Unveiling a Novel Mechanism of Enhanced Secretion, Cargo Loading, and Accelerated Dynamics of Bacterial Extracellular Vesicles Following Antibiotic Exposure.

Antibiotic exposure substantially alters the production mechanisms of bacterial extracellular vesicles (BEVs), which serve as carriers for intercellular exchange of DNA, proteins, and nutrients, yet the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Here, using Escherichia coli as a model, we uncover how antibiotic exposure enhances BEV secretion, cargo enrichment, and motility. Our results demonstrate that enrofloxacin (ENR) triggers the SOS response, leading to upregulation of the endolysin genes essd-1, rrrd, and rzod, causing peptidoglycan layer damage and promoting modest BEV formation with encapsulated bioactive components such as DNA and proteins.

Clinical characteristics, treatment patterns, and survival outcomes of 1031 patients with peripheral T cell lymphoma in china: a multicenter, real-world study.

Background: The data about the clinical features and outcomes of Chinese patients with peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCLs) are limited.

Method: This retrospective study included 1031 patients of PTCL from January 2014 to March 2022 at 21 centers in China. The clinical features, treatment patterns, and survival outcomes of the Chinese PTCL population were reported.

A novel chimpanzee adenovirus vector vaccine for protection against infectious bronchitis and Newcastle disease in chickens.

The development of effective poultry vaccines is crucial for maintaining flock health and productivity. In this study, we developed and evaluated a recombinant chimpanzee adenovirus vaccine (PAD-S1-HN) that simultaneously expresses the infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) spike subunit protein S1 and Newcastle disease virus (NDV) hemagglutinin-neuraminidase HN protein. The recombinant virus was successfully rescued in HEK293 cells, and transmission electron microscopy confirmed its typical adenoviral morphology.

A prognostic index for advanced-stage extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma: A multicenter study.

Advanced-stage extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma (ENKTL) is a highly heterogeneous disease with very poor prognosis. All commonly utilized prognostic models incorporated both early-stage and advanced-stage patients in the modeling process. This study aim to design a prognostic model specifically for advanced-stage ENKTL, providing risk stratification in affected patients.

Benefit of consolidative radiation in patients with extranodal limited-stage diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: a multicenter retrospective study in China.

Approximately 40% of limited-stage (stage I and II) diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (LS-DLBCL) presents with extranodal disease. Extranodal LS-DLBCL may have significant biological differences and associated with worse outcomes than nodal disease. Although rituximab based chemoimmunotherapy is standard of first-line treatment, the role of consolidative radiotherapy (RT) in this particular subgroup is controversial.

Membrane vesicles derived from Enterococcus faecalis promote the co-transfer of important antibiotic resistance genes located on both plasmids and chromosomes.

Background: Bacterial membrane vesicles (BMVs) are novel vehicles of antibiotic resistance gene (ARG) transfer in Gram-negative bacteria, but their role in the spread of ARGs in Gram-positive bacteria has not been defined. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of MVs in the transmission of antimicrobial resistance in Gram-positive bacteria.

Methods: A linezolid-resistant Enterococcus faecalis CQ20 of swine origin was selected as the donor strain.

The clinical and genomic distinctions of Class1/2/3 BRAF-mutant colorectal cancer and differential prognoses.

BRAF mutations are the oncogenic drivers in colorectal cancer and V600 mutations (Class1), which lead to RAS-independent active monomers, are the most common mutation types. BRAF non-V600 mutants can be further classified as RAS-independent active dimers (Class2) and RAS-dependent impaired kinase (Class3). We retrospectively reviewed the mutational profiles of 328 treatment-naïve colorectal tumors with BRAF mutations detected using capture-based hybrid next-generation sequencing targeting 400 + cancer-related genes.

Corrigendum to "Epidemiological Trends of Head and Neck Cancer: A Population-Based Study".

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1155/2021/1738932.].

Epidemiological Trends of Head and Neck Cancer: A Population-Based Study.

Background: Over the past decades, lots of advance have occurred in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of head and neck cancer (HNC). However, the contemporaneous incidence and survival trends, on the basis of population-based registry, have not been reported.

Methods: The HNC cancer cases were accessed from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database.

Human glioma cells-conditioned medium promotes proliferation and migration of human bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells in vitro.

Purpose: To investigate changes in cell proliferation and migration of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSCs) in glioma environment, in order to assess the tumorigenic risk of hMSCs in the clinical application to treat human gliomas.

Methods: hMSCs were obtained from normal adult persons and identified by their morphological characteristics and test of their stemness. The U251 glioma cell-conditioned medium (U251-CM) was obtained to simulate the human glioma environment in vitro.

The regulation of cancer cell migration by lung cancer cell-derived exosomes through TGF-β and IL-10.

Tumorigenesis has been considered to be as a result of abnormal cell-cell communication. It has been proposed that exosomes act as communicators between tumors and their microenvironment and have been demonstrated to be involved in tumorigenesis and subsequent metastasis. However, the mechanisms underlying the role of exosomes in these processes remains elusive.

Structural and functional characterization of neuromedin S in the teleost fish, zebrafish (Danio rerio).

Neuromedin S (NMS) has been demonstrated to have important roles in many vertebrate physiological processes. However, the function of NMS in teleost fishes remains unclear. We explored the physiological roles of the NMS gene in the zebrafish model.

Controversies regarding T status and N status for non-small cell lung cancer.

According to the newest version of NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC), increasing attentions are paid to the role of nodal status and other high-risk factors, including vascular invasion, wedge resection, tumors > 4 cm, visceral pleural involvement, and incomplete lymph node sampling in the individual clinical treatment. Precise definitions of T status and N status, closely associated with prognosis and treatment, are worth expanding further. However, complexity arises because no unity definition exists regarding individual T and N descriptors.

Metformin inhibits the growth of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells and sensitizes the cells to radiation via inhibition of the DNA damage repair pathway.

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality. Radiotherapy is one of the primary modalities for NPC treatment. However, in patients in the late stages of the disease, the local control rate and overall survival rate remain low.

Lectin from Agrocybe aegerita as a glycophenotype probe for evaluation of progression and survival in colorectal cancer.

Background: Agrocybe aegerita Lectin (AAL) has been identified to have high affinity for sulfated and α2-3- linked sialic acid glycoconjugates, especially the sulfated and sialyl TF (Thomsen-Friedenreich) disaccharide. This study was conducted to investigate the clinicopathological and prognostic value of AAL in identifying aberrant glycosylation in colorectal cancer (CRC).

Materials And Methods: Glycoconjugate expression in 59 CRC tissues were detected using AAL-histochemistry.

An updated meta-analysis of fatal adverse events caused by bevacizumab therapy in cancer patients.

Background: The risk of fatal adverse events (FAEs) due to bevacizumab-based chemotherapy has not been well described; we carried out an updated meta-analysis regarding this issue.

Methods: An electronic search of Medline, Embase and The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials was conducted to investigate the effects of randomized controlled trials on bevacizumab treatment on cancer patients. Random or fixed-effect meta-analytical models were used to evaluate the risk ratio (RR) of FAEs due to the use of bevacizumab.

BIRB796, the inhibitor of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, enhances the efficacy of chemotherapeutic agents in ABCB1 overexpression cells.

ATP-binding-cassette family membrane proteins play an important role in multidrug resistance. In this study, we investigated BIRB796, an orally active inhibitor of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, reversed MDR induced by ABCB1, ABCG2 and ABCC1. Our results showed that BIRB796 could reverse ABCB1-mediated MDR in both the drug selected and transfected ABCB1-overexpressing cell models, but did not enhance the efficacy of substrate-chemotherapeutical agents in ABCC1 or ABCG2 overexpression cells and their parental sensitive cells.

Comparison of KRAS/BRAF mutations between primary tumors and serum in colorectal cancer: Biological and clinical implications.

In colorectal cancer (CRC), KRAS and BRAF mutations in primary tumors are associated with resistance to anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (anti-EGFR)-based therapies. However, the correlation between KRAS/BRAF mutation in primary tumors and serum has not been well studied. To evaluate the degree of concordance of KRAS/BRAF mutations between the primary tumors and the matched serum samples in CRC, serum and tumor tissues were collected from 115 patients with CRC and KRAS/BRAF mutations were examined by nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and direct sequencing.

Effect of dicycloplatin, a novel platinum chemotherapeutical drug, on inhibiting cell growth and inducing cell apoptosis.

Dicycloplatin, a new supramolecular platinum-based antitumor drug, has been approved by the State Food and Administration (SFDA) of China. In this study, we investigated the anticancer activity of dicycloplatin in cancer cells and signaling pathways involved in dicycloplatin-induced apoptosis. Dicycloplatin inhibited the proliferation of cancer cells and increased the percentage of apoptosis in a concentration-dependent manner.

Enhancing chemosensitivity in ABCB1- and ABCG2-overexpressing cells and cancer stem-like cells by an Aurora kinase inhibitor CCT129202.

Imidazopyridine CCT129202 is an inhibitor of Aurora kinase activity and displays a favorable antineoplastic effect in preclinical studies. Here, we investigated the enhanced effect of CCT129202 on the cytotoxicity of chemotherapeutic drugs in multidrug resistant (MDR) cells with overexpression of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters and cancer stem-like cells. CCT129202 of more than 90% cell survival concentration significantly enhanced the cytotoxicity of substrate drugs and increased the intracellular accumulations of doxorubicin and rhodamine 123 in ABCB1 and ABCG2 overexpressing cells, while no effect was found on parental sensitive cells.

Saracatinib (AZD0530) is a potent modulator of ABCB1-mediated multidrug resistance in vitro and in vivo.

Saracatinib, a highly selective, dual Src/Abl kinase inhibitor, is currently in a Phase II clinical trial for the treatment of ovarian cancer. In our study, we investigated the effect of saracatinib on the reversal of multidrug resistance (MDR) induced by ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters in vitro and in vivo. Our results showed that saracatinib significantly enhanced the cytotoxicity of ABCB1 substrate drugs in ABCB1 overexpressing HeLa/v200, MCF-7/adr and HEK293/ABCB1 cells, an effect that was stronger than that of gefitinib, whereas it had no effect on the cytotoxicity of the substrates in ABCC1 overexpressing HL-60/adr cells and its parental sensitive cells.

Axitinib targeted cancer stemlike cells to enhance efficacy of chemotherapeutic drugs via inhibiting the drug transport function of ABCG2.

Stemlike cells have been isolated by their ability to efflux Hoechst 33342 dye and are called the side population (SP). We evaluated the effect of axitinib on targeting cancer stemlike cells and enhancing the efficacy of chemotherapeutical agents. We found that axitinib enhanced the cytotoxicity of topotecan and mitoxantrone in SP cells sorted from human lung cancer A549 cells and increased cell apoptosis induced by chemotherapeutical agents.