron acceptors (FNEAs) that extend the conjugated skeleton with carbon-carbon (C-C) single bonds solely have lower synthetic costs than their fused-ring counterparts. However, the power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of FNEAs are lagging due to low acceptor crystallinity and difficulty in the formation of fibrillary bi-continuous interpenetrating network morphology.

A refined lion optimizer for deep learning.

Optimization algorithms play a fundamental role in training neural networks. The optimizer focuses on the updating weights of momentum and velocity on learning rates and losses, furthermore the complexity of the optimizer and the quantity of updated parameters are considered. The Lion optimizer, proposed by Google, is an excellent optimizer known for its faster training speed and more efficient memory usage.

Advances in drug-coated balloons for the treatment of coronary artery de novo large-vessel lesions.

The incidence and mortality of coronary heart disease are increasing annually, and the disease is now one of the leading causes of death in China. Percutaneous coronary intervention has become the preferred approach for treating coronary artery disease. The use of a drug-coated balloon is a new treatment strategy for coronary artery disease that has been shown to be safe and effective in intravascular restenosis, bifurcation disease, and small-vessel disease, and this approach has been extended to other indications, such as large-vessel coronary artery disease.

Visualizing the bibliometrics of research trends and hotspots on grazing effects on global grassland vegetation.

The effect of grazing on degraded grassland ecosystems is one of the key issues under study. This study analyzed the literature indexed in the Web of Science (WoS) and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases using co-occurrence network visualization (countries, institutions, and authors) and hotspot analysis to assess the current research landscape and hotspot trends in global studies on grazing effects on grassland vegetation. The following findings were revealed: (1) The number of publications had increased over the years, indicating sustained international interest in the field of grazing-affected grassland vegetation, with a not yet close but increasingly frequent global collaboration.

Morphology-Engineered NiMo Alloy on Nickel Foam for Enhanced Hydrogen Evolution Reaction Performance.

A nanoflower-like nickel-molybdenum alloy was synthesized by hydrothermal in situ growth of NiMoO nanorod arrays on nickel foam (NF) followed by gas-phase re-reduction at 600 °C. The resulting structure has a uniform porosity and high specific surface area, which improves the availability of active sites and facilitates efficient electron and mass transport. SEM and XPS analyses confirm that the formed NiMoO nanorods are uniformly distributed, which leads to significant optimization of their electronic structure.

Systematic review of hypoglycemic polysaccharides: sources, preparation, and identification techniques, evaluation models, structure-activity relationships, and mechanistic insights.

The rising prevalence of diabetes presents a considerable challenge to global public health security. Although hypoglycemic drugs have clear effects, they can cause serious complications, such as liver and kidney dysfunction and hypoglycemia. Natural active polysaccharides are active substances that relieve diabetes and have no toxic or side effects, thus attracting substantial interest.