Composite nano-in-micro drug delivery system for treatment of glaucoma: design strategies and research advances.

Glaucoma is a serious eye disease characterized by damage to the optic nerve, potentially leading to severe vision loss or even blindness. Lowering IOP is a crucial strategy in managing the disease. Although trabeculectomy is considered the gold standard in conventional treatment for preventing vision loss, surgical interventions often face challenges such as poor prognosis, high failure rates, and complications.

Comparative analysis of phytoplankton community structure and stability in the Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal using eDNA metabarcoding.

Environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding, a non-invasive method for detecting aquatic organisms, has been widely used in phytoplankton diversity assessment. The Arabian Sea (AS) and the Bay of Bengal (BB), the two major ocean basins of the Northern Indian Ocean, exhibit differences in various aspects due to monsoonal influences. However, few eDNA studies have focused on the comparative research on phytoplankton communities in these two regions.

Engineered Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Reverse Endothelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Atherosclerosis.

Endothelial-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) of vascular endothelial cells (VECs) plays a pivotal role in the progression of atherosclerosis (AS). The therapeutic potential of reversing EndMT holds promise for AS treatment. In this study, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs)-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) are engineered as nanostructured drug carriers with two functional modules, targeting module and functional protein module.

Logic-Measurer: A Multienzyme-Assisted Ultrasensitive Circuit for Logical Detection of Exosomal MicroRNAs.

The logic profiling of exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) offers broad potential applications in the accurate diagnosis and staging of cancer. However, the logical detection of low-abundance exosomal miRNAs in complex clinical samples remains challenging. This study introduces a logic analysis system termed "Measurer" (a ulti-nzyme-sisted ltasensitiv cicuit) that offers ultrasensitive and versatile method for detecting multiple exosomal miRNAs.

PLA tissue-engineered scaffolds loaded with sustained-release active substance chitosan nanoparticles: Modeling BSA-bFGF as the active substance.

The utilization of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) in the development of tissue-engineered scaffolds is both challenging and imperative. In our pursuit of creating a scaffold that aligns with the natural healing process, we initially fabricated chitosan-bFGF nanoparticles (CS-bFGF NPs) through electrostatic spraying. Subsequently, polylactic acid (PLA) fiber was prepared using electrospinning technique, and the CS-bFGF NPs were uniformly embedded within the pores of porous PLA fibers.

Targeted next-generation sequencing and long-read HiFi sequencing provide novel insights into clinically significant KLF1 variants.

Background: Krüppel-like factor 1 (KLF1), a crucial erythroid transcription factor, plays a significant role in various erythroid changes and haemolytic diseases. The rare erythrocyte Lutheran inhibitor (In(Lu)) blood group phenotype serves as an effective model for identifying KLF1 hypomorphic and loss-of-function variants. In this study, we aimed to analyse the genetic background of the In(Lu) phenotype in a population-based sample group by high-throughput technologies to find potentially clinically significant KLF1 variants.

Zebrafish Mbd5 binds to RNA m5C and regulates histone deubiquitylation and gene expression in development metabolism and behavior.

Complex biological processes are regulated by both genetic and epigenetic programs. One class of epigenetic modifications is methylation. Evolutionarily conserved methyl-CpG-binding domain (MBD)-containing proteins are known as readers of DNA methylation.

Preparation of gastrodin modified P(VDF-TrFE)-Eudragit L100-AuNPs nanofiber membranes with piezoelectric property.

In recent years, electroactive nerve conduits made from a blend of P(VDF-TrFE) (poly (vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene)) with other materials have shown significant progress. However, research combining P(VDF-TrFE) conduits with drug delivery systems remains sparse. In this study, we developed a novel gastrodin-loaded P(VDF-TrFE)-Eudragit L100-gold nanoparticles (Gas@PT-EL100-AuNPs) nanofiber membrane.

Systematical Evaluation of the Structure-Cardiotoxicity Relationship of 7-Azaindazole-based PI3K Inhibitors Designed by Bioisosteric Approach.

A growing concern of cardiotoxicity induced by PI3K inhibitors has raised the requirements to evaluate the structure-cardiotoxicity relationship (SCR) in the development process of novel inhibitors. Based on three bioisosteric 7-azaindazole-based candidate inhibitors namely FD269, FD268 and FD274 that give same order of inhibitory concentration 50% (IC) magnitude against PI3Ks, in this work, we proposed to systematically evaluate the SCR of 7-azaindazole-based PI3K inhibitors designed by bioisosteric approach. The 24-h lethal concentrations 50% (LC) of FD269, FD268 and FD274 against zebrafish embryos were 0.

Quartet RNA reference materials improve the quality of transcriptomic data through ratio-based profiling.

Certified RNA reference materials are indispensable for assessing the reliability of RNA sequencing to detect intrinsically small biological differences in clinical settings, such as molecular subtyping of diseases. As part of the Quartet Project for quality control and data integration of multi-omics profiling, we established four RNA reference materials derived from immortalized B-lymphoblastoid cell lines from four members of a monozygotic twin family. Additionally, we constructed ratio-based transcriptome-wide reference datasets between two samples, providing cross-platform and cross-laboratory 'ground truth'.

Application of modern computer technology in classical genetics lab course--Development of a mobile, lightweight and high-precision batch identification system for genetic traits of .

is a crucial biological experimental teaching material extensively utilized in experimental teaching. In this experimental teaching, each student typically needs to manually identify hundreds of fruit flies and record multiple of each fly. This task involves substantial workload, and the classification standards can be inconsistent.

The assessment value of pathological condition of serum adiponectin and amylin in primary osteoporosis and its correlation analysis with bone metabolism indexes.

Background: This paper explores the assessment value of pathological condition of serum adiponectin (APN) and amylin in primary osteoporosis (POP) and their correlation with bone metabolism indexes.

Methods: From January 2019 to June 2021, 79 cases of POP patients were selected as the research objects. A test of the patients' bone density was conducted, and clinical grading of POP was via T value (normal, mild, moderate, severe).

Non-invasive brain stimulation for limb motor function and daily living activity improvement in acute stroke: A meta-analysis.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) in improving limb motor dysfunction and daily living activity during at the phase of acute stroke.

Materials And Methods: Randomized controlled trials about the effect of NIBS on hemiparesis in acute stroke were retrieved from databases of China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), China Science and Technology Journal Database (VIP), Wanfang Data, CBM, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science from inception until January 3rd 2022. The quality of the trials was assessed, and the data were extracted according to the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions.

Novel DNA nanoflower biosensing technologies towards next-generation molecular diagnostics.

DNA nanoflowers (DNFs) are topological flower-like nanostructures based on ultralong-strand DNA and inorganic metal-ion frameworks. Because of their programmability, biocompatibility, and controllable assembly size for specific responses to molecular recognition stimuli, DNFs are powerful biosensing tools for detecting biomolecules. Here, we review the current state of DNF-based biosensing strategies for in vivo and in vitro detection, with a view of how the field has evolved towards molecular diagnostics.

Autism-Risk Gene Regulates Psychomotor and Social Behavior as a Neuronal Modulator of mGluR1 Signaling.

Background: deletion of the () locus is associated with idiopathic autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). The function of in the brain remains largely elusive.

Methods: We investigated the morphological and behavioral profiles of both knock-out and overexpression zebrafish models.

A Course-Based Undergraduate Research Experience Improves Outcomes in Mentored Research.

Infusing undergraduate curricula with authentic research training is an important contemporary challenge. Such exposure typically occurs through mentored research (MR) or course-based undergraduate research experiences (CUREs). In Asian contexts, CURE implementation is rare, while MR is often a graduation requirement.

Screening models combining maternal characteristics and multiple markers for the early prediction of preeclampsia in pregnancy: a nested case-control study.

To identify maternal laboratory markers to predict the risk of preeclampsia (PE) in different stages of pregnancy, we analysed 67, 25, and 73, pregnancies developing PE at 11-13, 16-20, and 24-28 wks, respectively. Routine laboratory markers were measured in whole blood or serum and binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify predictive models. At 11-13 wks of gestation, patients who went on to develop PE showed significantly higher concentrations of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, α-L-fucosidase, 5'-nucleotidase, glutamyl transpeptidase, cholinesterase, and uric acid; plateletcrit was also higher.

Knowledge Discovery-Based Analysis of Health Factors of Urinary Infections in Elderly Cardiology Inpatients.

A set of semantic similarity calculation methods combining full-text text and domain knowledge topics is proposed for the current study of entity association relations such as disease-gene in medical texts combined with topics in knowledge discovery, which is insufficient to reveal the deep semantic association relations of medical domain knowledge at topic level. Taking urinary infections in elderly inpatients as the research subject, word embedding representation of word vectors and topic vectors is performed by the TWE model, and similarity calculation is performed by combining text and domain knowledge topics based on Siamese Network framework. The urinary microbiological culture results of both groups were dominated by , accounting for 34.

An optimized procedure for detection of genetically modified DNA in refined vegetable oils.

In this study, the amplifiable DNA from refined vegetable oils was isolated by using commercial DNA extraction kits based on the CTAB method in combination with nucleic acid enrichment, and then the presence of genetically modified (GM) soybean and maize DNA in the oils was traced by PCR. The results showed that the duration and intensity of heating had no significant effect on the DNA stability and concentration in oils for a short period, suggesting that DNA in oils could be stably reserved for a certain time, thus making it possible to trace down refined vegetable oils reliably and effectively. The results provided a set of primers suitable for systematic GM oil detection.

Anti-IgLON5 disease with distinctive brain MRI findings responding to immunotherapy: A case report.

Rationale: Anti-IgLON5 disease was first described as a progressive antibody-associated encephalopathy, with multiple non-specific clinical symptoms including sleep dysfunction, bulbar symptoms, progressive supranuclear palsy-like syndrome, cognitive impairment, and a variety of movement disorders. This newly discovered disease presents with unremarkable or unspecific brain magnetic resonance imagings (MRI), and have poor responsiveness to immunotherapy.

Patient Concerns: In this case, a 37-year-old man presented with 4-day history of gait instability, dysarthria, and oculomotor abnormalities.

Phosphorylation of Msx1 promotes cell proliferation through the Fgf9/18-MAPK signaling pathway during embryonic limb development.

Msh homeobox (Msx) is a subclass of homeobox transcriptional regulators that control cell lineage development, including the early stage of vertebrate limb development, although the underlying mechanisms are not clear. Here, we demonstrate that Msx1 promotes the proliferation of myoblasts and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) by enhancing mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling. Msx1 directly binds to and upregulates the expression of fibroblast growth factor 9 (Fgf9) and Fgf18.

A novel role of FKN/CX3CR1 in promoting osteogenic transformation of VSMCs and atherosclerotic calcification.

Fractalkine (FKN) and its specific receptor CX3CR1 play a critical role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis including recruitment of vascular cells and the development of inflammation. However, its contribution to regulating the development of atherosclerotic calcification has not been well documented. Osteogenic transformation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) is critical in the development of calcification in atherosclerotic lesions.

An amine oxidase gene from mud crab, Scylla paramamosain, regulates the neurotransmitters serotonin and dopamine in vitro.

Amine oxidase, which participates in the metabolic processing of biogenic amines, is widely found in organisms, including higher organisms and various microorganisms. In this study, the full-length cDNA of a novel amine oxidase gene was cloned from the mud crab, Scylla paramamosain, and termed SpAMO. The cDNA sequence was 2,599 bp in length, including an open reading frame of 1,521 bp encoding 506 amino acids.