Transferrin receptor 1 is an entry factor for Japanese encephalitis virus.

Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is a zoonotic pathogen that can be transmitted to humans and animals via arthropods, causing viral encephalitis. In this study, we investigated the role of transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1) in JEV infection. We found that knocking down TfR1 expression in A549 and HeLa cells significantly inhibited JEV entry, while overexpression of TfR1 in 293 T cells enhanced viral entry.

Comprehensive Analysis of Ferroptosis Markers in Lupus Nephritis Based on Bioinformatics Analysis and Experimental Validation.

Introduction: Lupus nephritis (LN) is a common and severe complication of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Ferroptosis is a form of iron-dependent cell death induced by lipid peroxidation. However, its specific role in LN remains unclear.

Advanced multi-label brain hemorrhage segmentation using an attention-based residual U-Net model.

Objective: This study aimed to develop and assess an advanced Attention-Based Residual U-Net (ResUNet) model for accurately segmenting different types of brain hemorrhages from CT images. The goal was to overcome the limitations of manual segmentation and current automated methods regarding precision and generalizability.

Materials And Methods: A dataset of 1,347 patient CT scans was collected retrospectively, covering six types of hemorrhages: subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH, 231 cases), subdural hematoma (SDH, 198 cases), epidural hematoma (EDH, 236 cases), cerebral contusion (CC, 230 cases), intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH, 188 cases), and intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH, 264 cases).

Neural Plasticity Induced by Working Memory Training: Insights From Cortical Microstructure and Transcriptional Profiles.

Aims: To investigate the effects of an 8-week standardized computerized working memory training (WMT) program on cortical microstructure, morphometric similarity network (MSN) changes, and associated genetic factors in healthy adults.

Methods: A total of 76 participants were divided into WMT and control groups. Cortical morphological measurements, including cortical thickness (CT) and fractional dimensions (FD), were measured.

Unravelling the genetic and molecular basis of low-frequency rTMS induced changes in functional connectivity density in schizophrenia patients with auditory verbal hallucinations.

Auditory verbal hallucinations (AVH) represent a substantial therapeutic challenge in schizophrenia. Low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has demonstrated potential in reducing AVH, yet the underlying neurobiological mechanisms remain incompletely understood. This study investigated the genetic and molecular processes associated with functional connectivity density (FCD) changes induced by 1 Hz rTMS in schizophrenia patients with AVH.

[Comparison of muscle injury between piriformis muscle release and preservation in total hip arthroplasty via supercapsular percutaneously-assisted total hip approach].

Objective: To compare the effects of piriformis muscle release versus preservation in total hip arthroplasty (THA) via supercapsular percutaneously-assisted total hip (SuperPATH) approach on muscle injury.

Methods: Forty-nine patients undergoing initial THA via SuperPATH approach between June 2022 and June 2023 were randomly divided into two groups, with 24 patients in trial group and 25 patients in control group. The trial group received piriformis muscle release intraoperatively, whereas the control group underwent muscle preservation.

Dexmedetomidine improves septic acute kidney injury by inhibiting inflammation and oxidative stress through the activation of the Pink1/Park2 autophagy pathway.

Impaired autophagy is a key factor in the development of septic acute kidney injury (SAKI). Dexmedetomidine-an α adrenergic agonist widely used as a sedative-exerts protective effects in SAKI. However, its correlation with autophagy remains unclear.

Active-Sites-Integrated Hierarchical Porous Nanofibers for Improved Oxygen Reduction in Fuel Cells.

M-N-C catalysts have emerged as a promising class of non-precious electrocatalysts for accelerating the kinetically sluggish oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Nevertheless, their practical application in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) faces significant challenges due to the complex reaction environment and stringent mass transport requirements, which place stringent demands on the structural design of electrocatalysts. Here, a strategy is proposed to construct a self-supporting membrane of zeolitic imidazolate framework-connected nanofibers, serving as an integrated substrate to cooperatively optimize active sites and mass transfer channels.

Mental Health Concerns in Patients with COVID-19: A Network Analysis.

Purpose: Patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are predisposed to associated mental health problems, including intolerance of uncertainty (IUS), perceived stress (PSS), low sense of control, dysfunctional beliefs and attitudes about sleep (DBAS), insomnia, and impaired feeling of security. However, these mental health concerns have not been studied in a joint framework. This study aimed to investigate the relationships and putative causality among the aforementioned six variables and determine relatively important ones, indicating potential intervention strategies for the associated mental health concerns.

The regulatory role of DELLA protein DkGAI1 in persimmon dwarfism.

Persimmon (Diospyros kaki Thunb.) is an important fruit crop in East Asia with significant commercial potential. However, dwarfing cultivation in persimmon trees is rarely applied due to the lack of excellent dwarfing rootstocks and cultivars.

Impact of working memory training on brain network integration and neurotransmitter systems: a resting-state fMRI.

Working memory training (WMT) has been demonstrated to enhance cognitive performance, yet the underlying neural mechanisms remain insufficiently understood. Brain network connectivity, particularly as measured by the participation coefficient (PC), offers a valuable framework for elucidating these neural changes. This study investigated the effects of WMT on brain network connectivity, utilizing PC as a primary assessment of network integration and segregation.

Enhancing hepatocellular carcinoma diagnosis in non-high-risk patients: a customized ChatGPT model integrating contrast-enhanced ultrasound.

Purpose: This study aims to improve hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) diagnostic accuracy in non-high-risk populations by utilizing GPTs that incorporate integrated risk coefficients, and to explore its feasibility.

Material And Methods: Between August 2016 and June 2019, patients with focal liver lesions (FLLs) in non-high-risk populations, confirmed by histopathology or clinical/imaging evidence, were retrospectively included. A logistic regression model was developed using baseline characteristics and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) features to identify independent HCC risk factors.

Adaptive Dual-Task Deep Learning for Automated Thyroid Cancer Triaging at Screening US.

Purpose To develop an adaptive dual-task deep learning model (ThyNet-S) for detection and classification of thyroid lesions at US screening. Materials and Methods This retrospective study used a multicenter dataset comprising 35 008 thyroid US images of 23 294 individual examinations (mean age, 40.4 years ± 13.

JEV NS1' protein enhances cell-to-cell viral spread by inducing the formation of tunneling nanotubes.

Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), a mosquito-borne virus, can infect various host cells. However, the efficiency with which JEV spreads from cell to cell remains unclear. This study demonstrates that JEV infection can induce the formation of tunneling nanotubes (TNTs), which is mediated by the viral NS1' protein.

The underlying neurobiological basis of gray matter volume alterations in schizophrenia with auditory verbal hallucinations: A meta-analytic investigation.

Schizophrenia patients with auditory verbal hallucinations (AVH) frequently exhibit brain structural alterations, particularly reductions in gray matter volume (GMV).Understanding the neurobiological mechanisms underlying the changes is essential for advancing treatment strategies. To address this, a meta-analysis was conducted to identify GMV changes in schizophrenia patients with AVH and their associations with gene expression and neurotransmitter receptor profiles.

Autonomous robotic ultrasound scanning system: a key to enhancing image analysis reproducibility and observer consistency in ultrasound imaging.

Purpose: This study aims to develop an autonomous robotic ultrasound scanning system (auto-RUSS) pipeline, comparing its reproducibility and observer consistency in image analysis with physicians of varying levels of expertise.

Design/methodology/approach: An auto-RUSS was engineered using a 7-degree-of-freedom robotic arm, with real-time regulation based on force control and ultrasound visual servoing. Two phantoms were employed for the human-machine comparative experiment, involving three groups: auto-RUSS, non-expert (4 junior physicians), and expert (4 senior physicians).

The Japanese encephalitis virus NS1 protein concentrates ER membranes in a cytoskeleton-independent manner to facilitate viral replication.

Orthoflaviviruses remodel the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) network to construct replication organelles (ROs) for RNA replication. In this study, we demonstrate that the Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) NS1 protein concentrates ER membranes in the perinuclear region, which provides a substantial membrane source for viral replication. Subsequently, the virus forms main replication organelles within this membrane-concentrated area to facilitate efficient replication.

Targeting ROR2 homooligomerization disrupts ROR2-dependent signaling and suppresses stem-like cell properties of human breast adenocarcinoma.

Breast cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) are enriched following treatment with chemotherapy, and posited as having a high level of plasticity and enhanced tumor-initiation capacity, which can enable cancer relapse. Here, we show that such features are shared by breast cancer (BCA) cells that express receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor (ROR2), which is expressed primarily during embryogenesis and by various cancers. We find that Wnt5a can induce ROR2 homooligomerization to activate noncanonical Wnt signaling and enhance tumor-initiation capacity of BCA cells.

Bioactive compounds from Bge. leaves: potential health benefits.

The leaves of Bge., a medicinal plant and a source of brewed tea, are often overlooked as a byproduct of fruit consumption. Despite this, these leaves have demonstrated significant cardiovascular protective and lipid-lowering properties.

A Novel Event-triggered Practical Prescribed-Time Control for four Complex coupled Duffing-type MEMS resonators with Prescribed Performance.

This paper explores the dynamic characteristics and a novel event-triggered practical prescribed-time controller for four complex coupled Duffing-type MEMS resonators. Initially, the effects of mechanical coupling stiffness, electrostatic coupling stiffness, and internal system parameters on the system's dynamic behavior are examined. The analysis results provide guidance for selecting system parameters.

Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel TMPRSS2-PROTACs with florosubstituted 4-guanidino-N-phenylbenzamide derivative ligands.

Transmembrane Serine Protease 2 (TMPRSS2) plays a critical role in tumorigenesis and progression, making its degradation a promising therapeutic strategy. In this study, we designed and synthesized TMPRSS2-PROTACs, including VPOT64 and VPOT76, based on camostat. Both compounds exhibited superior inhibitory effects on HT-29 colorectal and Calu-3 lung cancer cells compared to paclitaxel.

Targeting auditory verbal hallucinations in schizophrenia: effective connectivity changes induced by low-frequency rTMS.

Low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has emerged as an effective intervention for alleviating symptoms of psychiatric disorders, particularly schizophrenia characterized by persistent auditory verbal hallucinations (AVH). However, the underlying mechanism of its action remain elusive. This study employed a randomized controlled design to investigate the impact of low-frequency rTMS on the neural connectivity at the stimulate site, specifically left temporoparietal junction (TPJ), in schizophrenia patients with suffering from AVH.

Ultrasomics differentiation of malignant and benign focal liver lesions based on contrast-enhanced ultrasound.

Objectives: To establish a nomogram for differentiating malignant and benign focal liver lesions (FLLs) using ultrasomics features derived from contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS).

Methods: 527 patients were retrospectively enrolled. On the training cohort, ultrasomics features were extracted from CEUS and b-mode ultrasound (BUS).