Acupuncture modulates the microbiota-gut-brain axis: a new strategy for Parkinson's disease treatment.

Parkinson's disease is a relatively common neurodegenerative disorder in clinical practice, and its prevalence is increasing worldwide. It not only causes patients to have movement disorders such as tremors and delayed initiation but also makes them suffer from olfactory disorders, gastrointestinal disorders, insomnia and other symptoms, which imposes a heavy burden on both patients and their families. In recent years, some scholars believe that the gut-brain axis may be the key to revealing the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease.

Discovery of Selective and Orally Bioavailable Heterobifunctional Degraders of Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 2.

Cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) plays an important role in cell cycle regulation and has emerged as a compelling target for the treatment of cancer, largely because of its potential to overcome the resistance associated with CDK4/6 inhibition. Efforts to develop CDK2 inhibitors have historically proven challenging due to undesirable safety profiles associated with inhibiting off-target CDK isoforms. Herein, we describe the structure-guided discovery of a series of orally bioavailable and selective degraders of CDK2.

Silver-loaded hollow copper sulfide particles for antibacterial therapy.

The misuse of antibiotics has accelerated the spread of antibiotic resistance (AR), making it a major global health threat. Drug-resistant bacteria, such as (), (), (), and (), continue to cause severe infections worldwide. This underscores the need for alternative antibacterial strategies.

Meta-analysis and Database Validation of Exosomal MicroRNAs and Prognosis in Gastric Cancer Patients.

Background: Exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) have been identified as pivotal regulators in the progression of diverse oncogenic processes. However, the relationship between exosomal miRNAs and the clinicopathological characteristics of gastric cancer (GC) patients remains a subject of debate. The present study was designed to meticulously assess the link between exosomal miRNAs and GC through a meticulous meta-analysis and rigorous database validation.

A method for purifying and concentrating Mycobacterium tuberculosis in sputum specimens: The double-membrane filtration and concentration method (DMFCM).

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease that poses a global hazard to public health. Clinically, the small number and low concentration of Mycobacterium tuberculosis () in some specimens make TB difficult to detect in the laboratory and affect the sensitivity of diagnosis.

Methods: in clinical sputum specimens was purified and concentrated using the double membrane filtration concentration method (DMFCM), which was compared with existing methods and evaluated for application.

SUMO2 promotes histone pre-mRNA processing by stabilizing histone locus body interactions and facilitating U7 snRNP assembly.

Histone mRNAs are the only nonpolyadenylated mRNAs in eukaryotic cells and require specialized processing in the histone locus body (HLB), a nuclear body where essential processing factors, including the U7 snRNP, are concentrated. Recent studies have revealed that misregulation of histone pre-mRNA processing can lead to polyadenylation of histone mRNAs and disruption of histone protein homeostasis. Despite links to human disease, the factors contributing to polyadenylation of histone mRNAs and the mechanisms underlying HLB assembly and U7 snRNP biogenesis remain unclear.

HMGB1-mediated pyroptosis promotes inflammation and contributes to skeletal muscle atrophy induced by cigarette smoke.

Skeletal muscle atrophy and dysfunction are common comorbidities in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), with cigarette smoke (CS) exposure being a significant contributing factor. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Inflammation driven by damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), such as High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), may play a crucial role.

Characterization of a novel alginate lyase Alg0392 with organic solvent-tolerance from Alteromonas sp. A1-6.

Enzymatic depolymerization of seaweed polysaccharides aroused great interest in the production of functional oligosaccharides and fermentable sugars. Alginate lyase Alg0392, a potential novel member of the polysaccharide lyase PL17 family, was cloned from Alteromonas sp. A1-6.

Mitigating chemotherapy-induced granulosa cell damage: role of hUCMSC-EVs in regulating the lncRNA HCP5-miR-20a-5p-YAP1 network.

The substantial apprehension facing young cancer patients revolves around the onset of chemotherapy-induced premature ovarian failure (POF), primarily linked to damage inflicted upon granulosa cells (GCs). The inquiry delves into the protective role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) in mitigating chemotherapy-induced ovarian failure. Specifically, we investigated the mechanism by which hUCMSC-EVs deliver the long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) HCP5 to regulate DNA damage repair in GCs via the miR-20a-5p/YAP1 axis.

Morphological parameters of the blastocyst to predict embryo quality: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: In assisted reproductive technology (ART), the morphological assessment of blastocyst quality is the crucial step that determines the success of embryo transfer. But the relative importance of three blastocyst components-blastocyst expansion (EH), inner cell mass (ICM), and trophectoderm (TE)-for embryos is still a matter of controversy. Therefore, the aim of this meta-analysis is to compare and rank the effects of blastocyst scoring on producing live births.

FGF1 ameliorates DSS-induced ulcerative colitis by reducing neutrophil recruitment through the MAPK pathway.

Background And Purpose: Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) constitute chronic inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract, with escalating global prevalence. There is a pressing demand for safe and effective treatments for IBDs. Fibroblast growth factor 1 (FGF1) variant FGF1, characterised by reduced mitogenic capacity, has shown promising therapeutic potential in various inflammatory conditions, including obesity and diabetic nephropathy.

Comprehensive analysis of mRNA expression of Piezo1 and Piezo2 in tumor samples and their prognostic implications in gastric cancer.

Background: This study aims to investigate the expression pattern and clinical significance of Piezo1 and Piezo2 in various cancers, focusing on gastric cancer (GC).

Methods: The study investigated the mRNA expression levels of Piezo1 and Piezo2 in tumor samples from different cancers using the BEST online database. The case-control studies about the relation between Piezo1 and Piezo2 and GC were retrieved from PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library.

CDK2 heterobifunctional degraders co-degrade CDK2 and cyclin E resulting in efficacy in CCNE1-amplified and overexpressed cancers.

CCNE1 amplification drives aberrant CDK2-cyclin E1 activity in cancer. Despite activity of CDK2 inhibitors, their therapeutic margins are limited by poor CDK selectivity. We developed a degrader with high selectivity for CDK2 over CDK1 that also unexpectedly led to cyclin E1 degradation and potent and complete suppression of RB phosphorylation at concentrations with low CDK2 occupancy and negligible CDK1 degradation.

Molecular insights into the overall architecture of human rixosome.

Rixosome is a conserved, multi-subunit protein complex that has critical roles in ribosome biogenesis and silencing of Polycomb target genes. The subunits of human rixosome include PELP1, WDR18, TEX10, LAS1L and NOL9, with LAS1L providing the endoribonuclease activity and NOL9 the RNA 5' kinase activity. We report here cryo-EM structures of the human PELP1-WDR18-TEX10 and LAS1L-NOL9 complexes and a lower-resolution model of the human PELP1-WDR18-LAS1L complex.

Molecular basis for the interaction between Saccharomyces cerevisiae Rtt103 and the Rat1-Rai1 complex.

The Rat1 5'-3' exoribonuclease together with its partner Rai1 have important roles in Saccharomyces cerevisiae RNA polymerase II transcription termination. Rtt103 copurifies with Rat1-Rai1 in S. cerevisiae, but its mechanism of interaction with them is not known.

Clinical Significance of RBM15 in Gastric Cancer: A Multi-Database Validation.

Background: Gastric Cancer (GC) represents a highly prevalent and aggressive form of malignancy. Recent scholarly endeavors have implicated the RNA binding motif protein 15 (RBM15) gene in the onset and progression of cancer. The present study was designed to delve into the expression profile of RBM15 in GC, assess its prognostic significance, and explore its potential as a viable therapeutic target.

Enhanced energy storage performance of nano-submicron structural dielectric films by suppressed ferroelectric phase aggregation.

Maintaining high charge/discharge efficiency while enhancing discharged energy density is crucial for energy storage dielectric films applied in electrostatic capacitors. Here, a nano-submicron structural film comprising ferroelectric material P(VDF-HFP) and linear dielectric material PMMA has been flexibly designed via the electrospinning process. Nano-submicron structure enables the film to maximize the ferroelectric material component and obtain improved dielectric performance without sacrificing breakdown strength and charge/discharge efficiency.

Cigarette Smoking Induces Skeletal Muscle Atrophy in Mice by Activated Macrophage-Mediated Pyroptosis.

Objective: Skeletal muscle atrophy is a major comorbidity associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease caused by exposure to cigarette smoke (CS). CS-activated macrophages and pyroptosis play an important role in skeletal muscle atrophy, but its specific molecular mechanism remains unclear. This study investigated the role and mechanisms of pyroptosis and activated macrophages in CS-induced skeletal muscle atrophy.

Investigating Raman peak enhancement in carboxyl-rich molecules: insights from Au@Ag core-shell nanoparticles in colloids.

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is a promising analytical technique with applications in environmental monitoring, healthcare, and the biopharmaceutical industry. While SERS has been successfully applied to molecules such as 4-mercaptobenzoic acid and other thiol- and amine-containing compounds, there is limited research on its detection capabilities for molecules rich in carboxyl groups or unsaturated bonds, such as citric acid. This study investigates the SERS enhancement of Au@Ag core-shell nanoparticles in response to citric acid and other molecules with carboxyl and unsaturated bonds.

RBBP6 anchors pre-mRNA 3' end processing to nuclear speckles for efficient gene expression.

Pre-mRNA 3' processing is an integral step in mRNA biogenesis. However, where this process occurs in the nucleus remains unknown. Here, we demonstrate that nuclear speckles (NSs), membraneless organelles enriched with splicing factors, are major sites for pre-mRNA 3' processing in human cells.

Research on improving the ranging accuracy of ships with stereo vision through Kalman filter optimization.

The real-time and accurate detection and ranging of ships play a pivotal role in ensuring navigation safety, this study aims to enhance the navigation safety and environmental perception capabilities of inland waterway vessels. In the ship detection stage, addressing challenges such as large parameters, high computational complexity, and poor real-time performance in existing ship detection models, this paper proposes the MS-YOLOv5s ship target detection algorithm. This algorithm, based on YOLOv5s, utilizes the lightweight MobileNetV3-Small network to replace the original YOLOv5s feature extraction backbone network, thereby improving the detection speed.

A rapid method for assessing seed drought resistance using integrated ID-BOA-SVM.

This study investigates the application of near-infrared spectroscopy (NIR) for assessing drought resistance in seeds, aiming to offer a rapid and efficient method suitable for large-scale primary screening. NIR spectroscopy is utilized to analyze four key factors (water, sugars, amino acids content, and genes) associated with maize seed drought responses. Signature NIR bands indicative of drought resistance-related molecules are identified using the Competitive Adaptive Reweighted Sampling (CARS) technique.

Quantitative comparison of the operating characteristics and engine performances of typical configurations of free-piston engine linear generator.

Due to their unique operating characteristics and high thermal efficiencies, free-piston engine linear generator (FPELG) has attracted research interest in recent years, thanks to the crankshaft absence. The FPELG has three typical structure configurations: single-cylinder single-piston, dual-cylinder dual-piston, and opposed-piston. These structure configurations have different benefits owing to their distinctive piston operating characteristics and engine performances.