Identification and validation of chronic critical illness subphenotypes using urea-creatinine ratio trajectories.

Background & Aims: Chronic critical illness (CCI) is common in intensive care units (ICUs) and is highly heterogeneous. We utilized urea-creatinine ratio (UCR) trajectories to develop and validate subphenotypes and reveal the heterogeneous treatment effects of medical nutrition therapy.

Methods: This retrospective study included all CCI patients from three public critical care databases.

Trajectories and risk factors of depressive symptomatology following hysterectomy.

Objectives: Hysterectomy is the second most common gynecological surgery performed on reproductive aged women in the United States. It is not known if some groups of women are more susceptible to depression after hysterectomy.

Methods: Participants were scheduled for hysterectomy for benign causes and not undergoing a concomitant urogynecological procedure.

Relationship of Mogibacterium in the gut microbiota with early-stage lung cancer.

Aims: To investigate gut microbiota abundance and diversity in early-stage lung cancer patients.

Methods And Results: Patients with benign lung nodules or early-stage lung cancer and healthy individuals were consecutively recruited. Inflammatory factors in venous blood were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays.

Extracellular vesicles as vital players in drug delivery: a focus on clinical disease treatment.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs), a diverse population of bilayer lipid-membrane vesicles secreted by cells, have emerged as ideal drug carriers due to their efficient cellular uptake and targeted delivery capabilities. Advancements in medical and bioengineering collaborations have enabled EVs to be engineered for specific marker expression or therapeutic cargo transport, positioning them as a promising modality for treating cancer, neurological disorders, cardiovascular diseases, and beyond. EV-based drug delivery strategies offer distinct advantages, including facilitation of intercellular communication and immune modulation, high biocompatibility and stability, the ability to traverse the blood-brain barrier, and potential synergistic interactions with encapsulated therapeutics to enhance efficacy.

Revealing the synergistic effect of InO and Brønsted acid on the superior activity of hybrid In/H-SSZ-39 in the selective catalytic reduction of NO with CH.

Selective catalytic reduction of NO with CH (CH-SCR) is a promising strategy for NO abatement that utilizes CH escaping from the incomplete combustion of liquefied natural gas (LNG) to reduce NO. However, developing CH-SCR catalysts with high efficiency at temperature < 450°C remains a significant challenge. Herein, this work reported an In/H-SSZ-39-Hy zeolite catalyst (Hy represents hybrid AEI/MOR topology) with superior activity by utilizing the synergistic effect of InO and Brønsted acid (BA).

Angiogenic and neurogenic potential of dental-derived stem cells for functional pulp regeneration: A narrative review.

Background: Dental pulp tissue engineering is expected to become an ideal treatment for irreversible pulpitis and apical periodontitis. However, angiogenesis and neurogenesis for functional pulp regeneration have not yet met the standard for large-scale clinical application, and need further research.

Objective: This review focused on the potential mechanisms of angiogenesis and neurogenesis in pulp regeneration, including stem cell types, upstream and downstream regulatory molecules and cascade signalling pathways, thereby providing a theoretical basis and inspiring new ideas to improve the effectiveness of dental pulp tissue engineering.

A diverse hidradenitis suppurativa cohort: A retrospective cross-sectional study of 13,130 patients from a large US health care system database from 1995 to 2022.

Background: Most epidemiological studies of hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) have described homogeneous patient populations.

Objective: To characterize demographics, modifiable health behaviors, and comorbidities of HS patients within a diverse cohort.

Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study of 13,130 HS patients within a health care system was conducted.

Associations of age and sex with characteristics of extracellular vesicles and protein-enriched fractions of blood plasma.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanosized particles that are released by various cell types and play vital roles in intercellular communication. They carry biological molecules reflecting the physiological and pathological states of their source cells and tissues, showing potential as biomarkers. However, the impact of demographic factors like age and sex on the properties of blood plasma EVs remains underexplored.

Differences in Patient-Reported Outcome Measures in Patients With Cancer Six Months Before Death.

Purpose: Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) provide a direct report of the patient's perspective, complementary to clinician assessment. Currently, understanding the real-time changes in PROM scores near the end of life remains limited. This study evaluated differences in mean PROM scores between patients with cancer within 6 months before death compared with surviving patients with cancer.

Synergistic effects of social determinants of health and race-ethnicity on 30-day all-cause readmission disparities: a retrospective cohort study.

Objective: The objective of this study is to assess the effects of social determinants of health (SDOH) and race-ethnicity on readmission and to investigate the potential for geospatial clustering of patients with a greater burden of SDOH that could lead to a higher risk of readmission.

Design: A retrospective study of inpatients at five hospitals within Henry Ford Health (HFH) in Detroit, Michigan from November 2015 to December 2018 was conducted.

Setting: This study used an adult inpatient registry created based on HFH electronic health record data as the data source.

Cu/CeO catalysts for reverse water gas shift reactions: the effect of the preparation method.

The reverse water gas shift reaction is one of the most prospective CO utilization approaches. Cu has excellent selectivity for CO and CeO is rich in surface oxygen vacancies for CO activation. These unique properties are often used to develop efficient Cu/CeO catalysts in RWGS.

Alteration of the gut microbiota in patients with lung cancer accompanied by chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases.

Aim: To explore the abundance and diversity of the gut microbiota in patients with lung cancer accompanied by chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (LC-COPD).

Methods: The study cohort comprised 15 patients with LC-COPD, 49 patients with lung cancer, and 18 healthy control individuals. ELISA was used to detect inflammatory factors in venous blood.

Polyaniline as a Nitrogen Source and Lignosulfonate as a Sulphur Source for the Preparation of the Porous Carbon Adsorption of Dyes and Heavy Metal Ions.

Using agricultural and forestry wastes as raw materials, adsorbent materials were prepared for dye adsorption in wastewater, which can minimize the environmental load and fully realize sustainability by treating waste with waste. Taking lignosulfonate as a raw material, due to its molecular structure having more reactive groups, it is easy to form composite materials via a chemical oxidation reaction with an aniline monomer. After that, using a sodium lignosulfonate/polyaniline composite as the precursor, the activated high-temperature pyrolysis process is used to prepare porous carbon materials with controllable morphology, structure, oxygen, sulfur, and nitrogen content, which opens up a new way for the preparation of functional carbon materials.

Preparation and research progress of lignin-based supercapacitor electrode materials.

The reserve of lignin in the biological world is the second largest biomass resource after cellulose. Lignin has the characteristics of wide sources, low cost, and rich active components. Due to environmental pollution and energy scarcity, lignin is often used as a substitute good for petrochemical products.

Comparison of anticoagulation monitoring strategies for adults supported on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: A systematic review.

Background: Anticoagulation is critical in patients supported on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). The appropriate monitoring strategies for heparin remain unclear.

Objectives: This systematic review aimed to compare the accuracy and safety of various monitoring strategies for patients supported on ECMO.

Adsorption Studies on the Removal of Anionic and Cationic Dyes from Aqueous Solutions Using Discarded Masks and Lignin.

The carbon materials derived from discarded masks and lignin are used as adsorbent to remove two types of reactive dyes present in textile wastewater: anionic and cationic. This paper introduces the results of batch experiments where Congo red (CR) and Malachite green (MG) are removed from wastewater onto the carbon material. The relationship between adsorption time, initial concentration, temperature and pH value of reactive dyes was investigated by batch experiments.

Real time patient-reported outcome measures in patients with cancer: Early experience within an integrated health system.

Background: While patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) have benefit in cancer clinical trials, real-world applications are lacking. This study describes the method of implementation of a cancer enterprise-wide PROMs platform.

Methods: After establishing a multispecialty stakeholder group within a large integrated health system, domain-specific instruments were selected from the National Institutes of Health's Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) instruments (pain interference, fatigue, physical function, and depression) and were administered at varying frequencies throughout each patient's cancer journey.

A Biocompatible Probe for the Detection of Neutrophil Elastase Free from the Interference of Structural Changes and Its Application to Ratiometric Photoacoustic Imaging In Vivo.

Neutrophil elastase (NE) plays a key role in chronic inflammation and acute responses to infection and injury. Effective disease interventions thus call for precise identification of NE to aid the clinical treatment of such diseases. However, the detection process suffers from the interference of structural changes of NE.

Associations between the use of aspirin or other antiplatelet drugs and all-cause mortality among patients with COVID-19: A meta-analysis.

Whether aspirin or other antiplatelet drugs can reduce mortality among patients with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) remains controversial. We identified randomized controlled trials, prospective cohort studies, and retrospective studies on associations between aspirin or other antiplatelet drug use and all-cause mortality among patients with COVID-19 in the PubMed database between March 2019 and September 2021. Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and Cochrane Risk of Bias Assessment Tool were used to assess the risk of bias.