The impact of pt-NGS technology on antimicrobial use and outcomes in patients with lower respiratory tract infections: a hospital-based real-world study.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of pathogen-targeted next-generation sequencing (pt-NGS) technology on antimicrobial use and clinical outcomes in hospitalized adults with lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs).

Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, 340 adult LRTI patients were stratified into two groups: a pt-NGS-guided group ( = 140) and a conventional microbiological testing-guided group ( = 200). Outcomes included pathogen detection rates, antimicrobial therapy adjustments, clinical outcomes (mortality, length of stay LOS, ICU admission), and healthcare costs.

Interplatform Agreement Between Liver Steatosis Analysis and Ultrasound-Guided Attenuation Parameter in the Evaluation of Hepatic Steatosis.

Objective: Liver steatosis analysis (LiSA) and the ultrasound-guided attenuation parameter (UGAP) are recently introduced commercially available techniques for the non-invasive evaluation of hepatic steatosis. This study aimed to assess the interplatform agreement between LiSA and UGAP in quantifying hepatic fat content.

Methods: Individuals diagnosed with or suspected of having fatty liver disease were included in the study.

Identification of a novel hypovirulence-inducing ourmia-like mycovirus from causing ginseng () root rot.

Introduction: is a widespread plant pathogen known to damage numerous crops, including causing severe root rot in . In this study, we identified a novel ourmia-like mycovirus in , named " ourmia-like virus 1" (FsoOLV1). We demonstrated that FsoOLV1 confers hypovirulence in its host and three other ginseng root rot pathogens, , , and .

A study on the diagnostic value of artificial intelligence combined with a contrast-enhanced ultrasound scoring system in partially cystic thyroid carcinoma.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the diagnostic value of the contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) scoring system, artificial intelligence (AI) and the American College of Radiology Thyroid Imaging and Reporting Data System when used by sonographers of different seniority levels individually and in combination for the diagnosis of partial cystic thyroid nodules (PCTNs).

Materials And Methods: A retrospective analysis of conventional ultrasound and CEUS images of enrolled patients was performed, and a CEUS scoring system was established. The sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve (AUC) of CEUS and AI individually and in combination for diagnosis were compared among sonographers with different seniority levels.

Synergistic radical generation and electron transfer mechanisms in oxygen-deficient CoO: bridging defect concentration and catalytic efficiency in PMS-based AOPs.

A two-step pyrolysis procedure was carried out to precisely control the oxygen vacancy content in ZIF-67-derived CoO nanocubes. Higher concentrations of oxygen vacancies can significantly enhance the electron transfer ability of the material, thereby promoting the generation of ROS and enhancing the degradation of tetracycline (TC).

Short-chain chlorinated paraffins at environmentally relevant doses disrupt glucose homeostasis and insulin signaling by macrophage-mediated inflammation.

Short-chain chlorinated paraffins (SCCPs) are ubiquitously distributed in environmental matrices and have been detected in diverse human biospecimens. While high-dose SCCP exposure can induce liver, kidney, and thyroid toxicity, the health risks of SCCPs at environmentally relevant doses remain poorly characterized. This study systematically investigated the impacts of SCCPs at environmentally relevant doses on glucose homeostasis and insulin signaling and explored the underlying mechanisms.

Ultra-Low Hysteresis Under Large Deformation Enabled by Fast Chains Relaxation in Highly Competitive Dynamic Hydrogen Bond Networks.

High-quality capture of diverse motion signals in flexible sensors requires soft sensing materials to perform signal conversion and transmission stably and without delay over extended periods. However, low hysteresis achieved through purely elastic mechanisms easily exhibits poor crack propagation resistance. By leveraging the significant gap between the strain rate during large-strain service conditions and the crack propagation rate in the fracture process, this study presents a facile strategy for constructing a highly competitive dynamic hydrogen bonding system to produce near-zero-hysteresis and highly crack-resistant D-gels.

Construction and validation of a predictive model for lymph node metastasis in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma.

Objective: To study the occurrence of lymph node metastasis in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and construct a predictive model to assess its predictive performance.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the data of 432 patients with PTC. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) was used to select the features, and multiple logistic regression was used to analyze the predictive factors.

A real-world study based on the FAERS database evaluating adverse drug reactions in three amphotericin B lipid formulations.

Background: Amphotericin B (AmB) remains the cornerstone in the treatment of severe fungal infections. However, selecting an appropriate lipid-based formulation for different clinical scenarios remains a challenge for clinicians and clinical pharmacists.

Methods: Adverse event (AE) reports from the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database (Q1 2004-Q3 2024) were retrospectively analysed to assess the safety profiles of three lipid formulations of AmB: liposomal amphotericin B (L-AmB), amphotericin B lipid complex (ABLC), and amphotericin B colloidal dispersion (ABCD).

Single-cell transcriptomic analysis reveals gut microbiota-immunotherapy synergy through modulating tumor microenvironment.

The gut microbiota crucially regulates the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) based immunotherapy, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear at the single-cell resolution. Using single-cell RNA sequencing and subsequent validations, we investigate gut microbiota-ICI synergy by profiling the tumor microenvironment (TME) and elucidating critical cellular interactions in mouse models. Our findings reveal that intact gut microbiota combined with ICIs may synergistically increase the proportions of CD8, CD4, and γδ T cells, reduce glycolysis metabolism, and reverse exhausted CD8 T cells into memory/effector CD8 T cells, enhancing antitumor response.

Effects of ciprofol on respiratory-related adverse incidence in patients with obesity during painless gastroscopy: a prospective, randomized clinical trial.

Background: Ciprofol is an intravenous anesthetic agent which in low doses produces sedation. It was developed via structural modification of propofol. Ciprofol is claimed to reduce respiratory depression.

Brachyury promotes proliferation and migration of colorectal cancer cells by targeting MMP14.

Background: The incidence and mortality rates of colorectal cancer (CRC) are rising, and it is the second most common cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Although the transcription factor, Brachyury is intricately linked with various clinical malignancies, the mechanisms by which it influences CRC cell proliferation and migration are inadequately understood.

Methods: Tissue microarray was used to evaluate Brachyury expression in CRC and adjacent normal tissues.

Correlation between Liver fat Content Determined by Ultrasonic Attenuation Imaging and Lipid Metabolism in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the utility of ultrasonic attenuation imaging (ATI) in assessing the relationship between hepatic fat content and lipid metabolism in patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).

Methods: 239 patients diagnosed with T2DM were included, with liver fat quantified using proton density fat fraction (PDFF). We analyzed the variance in ATI across various grades of fatty liver and its correlation with clinical parameters.

Efficacy and safety of ciprofol for gastroscopy in patients with obesity: a randomised clinical controlled trial using different weight-based dosing scales.

Background: This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of ciprofol-induced doses based on three indices: total body weight (TBW), ideal body weight (IBW), and lean body weight (LBW) in patients with obesity undergoing gastroscopy.

Methods: In a single-centre, prospective, randomised study conducted at an endoscopy centre, a total of 108 patients aged 18-65 years who underwent painless gastroscopy and had a body mass index (BMI) of 28-39.9 kg/m were included.

Harnessing multi-omics approaches to elucidate the role of Chinese herbal compounds in chemotherapy-induced gastrointestinal damage.

In this editorial, we discuss the findings reported by Wang in the latest issue of the . Various research methodologies, including microbiome analysis, assert that the Tzu-Chi Cancer-Antagonizing and Life-Protecting II Decoction of Chinese herbal compounds mitigates inflammatory responses by inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway. This action helps maintain the dynamic equilibrium of the intestinal microecology and lessens chemotherapy-induced gastrointestinal damage.

Comparison of trabecular bone microarchitecture between older males with and without a running habit: A cross-sectional study.

Objectives: Despite its prevalence among seniors, the impact of running on trabecular bone microarchitecture, especially in weight-bearing sites, remains relatively unexplored. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the impact of habitual running on bone health, specifically bone mineral density (BMD) and trabecular bone microarchitecture, in male older adults.

Methods: Twenty-five male recreational runners aged between 50 and 75 years old were recruited in this study (RUN; average running experience 7.

The application of a clinical-multimodal ultrasound radiomics model for predicting cervical lymph node metastasis of thyroid papillary carcinoma.

Background: PTC (papillary thyroid cancer) is a lymphotropic malignancy associated with cervical lymph node metastasis (CLNM, including central and lateral LNM), which compromises the effect of treatment and prognosis of patients. Accurate preoperative identification will provide valuable reference information for the formulation of diagnostic and treatment strategies. The aim of this study was to develop and validate a clinical-multimodal ultrasound radiomics model for predicting CLNM of PTC.

Response of a tenomodulin-positive subpopulation of human adipose-derived stem cells to decellularized tendon slices.

The selection of appropriate cell sources is vital for the regeneration and repair of tendons using stem cell-based approaches. Human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs) have emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy for tendon injuries. However, the heterogeneity of hADSCs can lead to inconsistent or suboptimal therapeutic outcomes.

Estimating global geographical distribution and ecological niche dynamics of Ammannia coccinea under climate change based on Biomod2.

Invasive alien plants pose a significant threat to biodiversity and the agricultural economy. The invasive weed (Ammannia coccinea) competes with rice in paddy fields, potentially threatening rice production. Despite the crucial need to estimate the global geographical distribution and ecological niche dynamics of A.

PPARβ/δ agonist GW0742 mitigates acute liver damage induced by acetaminophen overdose in mice.

Liver damage caused by acetaminophen (APAP) overdose remains a worldwide medical problem. New therapeutic medicines for APAP poisoning are needed as the efficacy of the only antidote, N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC), significantly decreases if administered after 8 h of APAP intake and massive APAP overdose remains to induce hepatotoxicity despite the timely administration of NAC. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor β/δ (PPARβ/δ) possesses versatile roles including regulation of lipid homeostasis and anti-inflammation in the liver.

Insight of immune checkpoint inhibitor related myocarditis.

As the understanding of immune-related mechanisms in the development and progression of cancer advances, immunotherapies, notably Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors (ICIs), have become integral in comprehensive cancer treatment strategies. ICIs reactivate T-cell cytotoxicity against tumors by blocking immune suppressive signals on T cells, such as Programmed Death-1 (PD-1) and Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte Antigen-4 (CTLA-4). Despite their beneficial effects, ICIs are associated with immune-related adverse events (irAEs), manifesting as autoimmune side effects across various organ systems.

Radiomics Combined with ACR TI-RADS for Thyroid Nodules: Diagnostic Performance, Unnecessary Biopsy Rate, and Nomogram Construction.

Rationale And Objectives: To develop a radiomics model with enhanced diagnostic performance, reduced unnecessary fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNA) rate, and improved clinical net benefit for thyroid nodules.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of 217 thyroid nodules. Lesions were divided into training (n = 152) and verification (n = 65) cohorts.