The comparison in postoperative complications and prognosis between pediatric and adult patients with pineal region tumors.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the differences in postoperative complications and prognosis between pediatric and adult patients with pineal region tumors.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on a database comprising patients who underwent excision of pineal region tumors, to exam differences in postoperative complications and prognosis between pediatric and adult populations. The patients were divided into three groups.

[Effects of Different Climatic Conditions on Vegetation-soil Coordination Relationship in Inner Mongolian Grasslands].

Climate change and human activities are key factors in grassland degradation. The trend of grassland degradation has improved with the development of grassland conservation policies and the increase in the awareness of conservation； however, the mechanism of climate change remains unclear. The typical grassland of Inner Mongolia was used as the study area, and 19 typical sample plots were selected from east to west, and eight different climate change regions were divided according to the distribution of temperature and precipitation, which were mean annual rainfall （MAP）： 100-200 mm and mean annual temperature （MAT）： 2-4℃； MAP： 200-300 mm MAT： 0-2, 2-4, and 4-6℃； and MAP： 300-400 mm MAT： 0-2, 2-4, 4-6, and 6-8℃.

Step-wise coupling discrete memristive chaotic map.

With specific nonlinearity, discrete memristors can form excellent chaotic systems through different coupling models. This work proposes a step-wise coupling method for constructing a mapping model. Based on second-order coupling, a novel trigonometric step-wise discrete memristive (TSDM) map is constructed by coupling a sine discrete memristor with a cosine discrete memristor.

Pre-pollination isolation by pollinator specificity: settling moth versus hawkmoth pollination in two sympatric Habenaria species (Orchidaceae).

Background: Habenaria species typically produce green or white flowers, bear nectar spurs, emit crepuscular-nocturnal scents, and are usually pollinated by crepuscular/nocturnal moths. However, the roles of floral traits in pollinator differentiation contributing to reproductive success in sympatric Habenaria species require further definition. In this study, we investigated flowering phenology, floral traits, pollinator behavior, and reproductive success of two co-occurring and co-blooming Habenaria species (H.

Ultraviolet-treated riboflavin alleviates atopic dermatitis by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation and M1 macrophage polarization via histone lactylation.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder requiring improved therapeutic strategies. This study investigates the potential of ultraviolet (UV)-treated riboflavin in AD treatment. Using a MC903-induced mouse model, we demonstrate that topical UV-treated riboflavin significantly attenuates AD progression.

Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma-derived exosomal MicroRNA-31 acts as an oncogene by targeting the tumor suppressor RhoBTB1.

Tumor-derived exosomes that transport MicroRNAs significantly influence cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma(CSCC) progression. However, the molecular mechanisms of exosomal MicroRNA-31 regulation of CSCC are mostly undefined. To determine whether a targeting relationship exists between MicroRNA-31 (miR-31) in CSCC-derived exosomes and the tumor suppressor RhoBTB1, and the regulatory effect of the relationship on tumor cells.

Development of a rapid zebrafish model for lead poisoning research and drugs screening.

Lead (Pb) contamination is a worldwide public health threaten. Besides close restraint of lead exposure, it's emergency to discover compounds that could help to cue toxicities caused by lead. Zebrafish embryos and early larvae can serve as valuable screening tools in early pre-clinical phase of drug screening and research.

UV-stimulated riboflavin exerts immunosuppressive effects in BALB/c mice and human PBMCs.

Riboflavin (RF) as a photosensitizer has been used in corneal surgery and the inactivation of blood products. However, the effect of RF on immune cells after ultraviolet (UV) light stimulation has not been investigated. This study pioneered a novel application method of RF.

Long-Term and Stable Dental Therapies an In Situ Spontaneous Medicine Delivery System.

Chronic oral diseases are boring, long-term, and discomfort intense diseases, which endanger the physical and mental health of patients constantly. Traditional therapeutic methods based on medicines (including swallowing drugs, applying ointment, or injection in situ) bring much inconvenience and discomfort. A new method possessing accurate, long-term, stable, convenient, and comfortable features is in great need.

Impact of lane-changing behavior on traffic emissions of road sections in multi-dimensional mixed traffic flow environment.

This study analyzed the effect of lane-changing behavior on traffic flow emissions and energy consumption of road sections in fuel vehicle-battery electric vehicle (FV-BEV) and human-driven vehicle-cooperative adaptive cruise control (HDV-CACC) multi-dimensional mixed traffic flow environments. Based on the traditional energy consumption model, a multi-dimensional mixed traffic flow energy consumption model was established by considering the BEV and CACC penetration rates. The microscopic traffic flow theory approach was used to analyze lane-changing behavior and the influencing mechanism of lane-changing behavior on the energy consumption of multi-dimensional mixed traffic flow, and MATLAB was used for the experimental simulation.

Modeling the Prediction on the Efficacy of a Homologous Third Dose of CoronaVac Against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.1, BA.2, BA.2.12.1, and BA.4/5 - China, 2020-2021.

What Is Already Known About This Topic?: Previous studies have reported vaccine efficacy or effectiveness against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron subvariants for several vaccine platforms. However, there are currently few data on estimates of inactivated platform coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines, especially against the globally dominant subvariant - Omicron BA.5.

Optimization model for bus priority control considering carbon emissions.

To study the impact of bus priority control (BPC) on traffic carbon emissions under the strategies of speed guidance, green extension (GE), and red truncation (RT), with consideration of the main influencing factors such as delay, stopping times, and speed, a combination optimization method was used to develop a bi-level optimization model for BPC. The optimal carbon-emission reductions of buses and social vehicles with different fuel types in the upstream section of the intersection and the intersection control area was the upper-level objective, and the optimal total passenger-delay reduction was the lower-level objective. The Gauss - Seidel iterative algorithm was used to solve the model.

Global diversity of policy, coverage, and demand of COVID-19 vaccines: a descriptive study.

Background: Hundreds of millions of doses of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines have been administered globally, but progress on vaccination varies considerably between countries. We aimed to provide an overall picture of COVID-19 vaccination campaigns, including policy, coverage, and demand of COVID-19 vaccines.

Methods: We conducted a descriptive study of vaccination policy and doses administered data obtained from multiple public sources as of 8 February 2022.

Global Epidemiology of Human Infections With Variant Influenza Viruses, 1959-2021: A Descriptive Study.

Background: Although human case numbers of variant influenza viruses have increased worldwide, the epidemiology of human cases and human-to-human transmissibility of different variant viruses remain uncertain.

Methods: We used descriptive statistics to summarize the epidemiologic characteristics of variant virus infections. The hospitalization rate, case-fatality, and hospitalization-fatality risks were used to assess disease severity.

Investigating vaccine-induced immunity and its effect in mitigating SARS-CoV-2 epidemics in China.

Background: To allow a return to a pre-COVID-19 lifestyle, virtually every country has initiated a vaccination program to mitigate severe disease burden and control transmission. However, it remains to be seen whether herd immunity will be within reach of these programs.

Methods: We developed a compartmental model of SARS-CoV-2 transmission for China, a population with low prior immunity from natural infection.

Prediction of long-term kinetics of vaccine-elicited neutralizing antibody and time-varying vaccine-specific efficacy against the SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant by clinical endpoint.

Background: Evidence on vaccine-specific protection over time, in particular against the Delta variant, and protection afforded by a homologous third dose is urgently needed.

Methods: We used a previously published model and neutralization data for five vaccines-mRNA-1273, BNT162b2, NVX-CoV2373, V01, and CoronaVac- to evaluate long-term neutralizing antibody dynamics and predict time-varying efficacy against the Delta variant by specific vaccine, age group, and clinical severity.

Results: We found that homologous third-dose vaccination produces higher neutralization titers compared with titers observed following primary-series vaccination for all vaccines studied.

Herd immunity induced by COVID-19 vaccination programs and suppression of epidemics caused by the SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant in China.

Background: To allow a return to a pre-COVID-19 lifestyle, virtually every country has initiated a vaccination program to mitigate severe disease burden and control transmission. However, it remains to be seen whether herd immunity will be within reach of these programs.

Methods: We developed a data-driven model of SARS-CoV-2 transmission for China, a population with low prior immunity from natural infection.

Evaluation of the safety profile of COVID-19 vaccines: a rapid review.

Background: The rapid process of research and development and lack of follow-up time post-vaccination aroused great public concern about the safety profile of COVID-19 vaccine candidates. To provide comprehensive overview of the safety profile of COVID-19 vaccines by using meta-analysis technique.

Methods: English-language articles and results posted on PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, PMC, official regulatory websites, and post-authorization safety surveillance data were searched through June 12, 2021.

Neutralizing Antibodies Against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Variants Induced by Natural Infection or Vaccination: A Systematic Review and Pooled Analysis.

Recently emerged severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants may pose a threat to immunity. A systematic landscape of neutralizing antibodies against emerging variants is needed. We systematically searched for studies that evaluated neutralizing antibody titers induced by previous infection or vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 variants and collected individual data.

Comprehensive mapping of neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 variants induced by natural infection or vaccination.

Background: Immunity after SARS-CoV-2 infection or vaccination has been threatened by recently emerged SARS-CoV-2 variants. A systematic summary of the landscape of neutralizing antibodies against emerging variants is needed.

Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and 3 pre-print servers for studies that evaluated neutralizing antibodies titers induced by previous infection or vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 variants and comprehensively collected individual data.

The pollination of (Orchidaceae) in South China: When butterflies take sides.

is one of the largest terrestrial genera in the family Orchidaceae. Most field studies on species with greenish-white and nocturnal scented flowers are pollinated by nocturnal hawkmoths and settling moths. However, presents reddish flowers lacking a detectable scent and fails to fit the moth pollination syndrome.

Batesian mimicry in the nonrewarding saprophytic orchid .

Batesian mimicry, a type of deceptive pollination, is a complicated strategy used by nonrewarding plants to attract pollinators, but some hypotheses concerning this have not been systematically verified. In order to show in detail a case of Batesian mimicry on saprophytic orchid , the ecological relationship between , and spp. was explored.