Single-Cell Sequencing Reveals That CD4 T Cells Eliminate Senescent Prostate Epithelium to Delay Progression of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia.

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is an age-related condition characterized by progressive prostate enlargement driven in part by the accumulation of senescent epithelial cells and their pro-inflammatory secretome. Using human single-cell RNA sequencing and laser capture microdissection, we identified C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 13 (CXCL13) as a key chemokine secreted by senescent prostate epithelial cells. CXCL13 recruits CD4 T cells via the C-X-C Chemokine Receptor Type 5 (CXCR5) receptor, facilitating immune recognition through human leukocyte antigen-DR isotype (HLA-DR) and promoting senescent cell clearance.

TNF Signaling Pathway Is the Key Pathway Regulated by Disitamab Vedotin in Bladder Cancer Cells.

Disitamab Vedotin has shown good therapeutic efficacy against bladder cancer. Although its mechanism is clear, the regulation of gene expression in bladder cancer cells by Disitamab Vedotin is not fully understood. We searched the GEO database and identified the GSE237789 dataset, in which researchers treated the bladder cancer cell line SW780 with Disitamab Vedotin and performed high-throughput transcriptome sequencing.

Comparing the long-term prognosis and renal function changes of partial nephrectomy (PN) and radical nephrectomy (RN) in T1 stage renal cell carcinoma patients.

Background: Radical nephrectomy (RN) and partial nephrectomy (PN) are common surgical treatments for T1 stage renal cell carcinoma (RCC). However, the long-term impact of these surgical approaches on prognosis and renal function remains an area of ongoing investigation. This study compared the effects of these procedures on prognosis and renal function.

Pan-Cancer Analysis Reveals the Potential of PLOD1 as a Prognostic and Immune Biomarker for Human Cancer.

Procollagen-lysine, 2-oxoglutarate 5-dioxygenase 1 (PLOD1) is known as an enhancer of collagen fiber deposition and cross-linking stability. However, there is limited information on its function in tumors. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the function and potential mechanism of action of PLOD1 across cancers.

Mechanistic insights into SIRT7 and EZH2 regulation of cisplatin resistance in bladder cancer cells.

Cisplatin (CDDP) resistance has been established to significantly impact Bladder Cancer (BCa) therapy. On the other hand, the crucial regulatory involvement of SIRT7 and EZH2 in bladder cancer development is well known. Herein, the collaborative regulatory roles and underlying mechanisms of SIRT7 and EZH2 in CDDP resistance in bladder cancer were explored.

Characterization and Genomic Analysis of Affinirhizobium gouqiense sp. nov. Isolated from Seawater of Gouqi Island Located in the East China Sea and Reclassification of Rhizobium lemnae to the Genus Affinirhizobium as Affinirhizobium lemnae comb. nov.

A novel bacterium designated as SSA5.23 was isolated from seawater. Cells of SSA5.

PTBP1-mediated biogenesis of circATIC promotes progression and cisplatin resistance of bladder cancer.

Cisplatin (DDP) based combination chemotherapy is a vital method for the treatment of bladder cancer (BLca). Chemoresistance easily occurs in the course of cisplatin chemotherapy, which is one of the important reasons for the unfavorable prognosis of BLca patients. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are widely recognized for their role in the development and advancement of BLca.

FedCut: A Spectral Analysis Framework for Reliable Detection of Byzantine Colluders.

This paper proposes a general spectral analysis framework that thwarts a security risk in federated Learning caused by groups of malicious Byzantine attackers or colluders, who conspire to upload vicious model updates to severely debase global model performances. The proposed framework delineates the strong consistency and temporal coherence between Byzantine colluders' model updates from a spectral analysis lens, and, formulates the detection of Byzantine misbehaviours as a community detection problem in weighted graphs. The modified normalized graph cut is then utilized to discern attackers from benign participants.

Inhibiting Decreases AR Expression and Inhibits Proliferation in Benign Prostate Epithelial Cells.

(1) Background: CREB-binding protein () is a key transcriptional coactivator of androgen receptors (AR). We conducted this study to investigate the effects of on AR expression and proliferation in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) prostate epithelial cells. (2) Methods: By analyzing a published data set, we found that was closely related to the gene expression of AR in prostate cells.

sp. nov., isolated from sediment of Zhairuo Island located in the East China Sea.

A Gram-negative, rod-shaped and aerobic bacterial strain B3.7, was isolated from the sediment of Zhairuo Island, Zhoushan city, Zhejiang Province, PR China. Maximum growth of strain B3.

Nonlethal Furfural Exposure Causes Genomic Alterations and Adaptability Evolution in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Furfural is a major inhibitor found in lignocellulosic hydrolysate, a promising feedstock for the biofermentation industry. In this study, we aimed to investigate the potential impact of this furan-derived chemical on yeast genome integrity and phenotypic evolution by using genetic screening systems and high-throughput analyses. Our results showed that the rates of aneuploidy, chromosomal rearrangements (including large deletions and duplications), and loss of heterozygosity (LOH) increased by 50-fold, 23-fold, and 4-fold, respectively, when yeast cells were cultured in medium containing a nonlethal dose of furfural (0.

Hyperprogressive disease in non-small cell lung cancer after PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors immunotherapy: underlying killer.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) target the negative regulatory pathway of T cells and effectively reactive the anti-tumor immune function of T cells by blocking the key pathway of the immune escape mechanism of the tumor-PD-1/PD-L1, and fundamentally changing the prospect of immunotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer patients. However, such promising immunotherapy is overshadowed by Hyperprogressive Disease, a response pattern associated with unwanted accelerated tumor growth and characterized by poor prognosis in a fraction of treated patients. This review comprehensively provides an overview of Hyperprogressive Disease in immune checkpoint inhibitor-based immunotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer including its definition, biomarkers, mechanisms, and treatment.

Evaluation of a lung cancer screening programme attracting a cohort to actively participate in screening: Honghe Lung Cancer Medical Center Programme.

Background: A lung cancer screening project was conducted by attracting active participation to evaluate its feasibility and effectiveness in areas with poor basic medical education.

Methods: This project entailed a prospective, single-arm study which was conducted by means of delivering a lecture on lung cancer at the Honghe Lung Cancer Medical Center to attract public attention and attendance from 28 November 2020 to 21 December 2021. A questionnaire comprising 7 high-risk factors was completed by participants to identify high-risk individuals for further chest low-dose computed tomography examination.

The compound AST-003 could effectively promote apoptosis of renal cell carcinoma cells .

Background: The toxicity of Sunitinib limits its clinical application. A new compound AST-003 was designed and synthesized based on the structure of Sunitinib, and previous study has confirmed that AST-003 has the same efficacy and less toxicity as Sunitinib. We conducted this study to further verify the effect of AST-003 on renal cell carcinoma (RCC) cells and its mechanism.

Metal-organic framework-based micropipette is a metal ion responsive nanochannel after adsorbing HS.

Glass micropipettes are easy to fabricate, have excellent flexibility and stable properties. HKUST-1 and MIL-68(In) are in situ grown in the tip of a micropipette to construct porous nanochannels. After absorbing H2S, the MIL-68(In)-based nanochannel shows effective metal ion responsiveness for Hg2+-detection.

Origin, Regulation, and Fitness Effect of Chromosomal Rearrangements in the Yeast .

Chromosomal rearrangements comprise unbalanced structural variations resulting in gain or loss of DNA copy numbers, as well as balanced events including translocation and inversion that are copy number neutral, both of which contribute to phenotypic evolution in organisms. The exquisite genetic assay and gene editing tools available for the model organism facilitate deep exploration of the mechanisms underlying chromosomal rearrangements. We discuss here the pathways and influential factors of chromosomal rearrangements in .

Diagnostic Value of Inflammatory Factors in Pathology of Bladder Cancer Patients.

We conducted this study to evaluate the diagnostic value of Inflammatory Factors (IFs) in the pathology of bladder cancer patients. The patients who were diagnosed with urothelial bladder carcinoma (bladder cancer) and underwent surgical treatment in our center from 2014 to 2019 were enrolled. The values of Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), derived Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio (dNLR), Platelet to Lymphocyte Ratio (PLR), Lymphocyte to Monocyte Ratio (LMR), Systemic Immune-inflammation Index (SII), and Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI) were calculated by blood routine test results before operation.

The diagnostic and prognostic value of nuclear matrix protein 22 in bladder cancer.

Backgrounds: This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic value of urine nuclear matrix protein 22 (NMP22) for bladder cancer.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on 229 patients with bladder cancer who underwent transurethral resection of bladder tumor between 2015 and 2018 in our hospital. The sensitivity of NMP22 was calculated to evaluate the diagnostic value of NMP22.

Genome-wide mapping of spontaneous genetic alterations in diploid yeast cells.

Genomic alterations including single-base mutations, deletions and duplications, translocations, mitotic recombination events, and chromosome aneuploidy generate genetic diversity. We examined the rates of all of these genetic changes in a diploid strain of by whole-genome sequencing of many independent isolates ( = 93) subcloned about 100 times in unstressed growth conditions. The most common alterations were point mutations and small (<100 bp) insertion/deletions ( = 1,337) and mitotic recombination events ( = 1,215).

Diagnostic and Predictive Values of Inflammatory Factors in Pathology and Survival of Patients Undergoing Total Cystectomy.

Background: Inflammation and tumorigenesis are related. We conducted this study to evaluate whether inflammatory factors (IFs) have a diagnostic value for pathology and a predictive value for survival and recurrence in bladder cancer patients undergoing total cystectomy.

Methods: The patients who were diagnosed with bladder cancer and underwent total cystectomy in our center from 2014 to 2020 were enrolled.

Heat shock drives genomic instability and phenotypic variations in yeast.

High temperature causes ubiquitous environmental stress to microorganisms, but studies have not fully explained whether and to what extent heat shock would affect genome stability. Hence, this study explored heat-shock-induced genomic alterations in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Using genetic screening systems and customized single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) microarrays, we found that heat shock (52 °C) for several minutes could heighten mitotic recombination by at least one order of magnitude.

Androgen downregulation of miR-760 promotes prostate cancer cell growth by regulating IL6.

Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common malignancies in Western countries. Studies have shown that androgen contributes to the progression of PCa, but how androgen promotes PCa remains largely unknown. Here, we demonstrated that androgen suppressed the expression of miR-760 depending on the interaction between androgen and androgen receptor (AR).

Direct population of triplet excited states through singlet-triplet transition for visible-light excitable organic afterglow.

Invoking efficient afterglow in metal-free organic molecules represents an important material advancement. However, organic afterglow suffers from low intensity and efficiency and generally needs to be excited by UV light owing to its spin-forbidden phosphorescent nature that essentially requires facile intersystem crossing (ISC). Here, we propose a strategy to bypass the traditional ISC through facilitating singlet-triplet transition to directly populate triplet excited states from the ground state by combining synergetic effects of both heavy/hetero-atom incorporation and aromatic aggregation.