Systematic profiling reveals betaine as an exercise mimetic for geroprotection.

Exercise has well-established health benefits, yet its molecular underpinnings remain incompletely understood. We conducted an integrated multi-omics analysis to compare the effects of acute vs. long-term exercise in healthy males.

Bacillus amyloliquefaciens LY-1 culture broth enhances the storage properties of fresh litchi through acting on ROS metabolism.

The impacts of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens LY-1 culture broth (BLCB) on the fruit storage properties and reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism of postharvest 'Wuye' litchis were studied. In comparation with control fruit, BLCB-treated litchis showed a lower fruit disease index, a higher rate of commercially acceptable fruit, higher amounts of pericarp pigments (total phenolics, anthocyanin, carotenoid, chlorophyll and flavonoid), higher chromaticity C, a*, b* and L* values but lower hue angle h° of fruit surface. Additionally, BLCB-treated litchis exhibited lower malonaldehyde (MDA) accumulation and superoxide anion radical (O) production rate, higher APX, CAT and SOD activities, higher GSH and AsA amounts, higher reducing power, and higher ability of scavenging DPPH radical.

Bulk transcriptome and single-nucleus RNA sequencing analyses highlight the role of recombination activating 1 in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a prevalent chronic condition with an incompletely understood pathogenesis. In this study, five candidate genes-RAG1, CKAP2, CENPK, TYMS, and BUB1-were identified as being associated with NAFLD progression through integrative bioinformatics analyses. A predictive model incorporating these genes demonstrated strong robustness and diagnostic accuracy.

Mechanically Compatible Sealing of Hydrogel with Coherent Interface.

Long-term operation of hydrogels relies on protective coatings to avoid water swelling or evaporation, but these protections often cause substantial decreases in overall softness and stretchability. Here, a mechanically compatible seal with a coherent interfacial design is developed to encapsulate hydrogels. This seal is made from polybutylene (PIB) and polypropylene-graft-maleic anhydride (PP-g-MAH) blended poly(styrene-isobutylene-styrene) (SIBS).

Shengjiang Xiexin Decoction ameliorates DSS-induced ulcerative colitis via activating Wnt/β-Catenin signaling to enhance epithelium renovation and modulating intestinal flora.

Background: Shengjiang Xiexin Decoction (SJXXD) is a recognized formulation in traditional Chinese medicine that is commonly employed in diarrhea treatment. It has the potential to be a viable alternative for treating ulcerative colitis (UC), but its therapeutic effects and mechanisms remain unclear.

Purpose: This study aims to explore the effects and underlying mechanism of SJXXD in a mouse model of UC induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS).

Optimized circular RNA vaccines for superior cancer immunotherapy.

Circular RNA (circRNA) has gained attention as a promising platform for mRNA vaccines due to its stability, sustained protein expression, and intrinsic immunostimulatory properties. This study aimed to design and optimize a circRNA cancer vaccine platform by screening for efficient internal ribosome entry sites (IRES) and enhancing circRNA translation efficiency for improved cancer immunotherapy. We screened 29 IRES elements to identify the most efficient one for immune cell translation, ultimately discovering the A (EV-A) IRES.

Province-Level Decarbonization Potentials for China's Road Transportation Sector.

Decarbonizing road transportation is an important task in achieving China's climate goals. Illustrating the mitigation potentials of announced policies and identifying additional strategies for various vehicle fleets are fundamental in optimizing future control pathways. Herein, we developed a comprehensive analysis of carbon dioxide (CO) emissions from on-road vehicles as well as their mitigation potentials based on real-world databases and up-to-date policy scenarios.

Assessing traffic emissions during the summer world university games 2023: Insights for multisectoral synergetic decontamination.

Implementing temporary traffic control measures is a common strategy to prevent air pollution and alleviate traffic congestion during mega-events. Accurate assessment of event-time vehicular emissions is useful for local authorities to develop effective policies. However, many previous assessments were based on policy-based scenarios, which often failed to capture the synergistic impact from other sectors (e.

Versatile whey acidic protein four-disulfide core domain proteins: biology and role in diseases.

The Whey acidic protein four-disulfide core (WFDC) protein family consists of proteins with one or more WFDC domains which are ubiquitously expressed throughout the body of human and perform a wide range of functions, including antiprotease, antibacterial, and immunomodulatory functions. Aberrant expression of WFDC proteins is associated with human diseases. However, review on the WFDC protein family is limited and insufficient.

Integrated Benefits of Synergistically Reducing Air Pollutants and Carbon Dioxide in China.

China's advancements in addressing air pollution and reducing CO emissions offer valuable lessons for collaborative strategies to achieve diverse environmental objectives. Previous studies have assessed the mutual benefits of climate policies and air pollution control measures on one another, lacking an integrated assessment of the benefits of synergistic control attributed to refined measures. Here, we comprehensively used coupled emission inventory and response models to evaluate the integrated benefits and synergy degrees of various measures in reducing air pollutants and CO in China during 2013-2021.

Quercetin-loaded melanin nanoparticle mediated konjac glucomannan/polycaprolactone bilayer film with dual-mode synergistic bactericidal activity for food packaging.

It is still difficult for a single antibacterial modality to realize satisfactory management of bacterial breeding in food preservation. To solve this problem, we developed a photothermal-derived dual-mode synergistic bactericidal konjac glucomannan (KGM)/polycaprolactone (PCL) bilayer film incorporated with quercetin-loaded melanin-like nanoparticles (Q@MNPs). The results showed that the mechanical properties (TS: 29.

Unveiling the role of disulfidptosis-related genes in the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

Backgrounds: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) presents as a common liver disease characterized by an indistinct pathogenesis. Disulfidptosis is a recently identified mode of cell death. This study aimed to investigate the potential role of disulfidptosis-related genes (DRGs) in the pathogenesis of NAFLD.

Gingerenone A Attenuates Ulcerative Colitis via Targeting IL-17RA to Inhibit Inflammation and Restore Intestinal Barrier Function.

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a complicated and recurrent intestinal disease. Currently available drugs for UC treatment are scarce, therefore, novel therapeutic drugs for the UC are urgently to be developed. Gingerenone A (GA) is a phenolic compound known for its anti-inflammatory effect, but its effect on UC remains unknown.

Bovine enhancer-regulated circSGCB acts as a ceRNA to regulate skeletal muscle development via enhancing KLF3 expression.

Skeletal muscle growth and development in livestock and poultry play a pivotal role in determining the quality and yield of meat production. However, the mechanisms of myogenesis are remained unclear due to it finely regulated by a complex network of biological macromolecules. In this study, leveraging previous sequencing data, we investigated a differentially expressed circular RNA (circSGCB) present in fetal and adult muscle tissues among various ruminant species, including cattle, goat, and sheep.

Response of organic aerosol in Beijing to emission reductions during the XXIV Olympic Winter Games.

Organic aerosol (OA) serves as a crucial component of fine particulate matter. However, the response of OA to changes in anthropogenic emissions remains unclear due to its complexity. The XXIV Olympic Winter Games (OWG) provided real atmospheric experimental conditions on studying the response of OA to substantial emission reductions in winter.

MicroRNA-148a-3p suppresses the glycolysis and Cell proliferation by targeting transmembrane protein 54 in liver cancer.

Liver cancer is the fourth most lethal cancer, but the treatment options for liver cancer are usually limited. Metabolic reprogramming is a hallmark of malignancy, ensuring activated cell glycolysis and increased macromolecular precursors required for the proliferation and migration of exuberant cancer cells. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been reported to participate in cancer metabolic shifts mainly by directly silencing the expression of specific genes.

Deciphering survival strategies: Oxidative stress and microbial interplay in Eisenia fetida under tetracycline contamination.

Soil contamination resulting from residual antibiotics presents a pressing need to understand the survival mechanisms of soil organisms in polluted environments. This study focused on Eisenia fetida, and tetracycline stress experiments were conducted in a controlled environment using sterile artificial soil. The stress concentration ranged from 0 to 600 mg/kg, and stress cycles lasted either 10 or 30 days.

Single-cell sequencing reveals the reproductive variations between primiparous and multiparous Hu ewes.

Background: In the modern sheep production systems, the reproductive performance of ewes determines the economic profitability of farming. Revealing the genetic mechanisms underlying differences in the litter size is important for the selection and breeding of highly prolific ewes. Hu sheep, a high-quality Chinese sheep breed, is known for its high fecundity and is often used as a model to study prolificacy traits.

Emission Measurements on a Large Sample of Heavy-Duty Diesel Trucks in China by Using Mobile Plume Chasing.

Real-world heavy-duty diesel trucks (HDTs) were found to emit far more excess nitrogen oxides (NO) and black carbon (BC) pollutants than regulation limits. It is essential to systematically evaluate on-road NO and BC emission levels for mitigating HDT emissions. This study launched 2109 plume chasing campaigns for NO and BC emissions of HDTs across several regions in China from 2017 to 2020.

Updating On-Road Vehicle Emissions for China: Spatial Patterns, Temporal Trends, and Mitigation Drivers.

Vehicle emissions in China have been decoupled from rapid motorization owing to comprehensive control strategies. China's increasingly ambitious goals for better air quality are calling for deep emission mitigation, posing a need to develop an up-to-date emission inventory that can reflect the fast-developing policies on vehicle emission control. Herein, large-sample vehicle emission measurements were collected to update the vehicle emission inventory.