Borneol's Pre-Clinical Analgesic Efficacy: Mediated by Receptor and Immune Mechanisms.

Chronic pain affects over 10% of the global population, yet current analgesics face limitations such as addiction and systemic toxicity. Borneol, a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) with over a millennium history, has emerged as a promising alternative due to its multi-target mechanisms. This review synthesizes preclinical evidence demonstrating borneol's dual analgesic pathways: (1) receptor-mediated actions (eg, TRPM8 activation, GABA agonism) and (2) immune modulation (eg, NF-κB suppression, ROS inhibition).

ACACA depletion activates the cPLA2-arachidonic acid-NF-κB axis to drive inflammatory reprogramming in androgen receptor-independent prostate cancer.

Background: Acetyl-CoA carboxylase alpha (ACACA) is a key enzyme in fatty acid biosynthesis and a proposed therapeutic target in prostate cancer. However, its role in androgen receptor-independent prostate cancer (ARIPC), an aggressive and treatment-resistant subtype, remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effects of ACACA depletion on ARIPC, with a focus on inflammation and metastasis.

Nucleotides enriched under heat stress recruit beneficial rhizomicrobes to protect plants from heat and root-rot stresses.

Background: Plants thrive under biotic and abiotic stresses with the help of rhizomicrobiota. Root exudates play a pivotal role in recruiting beneficial microbes that assist plants in surviving environmental challenges, but the mechanisms of plant-microbiome interactions to resist multiple stresses remain elusive. We investigated how heat stress alters the rhizomicrobiomes of Panax notoginseng and how these heat stress-regulated microbes confer enhanced heat tolerance and disease resistance.

Root-secreted saponins weaken soil disease suppression ability by shaping rhizosphere microbial communities in Panax notoginseng.

Root rot disease, driven by the soil-dwelling pathogen Fusarium oxysporum, poses a significant challenge due to its rapid re-establishment in the rhizosphere. Plant root exudates, particularly saponins, selectively influence microbial communities, complicating the sustainable control of this pathogen. This study explored how saponins secreted by Panax notoginseng roots affect the proliferation of F.

Long Noncoding RNA Interleukin 6 Antisense RNA 1 Promotes Inflammatory Effects in Lung Macrophages via Exosomes Through the S100A9/TLR4 Pathway in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Progression.

This study investigates the role of interleukin 6 antisense RNA 1 (), a highly expressed long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). An adeno-associated virus (AAV) was used to induce the expression of in mice, and they were exposed to cigarette smoke to establish a COPD model. -overexpressing mice exposed to cigarette smoke demonstrated exacerbated COPD-like pathologies.

Regulating mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and MAPK signaling: wedelolactone as a novel therapeutic for radiation-induced thrombocytopenia.

Introduction: Radiation-induced thrombocytopenia (RIT) is a serious complication of cancer radiotherapy, for which therapeutic options are limited. This study investigates wedelolactone (WED), a metabolite of a botanical drug, as a potential treatment for RIT.

Methods: experiments were conducted using Meg-01 and K562 cell lines to evaluate the effects of WED on megakaryocyte differentiation and maturation.

Targeting CCR5 with miltefosine as a therapeutic strategy for thrombocytopenia.

Thrombocytopenia remains a challenging clinical condition with limited treatment options. Here, we demonstrated that miltefosine stimulated megakaryocyte (MK) differentiation . Miltefosine significantly accelerated platelet recovery, enhanced platelet function, and boosted MK production and differentiation in irradiated mice.

A semi-supervised weighted SPCA- and convolution KAN-based model for drug response prediction.

Motivation: Predicting the response of cell lines to characteristic drugs based on multi-omics gene information has become the core problem of precision oncology. At present, drug response prediction using multi-omics gene data faces the following three main challenges: first, how to design a gene probe feature extraction model with biological interpretation and high performance; second, how to develop multi-omics weighting modules for reasonably fusing genetic data of different lengths and noise conditions; third, how to construct deep learning models that can handle small sample sizes while minimizing the risk of possible overfitting.

Results: We propose an innovative drug response prediction model (NMDP).

Depletion of Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase 1 Facilitates Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Prostate Cancer Cells by Activating the MAPK/ERK Pathway.

Hyperactivation of fatty acid biosynthesis holds promise as a targeted therapeutic strategy in prostate cancer (PCa). However, inhibiting these enzymes could potentially promote metastatic progression in various other cancers. Herein, we found that depletion of acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 (encoded by ACACA), the enzyme responsible for the first and rate-limiting step of de novo fatty acid biosynthesis, facilitated epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and migration of PCa cells.

A novel therapeutic strategy for leukopenia: Miltefosine activates the Ras/MEK/ERK pathway to promote neutrophil differentiation.

Leukopenia, marked by diminished white blood cell (WBC) counts, presents significant challenges in the management of hematological malignancies and immunocompromised patients. This study evaluated the therapeutic potential of miltefosine (MFS), a phospholipid analogue, for treating leukopenia. In vitro studies using HL60 and NB4 cells revealed that MFS effectively promoted neutrophil differentiation and function, evidenced by the upregulation of surface markers CD11b, CD11c, CD14, and CD15, as well as enhanced bactericidal activity assessed through the NBT reduction assay.

Effect of wild-type vaccine doses on BA.5 hybrid immunity, disease severity, and XBB reinfection risk.

Vaccination against the wild-type (WT) severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus did not produce detectable levels of neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) against the BA.5 strain before it emerged. However, coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) severity varied highly between unvaccinated, partially vaccinated, and fully vaccinated individuals, for unknown reasons.

Light stress elicits soilborne disease suppression mediated by root-secreted flavonoids in .

Developing disease-suppressive soils is an effective approach for managing soilborne diseases, which can be achieved through crop metabolism and root secretion modification to recruit beneficial soil microbiota. Many factors, such as light, can elicit and modify plant metabolomic activities, resulting in disease suppression. To investigate the impact of light, was planted in a greenhouse and forest, conditioned with three levels of light intensities, including the optimal (15% light transmittance of full light), suboptimal low (5% light transmittance of full light) and suboptimal high (30% light transmittance of full light) intensities.

Diverse BCR usage and T cell activation induced by different COVID-19 sequential vaccinations.

Unlabelled: Limited knowledge is available on the differences in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) specific antibody breadth and T cell differentiation among different COVID-19 sequential vaccination strategies. In this study, we compared the immunogenicity of the third different dose of COVID-19 vaccines, such as mRNA (I-I-M), adenoviral vector (I-I-A), and recombinant protein (I-I-R) vaccines, in terms of the magnitude and breadth of antibody response and differentiation of SARS-CoV-2-specific T and B cells. These studies were performed in the same clinical trial, and the samples were assessed in the same laboratory.

The influence of CLEC5A on early macrophage-mediated inflammation in COPD progression.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a complex syndrome with poorly understood mechanisms driving its early progression (GOLD stages 1-2). Elucidating the genetic factors that influence early-stage COPD, particularly those related to airway inflammation and remodeling, is crucial. This study analyzed lung tissue sequencing data from patients with early-stage COPD (GSE47460) and smoke-exposed mice.

Initial COVID-19 severity influenced by SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells imprints T-cell memory and inversely affects reinfection.

The immunoprotective components control COVID-19 disease severity, as well as long-term adaptive immunity maintenance and subsequent reinfection risk discrepancies across initial COVID-19 severity, remain unclarified. Here, we longitudinally analyzed SARS-CoV-2-specific immune effectors during the acute infection and convalescent phases of 165 patients with COVID-19 categorized by severity. We found that early and robust SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4 and CD8 T cell responses ameliorate disease progression and shortened hospital stay, while delayed and attenuated virus-specific CD8 T cell responses are prominent severe COVID-19 features.

Diallyl Trisulfide Acts as a Soil Disinfestation Against the through Inducing the Burst of Reactive Oxygen Species.

Soil-borne diseases represent an impediment to the sustainable development of agriculture. A soil-borne disease caused by severely impacts species, and soil disinfestation has proven to be an effective management approach. Here, diallyl trisulfide (DATS), derived from garlic, exhibited pronounced inhibitory effects on the growth of tests and contributed to the alleviation of soil-borne diseases in the field.

Blended BA.5 infection within 8 days after a boosted bivalent mRNA vaccination strengthens and lengthens the host immunity.

The impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection shortly after vaccination on vaccine-induced immunity is unknown, which is also one of the concerns for some vaccinees during the pandemic. Here, based on a cohort of individuals who encountered BA.5 infection within 8 days after receiving the fourth dose of a bivalent mRNA vaccine, preceded by three doses of inactivated vaccines, we show that booster mRNA vaccination provided 48% protection efficacy against symptomatic infections.

Virus infection pattern imprinted and diversified the differentiation of T-cell memory in transcription and function.

Introduction: Memory T (Tm) cells are a subpopulation of immune cells with great heterogeneity. Part of this diversity came from T cells that were primed with different viruses. Understanding the differences among different viral-specific Tms will help develop new therapeutic strategies for viral infections.

Effects of allyl isothiocyanate fumigation on medicinal plant root knot disease control, plant survival, and the soil bacterial community.

Background: Allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) is a natural product with high volatility that is used as a biofumigant to alleviate soil-borne plant diseases, and problems such as root knot nematodes (RKNs) that necessitate continuous cropping. However, little research has assessed the effects of AITC fumigation on medicinal plants.

Results: AITC significantly reduced the population of RKNs in soil (p < 0.

Smad3-mediated lncRNA HSALR1 enhances the non-classic signalling pathway of TGF-β1 in human bronchial fibroblasts by binding to HSP90AB1.

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the diseases with high mortality and morbidity with complex pathogenesis. Airway remodeling is an unavoidable pathological characteristic. However, the molecular mechanisms of airway remodeling are incompletely defined.

Exogenous leucine alleviates heat stress and improves saponin synthesis in by improving antioxidant capacity and maintaining metabolic homeostasis.

saponins (PNSs) are used as industrial raw materials to produce many drugs to treat cardio-cerebrovascular diseases. However, it is a heat-sensitive plant, and its large-scale artificial cultivation is impeded by high temperature stress, leading to decreases in productivity and PNSs yield. Here, we examined exogenous foliar leucine to alleviate heat stress and explored the underlying mechanism using metabolomics.

Prediction of drug sensitivity based on multi-omics data using deep learning and similarity network fusion approaches.

With the rapid development of multi-omics technologies and accumulation of large-scale bio-datasets, many studies have conducted a more comprehensive understanding of human diseases and drug sensitivity from multiple biomolecules, such as DNA, RNA, proteins and metabolites. Using single omics data is difficult to systematically and comprehensively analyze the complex disease pathology and drug pharmacology. The molecularly targeted therapy-based approaches face some challenges, such as insufficient target gene labeling ability, and no clear targets for non-specific chemotherapeutic drugs.

PlantNLRatlas: a comprehensive dataset of full- and partial-length NLR resistance genes across 100 chromosome-level plant genomes.

Plants have evolved two layers of protection against biotic stress: PAMP-triggered immunity (PTI) and effector-triggered immunity (ETI). The primary mechanism of ETI involves nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat immune receptors (NLRs). Although NLR genes have been studied in several plant species, a comprehensive database of NLRs across a diverse array of species is still lacking.

Autotoxic Ginsenoside Stress Induces Changes in Root Exudates to Recruit the Beneficial Strain B36 as Revealed by Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Approaches.

Plants can recruit beneficial microbes to help improve their fitness under abiotic or biotic stress. Our previous studies found that could enrich beneficial sp. B36 in the rhizosphere soil under autotoxic ginsenoside stress.

2,3-Butanediol from the leachates of pine needles induces the resistance of to the leaf pathogen .

Compared with the use of monocultures in the field, cultivation of medicinal herbs in forests is an effective strategy to alleviate disease. Chemical interactions between herbs and trees play an important role in disease suppression in forests. We evaluated the ability of leachates from needles of to induce resistance in leaves, identified the components via gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and then deciphered the mechanism of 2,3-Butanediol as the main component in the leachates responsible for resistance induction via RNA sequencing (RNA-seq).