Norwegian scabies hid in advanced AIDS-associated talaromycosis misdiagnosed as atopic dermatitis: a case report.

Background: Crusted scabies (Norwegian scabies), a rare variant of scabies infestation, typically manifests in immunocompromised hosts or institutionalized patients with characteristic hyperkeratosis and fissured plaques. In AIDS patients with concurrent opportunistic infections like talaromycosis, scabies diagnosis may be obscured by overlapping cutaneous manifestations, potentially delaying appropriate management. This case highlights the diagnostic challenges in differentiating crusted scabies from treatment-refractory dermatitis in advanced HIV patients.

Upregulation of a cytochrome P450 gene, CYP6B50, confers multi-insecticide resistance in Spodoptera frugiperda.

Introduction: The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda, is a globally invasive pest that has developed resistance to numerous insecticides. Cytochrome P450 enzymes have been commonly implicated in insecticide resistance in insect pests, including in S. frugiperda.

AI-Driven Transcriptome Prediction in Human Pathology: From Molecular Insights to Clinical Applications.

Gene expression regulation underpins cellular function and disease progression, yet its complexity and the limitations of conventional detection methods hinder clinical translation. In this review, we define "predict" as the AI-driven inference of gene expression levels and regulatory mechanisms from non-invasive multimodal data (e.g.

A novel strategy to combat insecticide resistance in insect pest with a nanoparticle-based fusion dsRNA delivery system.

Background: The decline in pest control efficacy due to insecticide resistance remains a significant threat to global food security. While RNA interference (RNAi)-mediated silencing of key resistance genes offers a promising strategy to mitigate this challenge, and field-applicable targeting insecticide resistance remains limited. This study aimed to develop an RNAi-based spray platform utilizing fusion dsRNA to restore the efficacy of insecticides.

Protocol for isolating, culturing, and artificially infecting the Arsenophonus endosymbiont of Nilaparvata lugens.

Endosymbionts play a crucial role in insect physiology and adaptation. Here, we present a protocol for isolation, cultivation, and artificial infection of the Arsenophonus endosymbiont of Nilaparvata lugens. We describe steps for symbiont isolation, in vitro culture maintenance, genetic modification, and host reinfection.

Nanoparticle-Mediated dsRNA Delivery Used as a Broad-Spectrum Synergistic Nanonucleic Acid Adjuvant to Control .

The enhanced detoxification capacity caused by the induction or constitutive overexpression of metabolic enzyme genes has complicated sustainable and efficient pest control strategies. This study clarified the detoxification effects of two P450 genes, and , on multiple insecticides in . The chimeric double-stranded RNA (ch-dsRNA) of these two genes was obtained by using the L4440-HT1115 (DE3) RNase III system, and the RNA interference (RNAi) effectiveness of ch-dsRNA was verified by microinjection.

Mitochondria-Rich Extracellular Vesicles From Bone Marrow Stem Cells Mitigate Muscle Degeneration in Rotator Cuff Tears in a Rat Model Through Macrophage M2 Phenotype Conversion.

Purpose: To investigate the protective effects of extracellular vesicles derived from bone marrow stem cells (BMSC-EVs) on muscle degeneration in a rat model of rotator cuff tendon and suprascapular nerve (SSN) transection (termed the RCT-SSN model), focusing on mitochondrial transfer.

Methods: The EVs were identified and characterized. The RCT-SSN model was established by transecting the supraspinatus, infraspinatus tendons, and suprascapular nerve.

JNK-ERK Synergistic Regulation of P450 Gene Expression Confers Nitenpyram Resistance in (Stål).

Cascading regulation of signaling pathways plays a crucial role in insect growth, development, and adaptation. However, how insects employ signaling cascades to regulate detoxification gene expression and enhance resistance is not well understood. In the current study, we investigated the MAPK signaling pathway in mediating nitenpyram resistance in .

Global, regional and country-specific burden of chronic kidney disease due to type 1 diabetes mellitus: A systematic analysis of the 2021 global disease burden study.

Aims: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects individual welfare, healthcare systems and societal progress. Of the multifaceted etiological factors, type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a prominent contributor to CKD.

Materials And Methods: We analysed the global incidence, prevalence, deaths and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) with age-standardised rates of CKD due to T1DM (CKD-T1DM) in 2021, stratified by subtype.

Evaluating the biocontrol potential and whole genome sequencing of Pseudomonas fluorescens HT1: a promising agent against southern blight in Coptis chinensis.

Background: Southern blight, caused by Sclerotium rolfsii, poses a formidable threat to the cultivation of Coptis chinensis, especially affecting both yield and crop quality. Given the environmental harm associated with chemical fungicides, microbial antagonists are emerging as a viable solution for plant disease management. This study aimed to identify bacterial strains with antagonistic properties against southern blight in Coptis chinensis and to evaluate their biocontrol capabilities.

The global burden of osteoarthritis knee: a secondary data analysis of a population-based study.

Background: Osteoarthritis knee poses a substantial and pervasive global health challenge.

Methods: The data was extracted from the Global Burden of Disease 2021 Study database. First, numbers and age-standardized rates (ASRs) of incidence, prevalence, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of osteoarthritis knee were assessed globally and by sub-types in 2021.

Mobile Resistance Elements: Symbionts That Modify Insect Host Resistance.

Mounting evidence indicates that symbionts play a beneficial role through secondary metabolic compounds and various chemical processes in host adaptation to adversity, particularly in herbivorous insects whose survival is severely threatened by insecticides or secondary metabolite stress. Despite extensive research on insect symbionts, the spread of these beneficial symbionts and the correlation with host phenotypes limit our ability to predict and manage the adaptive capabilities of insect populations in changing environments. In this review, we propose the concept of "Mobile Resistance Elements (MRE)" to describe the dynamic and adaptable nature of resistance-related symbionts that can be transmitted between insect hosts.

miRNAs modulate altered expression of cytochrome P450s and nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunits conferring both metabolic and target resistance to sulfoxaflor in Nilaparvata lugens (Stål).

Understanding the insecticide resistance mechanisms and their underlying regulatory pathways is essential for pest management. Previous findings indicated that the overexpression of P450 gene, CYP6ER1, was a key mechanism for sulfoxaflor metabolic resistance in Nilaparvata lugens. However, it remains unclear whether quantitative changes in the target nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) contribute to sulfoxaflor resistance and the underlying regulatory mechanisms involved.

Characteristics and risk factors for death in HIV-positive talaromycosis marneffei patients with sepsis.

Objectives: This case-control study aimed to analyze the characteristics and risk factors for death in HIV-positive Talaromycosis marneffei (TSM) patients with sepsis.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 173 AIDS patients diagnosed with TSM infection from January 1, 2013, to December 1, 2023, at Hangzhou Xixi Hospital. We collected and analyzed clinical characteristics, laboratory findings, bone marrow cytology results, treatment, and prognosis.

Chlorantraniliprole Resistance in : Resistance Monitoring, Resistance Risk, and Resistance Mechanisms.

is a significant global pest, and chlorantraniliprole (CAP) is extensively used in China for its control. Understanding CAP resistance in is crucial for effective management of this pest. Field populations exhibited varying degrees of resistance to CAP (RR = 1.

Investigation of lambda-cyhalothrin resistance in Spodoptera frugiperda: Heritability, cross-resistance, and mechanisms.

Lambda-cyhalothrin, a representative pyrethroid insecticide widely used for Spodoptera frugiperda control in China, poses challenges due to the development of resistance. This study investigates the realized heritability, inheritance pattern, cross-resistance, and resistance mechanisms to lambda-cyhalothrin. After 21 generations of selection, the lambda-cyhalothrin-resistant strain (G21) developed a 171.

Smart and Sustainable Crop Protection: Design and Evaluation of a Novel α-Amylase-Responsive Nanopesticide for Effective Pest Control.

In this study, an α-amylase-responsive controlled-release formulation was developed by capping polydopamine onto β-cyclodextrin-modified abamectin-loaded hollow mesoporous silica nanoparticles. The prepared Aba@HMS@CD@PDA were subjected to characterization using various analytical techniques. The findings revealed that Aba@HMS@CD@PDA, featuring a loading rate of 18.

Nab-Paclitaxel for Relapsed AIDS-Related Kaposi Sarcoma -A Case Report.

Introduction: Kaposi sarcoma (KS) incidence has decreased since the initiation of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), but it remains the most common cancer in people with HIV/AIDS (PWHA). PWHA with advanced immunosuppression who initiate antiretroviral therapy are susceptible to the occurrence of an immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS).

Case Presentation: This report covers the case of a 25-year-old male with AIDS-related KS who relapsed after Liposomal Doxorubicin, but recovered well after administration of nab-paclitaxel (Nab-PTX).

Effect of ambient ozone pollution on disease burden globally: A systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study 2019.

Background: Exposure to ambient ozone pollution causes health loss and even death, and both are the main risk factors for the disease burden worldwide. We comprehensively evaluated the ozone pollution-related disease burden.

Methods: First, numbers and age-standardized rates of deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) were assessed globally and by sub-types in 2019.

Meteorological factors cannot be ignored in machine learning-based methods for predicting dengue, a systematic review.

In recent years, there has been a rapid increase in the application of machine learning methods about predicting the incidence of dengue fever. However, the predictive factors and models employed in different studies vary greatly. Hence, we conducted a systematic review to summarize machine learning methods and predictors in previous studies.

Associations of family income and healthy lifestyle with all-cause mortality.

Background: There is a lack of evidence on whether combined lifestyle factors mediate the association between family income and all-cause mortality, as well as the joint relations between family income and lifestyle factors with mortality.

Methods: Using data on family income and lifestyle factors of participants in the US National Health Interview Survey 2016-2018, we performed multivariable logistic regression models to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the association of all-cause mortality with said data.

Results: We included 73 729 participants with a mean age of 47.