AI-assisted two-step enhanced SERS platform for rapid and ultra-sensitive detection of toxic molecules in biofluids.

Rapid detection of toxic molecules in biological fluids is crucial for clinical diagnosis, emergency toxicology, and forensic investigations. However, traditional methods such as liquid chromatography and gas chromatography are limited of complex sample preparation, time - consuming detection, and lack a basis for detecting different matrices and multiple toxicants. Herein, a two-step enhancement platform Ag@BOCPs based on surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) was developed, overcoming the limitations of the poor universality of the conventional silver nanoparticle.

Trends and hotspots in autoimmune hepatitis research: based on bibliometric analysis.

Background: Autoimmune Hepatitis (AIH) is a chronic inflammatory liver disease characterized by a sustained inflammatory response in the liver, usually associated with abnormalities in the immune system.The purpose of this study was to utilize bibliometric analysis to assess the current state of research on AIH and to predict future research areas and emerging trends.

Objective: In this study, we used bibliometric analysis to comprehensively analyze the literature on Autoimmune Hepatitis (AIH) published during the past two decades.

QSM predicts haemorrhage risk in brainstem cavernous malformations: a multicentre prospective study.

Background: This study investigates the predictive value of baseline quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) metrics for assessing the risk of future symptomatic haemorrhages in patients with brainstem cavernous malformations (CMs).

Methods: From July 2020 to September 2023, a prospective multicentre cohort of 155 patients with brainstem CMs was enrolled from 12 institutions. We analysed baseline QSM metrics, including lesional mean, median, IQR and maximum susceptibility.

Hemodilution and Serum Progesterone Regulation in Males with Obesity.

Objective: This study aimed to examine the correlation between serum progesterone levels, body mass index (BMI), and hemodilution in males, with an emphasis on the potential influence of lymphocyte counts.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on two cohorts comprising of 83 and 139 participants, respectively. Data collected included age, BMI, plasma volume, and serum progesterone levels.

Hypnotic drug use and intraoperative fluid balance associated with postoperative delirium following pancreatic surgery: A retrospective, observational, single-center study.

Background: Postoperative delirium is a common complication after various types of major surgery. The aim of this study was to identify risk factors associated with delirium following pancreatic surgery.

Methods: Data from the patients who had pancreatic surgery between July 2020 and March 2021 in Ruijin Hospital affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine were retrospectively analysed.

Proximal bronchiolar adenoma with malignant transformation to invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma with 4 years follow-up: a case report and literature review.

Background: Bronchiolar adenoma (BA) is a rare benign tumor originating in the bronchial mucosal epithelium and occurring primarily in the periphery of the lung. The most prominent histopathological feature of BA is a double-layer bronchial epithelium containing continuous basal cell layers. However, due to the high mutation frequency of the driver gene, there is still debate as to whether BA has the potential for malignant transformation.

A comparative quantitative assessment of 3D-printed PEKK and PEEK thin meshes in customized alveolar bone augmentation.

Objective: Customized nonabsorbable membranes are widely used in severe alveolar bone defects and provide sufficient and precise regenerated bone tissue for subsequent dental implant placement. Although 3D-printed polyetheretherketone (PEEK) meshes have confirmed successful use in clinical cases, the performance of a PEEK mesh is not satisfactory. Compared with PEEK, polyetherketoneketone (PEKK) has better mechanical and processing properties.

Radiosurgery versus observation for brainstem cavernous malformations: a 5-year multicentre cohort study.

The role of radiosurgery in preventing haemorrhage in brainstem cavernous malformations remains a subject of debate. This study aimed to evaluate whether radiosurgery provides a protective benefit against haemorrhage in these patients. This multicentre, prospective observational study was conducted in 17 centres and enrolled eligible patients with brainstem cavernous malformations consecutively.

Correlation analysis between serum total IgE and FeNO and idiosyncratic reaction in bronchiolitis.

Objective: This article focused on the correlation between the changes of serum total Immunoglobulin E (IgE) and Fractional exhaled Nitric Oxide (FeNO) and idiosyncratic reactions in children with bronchiolitis.

Methods: One hundred children with bronchiolitis and fifty healthy children were enrolled. Serum total IgE and FeNO were assessed, and the diagnostic value for bronchiolitis and the correlation with the severity of bronchiolitis were analyzed.

Clarifying the relationship and analyzing the influential factors of bronchial asthma in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.

Background: Bronchial asthma is closely related to the occurrence of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children, which can easily have adverse effects on children's learning and social interactions. Studies have shown that childhood asthma can increase the risk of ADHD and the core symptoms of ADHD. Compared with children with ADHD alone, children with asthma and ADHD are more likely to show high levels of hyperactivity, hyperactive-impulsive and other externalizing behaviors and anxiety in clinical practice and have more symptoms of somatization and emotional internalization.

Safety and effectiveness of lurasidone in the treatment of Chinese schizophrenia patients: An interim analysis of post-marketing surveillance.

Background: Schizophrenia is a psychiatric disorder characterized by chronic or recurrent symptoms. Lurasidone was licensed in China in 2019 for the treatment of adult schizophrenia in adults with a maximum dose of 80 mg/d. However, post-market surveillance (PMS) with an adequate sample size is required for further validation of the drug's safety profile and effectiveness.

Empagliflozin ameliorates atherosclerosis via regulating the intestinal flora.

Background And Aims: Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) has been reported to attenuate atherosclerosis. Further, it has been suggested that intestinal flora influences atherosclerosis progression. Herein we aimed to investigate whether SGLT2i can alleviate atherosclerosis through intestinal flora.

Nomogram for predicting an individual prospective hemorrhage risk in untreated brainstem cavernous malformations.

Objective: In this study, the authors aimed to create a nomogram for precisely predicting the 5-year prospective hemorrhage risk in brainstem cavernous malformations (BSCMs).

Methods: Patients with confirmed BSCMs in a single-center prospective observational series from January 2012 to December 2016 were included in the present study for nomogram building and validation. The concordance index (C-index), calibration curves, and decision curve analysis were used to evaluate the predictive accuracy, discriminative ability, and clinical usefulness of the nomogram.

Label-free detection of DNA methylation by surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy using zirconium-modified silver nanoparticles.

DNA methylation is an important feature of gene epigenetics that affects the metabolic process of organisms. Although surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) has demonstrated great potential in label-free DNA detection, discriminating the various processes involved in DNA methylation remains a challenge. DNA molecules fold themselves, wrapping the hydrophobic bases, thus making it difficult for traditional methods to detect single-base signals.

Five-year symptomatic hemorrhage risk of untreated brainstem cavernous malformations in a prospective cohort.

Hemorrhage of brainstem cavernous malformation (CM) would cause various symptoms and severe disability. The study aimed to elaborate on the 5-year actuarial cumulative hazard of symptomatic hemorrhage. Patients diagnosed in our institute between 2009 and 2013 were prospectively registered.

[Effect of 's scalp acupuncture on perceived stress and sleep structure in insomnia patients: a randomized controlled trial].

Objective: To compare the efficacy on insomnia between 's scalp acupuncture combined with conventional acupuncture and the simple conventional acupuncture.

Methods: A total of 66 patients with insomnia were randomly divided into an observation group (33 cases, 1 case dropped off) and a control group (33 cases, 2 cases dropped off). In the control group, the routine acupuncture therapy was applied to Shenmen (HT 7), Baihui (GV 20), Zhaohai (KI 6) and Sanyinjiao (SP 6), etc.

Welan gum promoted the growth of rice seedlings by enhancing carbon and nitrogen assimilation.

Based on the characteristics of natural polysaccharides in film-forming, chelating, and environmental friendly, a natural polysaccharide fertilizer agent was selected to increase the utilization of nitrogen fertilizer and increase plant growth. Five polysaccharides: xanthan gum, guar gum, fenugreek gum, welan gum and chitosan were screened for plant growth promoting effect. The results showed that welan gum had the most significant effect on promoting the growth of rice seedlings, and the concentrations of 0.

Adverse Factors of Treatment Response and Overall Survival in Pediatric and Adult Patients with Pineoblastoma.

Objective: Intracranial pineoblastomas are rare neoplasms with poor prognosis. The aim of this study was to describe the independent prognostic factors and treatment strategies for overall survival in pediatric and adult patients.

Methods: Sixty-four patients were surgically treated between January 2012 and December 2018.

Coumarin-3-formylpyrazoles as 3-carbon synthons in cyclocondensation for the synthesis of spiro-fused pentacyclic spirooxindoles.

Coumarin-3-formylpyrazoles have been synthesized and applied as 3-carbon synthons in reaction with 3-hydroxyoxindoles by using DABCO as the catalyst. A range of structurally diverse spiro-fused pentacyclic spirooxindoles, bearing a spirooxindole-γ-lactone and a 3,4-dihydrocoumarin substructure, could be smoothly obtained in good to excellent yields (up to 99%) with excellent diastereoselectivities (all cases >20 : 1 dr). The asymmetric version of this tandem reaction was preliminarily investigated by using chiral organocatalysts.

Organocatalytic Asymmetric Dearomatization of 3-Nitroindoles and 3-Nitrobenzothiophenes via Thiol-Triggered Diastereo- and Enantioselective Double Michael Addition Reaction.

Organocatalytic asymmetric dearomatization of 3-nitroindoles and 3-nitrobenzothiophenes by reaction with ethyl 4-mercapto-2-butenoate has been developed. A range of chiral tetrahydrothiopheneindolines and tetrahydrothiophenebenzothiophenes bearing three contiguous stereocenters are obtained in high yields with good diastereoselectivities and excellent enantioselectivities. This is the first example of thiol-triggered catalytic asymmetric dearomatization of 3-nitroindoles and 3-nitrobenzothiophenes.

Chiral Bifunctional Amine-Squaramide-Catalyzed Highly Diastereo- and Enantioselective Michael/Aldol Cascade Reaction of 2-Mercaptobenzaldehyde and α,β-Unsaturated 7-Azaindoline Amides.

A highly diastereo- and enantioselective Michael/aldol cascade reaction of 2-mercaptobenzaldehyde and α,β-unsaturated 7-azaindoline amides has been developed. Using as low as 1 mol % cinchonidine-derived bifunctional squaramide as the catalyst, a range of enantioenriched thiochromenes containing three contiguous stereogenic centers were smoothly obtained in excellent results (all cases >20:1 dr, 88-99% yield and ≥99% ee). The 7-azaindoline moiety of α,β-unsaturated 7-azaindoline amides has been demonstrated to be vital for the high reactivity and excellent stereoselectivity.

Phosphine-catalyzed dearomative (3 + 2) annulation of 2-nitrobenzofurans and nitrobenzothiophenes with allenoates.

An efficient Ph2PMe-catalyzed dearomative (3 + 2) annulation of 2-nitrobenzofurans, 2-nitrobenzothiophenes, and 3-nitrobenzothiophenes with allenoates has been developed. With the developed protocol, a series of structurally important cyclopenta[b]benzofurans and cyclopenta[b]benzothiophenes were obtained in good to excellent yields (up to 98%) under mild conditions. In addition, preparative-scale experiments and transformations were conducted to exemplify the synthetic utility.

[Effect of electroacupuncture on neurological deficit and activity of TLR2/NF-κB signaling in ce-rebral ischemia /reperfusion injury rats].

Objective: To observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) on neurological behavior and activity of Toll-like receptor 2 / nuclear factor kappa B (TLR2/NF-κB) signaling of the ischemic cerebral area in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI) rats, so as to explore its mechanisms underlying improvement of CIRI.

Methods: A total of 120 male SD rats were randomly divided into blank control, sham operation, model, EA and EA＋NF-κB inhibitor (Pyrrolidine Dithiocarbamate Hydrochloride, PDTC, EA＋PDTC) groups which were further divided into 3, 7, 14 and 28 d subgroups (＝6 in each subgroup). The CIRI model was established by occlusion of the middle cerebral artery for 90 min, followed by reperfusion.

Organocatalyzed Asymmetric Dearomative Aza-Michael/Michael Addition Cascade of 2-Nitrobenzofurans and 2-Nitrobenzothiophenes with 2-Aminochalcones.

An organocatalyzed dearomative aza-Michael/Michael addition cascade of 2-nitrobenzofurans and 2-nitrobenzothiophenes with 2-aminochalcones has been developed, opening a new channel to access a series of optically active tetrahydrobenzofuro[3,2- b]quinolines and tetrahydrobenzo[4,5]thieno[3,2- b]quinolines bearing three contiguous stereocenters with excellent diastereo- and enantioselectivities (all cases >20:1 dr, up to 99% ee). This study features the first asymmetric dearomative cascade reaction of 2-nitrobenzofurans and 2-nitrobenzothiophenes beginning with aza-Michael addition. The potential applications of the methodology were demonstrated by the preparative-scale experiment and the versatile transformations of the products.