Structural and deleterious burdens and their effects on yield traits in foxtail millet domestication.

Crop domestication typically accumulates structural and deleterious variants through genetic bottlenecks and selection hitchhiking. However, the structural and deleterious variant burden has not been investigated in the foxtail millet (). Integrating comparative genomics, pangenomics, population genetics, and quantitative genetics, we identified 6,713 gene gains and 2,802 losses during domestication, affecting flowering time and developmental processes.

Diagnosis and Treatment of Bipolar Disorder Mixed State with Integration of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine: Expert Consensus of Zhejiang Province in China.

Background: As a mixed state of depressive and manic syndrome, the concept of bipolar disorder has remained unclear to date. Treatment of mixed states is difficult due to clinical recognition and poor therapeutic ideas. Based on expert consensus, it is important to establish a new definition of bipolar disorder, understand the concept of its mixed state within the field of clinical psychiatry, and explore its diagnosis and treatment using Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western medicine.

Mango pangenome reveals dramatic impacts of reference bias on population genomic analyses.

Most genomic studies start by mapping sequencing data to a reference genome. The quality of reference genome assembly, genetic relatedness to the studied population, and the mapping method employed directly impact variant calling accuracy and subsequent genomic analyses, introducing reference bias and resulting in erroneous conclusions. However, the impacts of reference bias have gained limited attention.

Impact of aging and body mass index on upper extremity motor unit number index and size.

The focus of this study was to evaluate motor unit number and size across the upper extremity in older adults (aged 60+ years) versus young healthy adults (aged 20-30 years). We hypothesized that older adults would have: fewer motor units and increased motor unit size as compared to young healthy adults (H1), that motor unit size would differ across the upper extremity muscles as compared to young healthy adults (H2), and higher body mass index (BMI) would be associated with lower motor unit numbers (H3). Compound muscle action potential (CMAP), motor unit number index (MUNIX), and motor unit size index (MUSIX) were evaluated in five muscles of the upper extremity.

The bone marrow immune ecosystem shapes daratumumab acquired resistance in plasma cell myeloma.

Daratumumab, an anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody, is an effective therapy for plasma cell myeloma (PCM). However, many initial responders relapse. We compared paired samples from subjects pre-therapy and then acquired resistance to daratumumab.

The cytonuclear interactions during grapevine domestication.

DNAs from the cytoplasmic genomes often communicate with the nuclear genome during regulation, development, and evolution. However, the dynamics of cytonuclear interaction during crop domestication have still been rarely investigated. Here, we examine cytonuclear interactions during grapevine domestication using pan-mitogenome, pan-plastome, and haplotype-resolved nuclear genomes, all assembled from long-read sequences across 33 wild and domesticated grapevine accessions.

Nano-omics and nanomedicine target microbial carcinogenesis: Tumor microenvironment reprograming to clinical translation.

Microbial infections are implicated in a significant fraction of human cancers, with specific bacterial, viral, and parasitic pathogens known to drive oncogenesis via chronic inflammation, genotoxic metabolites, and immune evasion. This review clarifies the major microbial players (e.g.

Deep learning empowers genomic selection of pest-resistant grapevine.

Crop pests significantly reduce crop yield and threaten global food security. Conventional pest control relies heavily on insecticides, leading to pesticide resistance and ecological concerns. However, crops and their wild relatives exhibit varied levels of pest resistance, suggesting the potential for breeding pest-resistant varieties.

Inhibition of ERO1A by TCF21 curbs aerobic glycolysis and enhances immune recognition in lung adenocarcinoma.

Background: Among the many malignancies, lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is a top global health and life risk. The focus of this research is to explore how the TCF21/ERO1A pathway influences the immune escape mechanisms triggered by aerobic glycolysis in LUAD.

Methods: After downloading mRNA expression data from TCGA-LUAD and conducting differential expression analysis, we identified our target mRNA based on literature review.

Auxiliary classifier adversarial networks with maximum subdomain discrepancy for EEG-based emotion recognition.

Domain adaptation (DA) is considered to be effective solutions for unsupervised emotion recognition cross-session and cross-subject tasks based on electroencephalogram (EEG). However, the cross-domain shifts caused by individual differences and sessions differences seriously limit the generalization ability of existing models. Moreover, existing models often overlook the discrepancies among task-specific subdomains.

Three-dimensional automated segmentation of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis on computed tomography driven by deep learning: A retrospective study.

Accurate vertebrae segmentation is crucial for modern surgical technologies, and deep learning networks provide valuable tools for this task. This study explores the application of advanced deep learning-based methods for segmenting vertebrae in computed tomography (CT) images of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) patients. In this study, we collected a dataset of 31 samples from AIS patients, covering a wide range of spinal regions from cervical to lumbar vertebrae.

Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome caused by fish gallbladder poisoning: A case report of delayed etiological diagnosis.

Rationale: Fish gallbladder poisoning is an acute poisoning caused by eating fish gallbladders, which can damage the functions of multiple organs such as the heart, liver, and kidneys, and can be fatal in severe cases.

Patient Concerns: A 56-year-old female farmer, believing in a folk remedy, consumed the gallbladder of a black carp (Mylopharyngodon piceus) weighing approximately 4 kg to treat her cough. She subsequently developed abdominal pain and diarrhea for 6 days, followed by 1 day of anuria.

Exploring the Mechanisms of Microenergy Acoustic Pulse Therapy for the Treatment of Female Stress Urinary Incontinence-Part II.

Aims: While previous studies showed that micro-energy acoustic pulse (MAP) therapy restores urethral structure and function in adult stress urinary incontinence (SUI) rats, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to explore the effect of MAP therapy in a rat model of vaginal birth injury-induced SUI at single cell resolution.

Methods: Rat model of SUI was established using vaginal balloon dilation plus ovariectomy combined with β-aminopropionitrile treatment.

Tungsten Adsorption on Goethite: Insights from First-Principles Molecular Dynamics Simulations.

The environmental fate of tungsten (W) has received particular attention due to its increasing utilization and potential health hazards. Adsorption on minerals is considered as a major factor in governing tungsten's mobility and bioavailability. Goethite, a highly stable iron oxide in soils and sediments, is pivotal in determining tungsten's environmental behavior.

Improving impaired intermuscular coordination after stroke through synergy-guided human-machine interaction: a pilot study.

Stroke survivors often experience motor impairments that include abnormal intermuscular coordination, which negatively affects individualized joint control. This lack of individualization is one of the fundamental motor control problems that largely explain voluntary movement impairment after stroke. Over the last decade, the concept of muscle synergy, here defined as a consistent ratio of muscle co-activation across muscles necessary to perform motor tasks, has been effectively applied to characterize intermuscular coordination following stroke.

High-Density Electromyography Biomarkers for Detecting and Monitoring of Spastic Muscles During Passive Stretch.

Spasticity is one of the most common symptoms that stroke patients develop after the incident. It not only leads to impaired motor control and pain but also lowers the quality of life for stroke patients. Botulinum toxin (BoNT) injection has been used as a first-line treatment for spasticity, which helps to reduce muscle tone.

Multiscale Intermuscular Coupling Analysis via Complex Network-Based High-Order O-Information.

Intermuscular coupling analysis (IMC) provides important clues for understanding human muscle motion control and serves as a valuable reference for the rehabilitation assessment of stroke patients. However, the higher-order interactions and microscopic characteristics implied in IMC are not fully understood. This study introduced a multiscale intermuscular coupling analysis framework based on complex networks with O-Information (Information About Organizational Structure).

LUCF-Net: Lightweight U-Shaped Cascade Fusion Network for Medical Image Segmentation.

The performance of modern U-shaped neural networks for medical image segmentation has been significantly enhanced by incorporating Transformer layers. Although Transformer architectures are powerful at extracting global information, its ability to capture local information is limited due to their high complexity. To address this challenge, we proposed a new lightweight U-shaped cascade fusion network (LUCF-Net) for medical image segmentation.

Emergent biotechnology applications in urology: a mini review.

Technological advances have significantly impacted the field of urology, providing innovative solutions for diagnosis, treatment, and management of various urological disorders and diseases. This article highlights four groundbreaking technologies: whole-cell biosensors, optogenetic interventions for neuromodulation, bioengineered urinary bladder, and 3D bioprinting. Each technology plays a crucial role in enhancing patient care and improving clinical outcomes in urology.

Uranyl Speciation in Carbonate-Rich Hydrothermal Solutions: A Molecular Dynamics Study.

In this study, we employed classical molecular dynamics (CMD) and first-principles molecular dynamics (FPMD) simulations to investigate the speciation of uranyl in carbonate-rich hydrothermal solutions. The association constants (log) of uranyl carbonate complexes were derived from the potential of mean forces (PMFs) obtained from CMD simulations, and the acid constants (ps) of uranyl aqua ions were calculated using the FPMD-based vertical energy gap method. The results showed that uranyl ions could form stable mono- and bi-carbonate complexes at elevated temperatures and that uranyl aqua ions strongly hydrolyzed in neutral solutions at temperatures exceeding 473 K.

Complex pancreaticobiliary maljunction diagnosed by endoscopic ultrasound: A case report.

Rationale: This case report aims to enhance understanding of pancreatobiliary maljunction (PBM) and promote more proactive treatment.

Patient Concerns: The patient, a 24-year-old Chinese female, was admitted to the hospital on April 7, 2020, due to "recurrent abdominal pain for over 2 years, with a recent episode accompanied by nausea and vomiting for 1 day." She had a previous history of gallstones.

Does Muscle Pain Induce Alterations in the Pelvic Floor Motor Unit Activity Properties in Interstitial Cystitis/Bladder Pain Syndrome? A High-Density sEMG-Based Study.

Several studies have shown interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS), a chronic condition that poses challenges in both diagnosis and treatment, is associated with painful pelvic floor muscles (PFM) and altered neural drive to these muscles. However, its pathophysiology could also involve other alterations in the electrical activity of PFM motor units (MUs). Studying these alterations could provide novel insights into IC/BPS and help its clinical management.

Antimicrobial peptide Mt 5 inhibits human hepatocellular carcinoma cell HepG2 proliferation.

The Mt 5 peptide is an antimicrobial peptide, its effect on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and its underlying mechanism is not understood. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effects of the Mt 5 peptide in a human HCC cell line, namely HepG2, in vitro. Notably, Mt 5 markedly reduced the growth of HepG2 cells by disrupting the cell membrane while exhibiting minimal toxicity to healthy liver cells.

Study on the coupling coordination characteristics and influencing factors of ecological environmental civilization and resident public health in China-based on a modified coupling coordination model.

As industrial technologies advance, climate change and environmental pollution increasingly pose threats to human health. This study examines the coupling coordination characteristics between ecological environmental civilization (EEC) and resident public health (RPH) to promote both higher public health standards and enhanced societal sustainability. Utilizing panel data from 31 provinces in China spanning from 2010 to 2022, this paper constructs evaluation indices for EEC and RPH.