Characterization of Muscle Tissue Cell Diversity and Clinical Implications in Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathy.

Background: Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs) exhibit diverse cellular microenvironments in muscle tissues, yet the full spectrum of cell populations and changes remains unclear. This study aimed to characterize cellular heterogeneity, explore cell-cell interactions and assess the prognostic value of cell subtype abundances across IIM subtypes in Han Chinese.

Methods: Muscle samples from six IIMs and three normal controls (NC) underwent single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), whereas bulk RNA sequencing was performed on 203 IIMs and 19 NC.

Mg-Incorporated Nickel Oxide Hole Injection Layer for Stable and Efficient Quantum Dot Light-Emitting Diodes.

High-quality hole injection layers (HILs) are essential for efficient and stable quantum dot light-emitting diodes (QLEDs). While NiO is a stable alternative to the poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) HIL, its low hole injection limits its practical application. This work enhances NiO hole injection efficiency by combining Mg alloying to deepen work function (5.

-Mediated Synergistic Regulation of ROS, Hormonal Signaling, and Defense Gene Networks Drives Maize Immunity to Southern Corn Leaf Blight.

The rapid evolution of pathogens and the limited genetic diversity of hosts are two major factors contributing to the plant pathogenic phenomenon known as the loss of disease resistance in maize ( L.). It has emerged as a significant biological stressor threatening the global food supplies and security.

Finite element analysis of the seismic performance of wind and rain bridge.

The traditional architecture of the Dong and other ethnic minorities show cases unique architectural skills. Its conservation is significant for maintaining the diversity of national culture and transmitting traditional craftsmanship. This study used ABAQUS software to analyse the mechanical properties of two typical wind and rain bridge structures.

Disease-Resistance Functional Analysis and Screening of Interacting Proteins of ZmCpn60-3, a Chaperonin 60 Protein from Maize.

Chaperonin 60 proteins plays an important role in plant growth and development as well as the response to abiotic stress. As part of the protein homeostasis system, molecular chaperones have attracted increasing attention in recent years due to their involvement in the folding and assembly of key proteins in photosynthesis. However, little is known about the function of maize chaperonin 60 protein.

Perioperative dexmedetomidine reduces the risk of postoperative complications in high-risk patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery: A randomized controlled trial.

Background: Dexmedetomidine may suppress the surgery-induced inflammatory response, which is considered the underlying mechanism of postoperative complications. This study was designed to investigate whether perioperative dexmedetomidine could decrease the risk of postoperative complications among high-risk patients.

Methods: This multicenter randomized controlled trial is a superiority trial.

Analysis of disease resistance of ZmERS4 -overexpressing rice.

The discovery of the novel genes with disease resistance and the cultivation of new varieties of maize was considered as the most economical and efficient strategy for the disease stress. In previous studies, our research team had screened and obtained an ethylene receptor protein gene Zea mays Ethylene Response Sensor4 (ZmERS4) from the maize leaf, then ZmERS4 was overexpressed in rice, followed by the obtaining of the T3 homozygous transgenic rice. Besides, the disease resistance of the ZmERS4 -overexpressing rice was analyzed during the research, which revealed that the overexpression of ZmERS4 in rice could enhance the resistance to Xanthomonas oryzae pv.

Improved Hole Injection by Enhancing Electron Extraction of Solution-Processed MoO in Quantum Dot Light-Emitting Diodes.

Hole injection layers (HILs) are pivotal for the performance of quantum dot light-emitting diodes (QLEDs), with solution-processed inorganic HIL materials being a primary means for the commercial application of QLEDs. Transition metal oxides (TMOs), due to their excellent stability, have been widely employed as inorganic HILs by thermal evaporation in QLEDs; however, the hole injection ability of solution-processed TMO film necessitates further enhancement owing to inferior film quality. In this study, a solution-processed molybdenum oxide (MoO) film was used as a HIL, and its hole injection ability in the QLED was improved by tuning the oxygen states.

A nomogram model incorporating blood biomarkers predicts 3-week functional outcomes in stroke patients.

Objective: Accurate prediction of functional outcomes of stroke remains clinically challenging. The present study was designed to identify baseline biomarkers in demographic, clinical data, and blood biomarkers to predict 3-week outcomes in stroke patients.

Methods: A prospective cohort of two hundred patients with stroke was recruited at the hospital and followed for 3 weeks.

High levels of EPSTI1 enhance IFN-β-mediated HLA-A expression and chemokine secretion in myoblasts in dermatomyositis.

Objectives: Epithelial-Stromal Interaction 1 (EPSTI1), an interferon-related gene that has emerged as a gene of notable interest, plays a multifaceted role in cellular function and disease processes. However, the precise role of EPSTI1 in the context of dermatomyositis(DM) remains elusive and requires further exploration.

Methods: To investigate EPSTI1 expression in DM, we analyzed two transcriptome datasets, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and muscle tissues from our DM cohort.

Root Exudates Mediate FZB42's Colonization-Independent Biocontrol in Maize.

inoculants often show unstable performance due to poor colonization, making it crucial to explore colonization-independent biocontrol mechanisms. While rhizosphere microbial communities and root exudates influence plant disease resistance, it remains unclear if these changes depend on colonization. This study analyzed the rhizosphere bacterial community and root exudates of maize in response to FZB42 and the colonization-defective mutant FZB42Δ.

Study on the impact of air pollutants on childhood asthma in Nanjing based on a distributed lag non-linear model.

Background: Asthma, a chronic respiratory disease, is a significant public health concern globally. Air pollution has been identified as one of the key risk factors exacerbating respiratory conditions, particularly in children. Previous studies have shown a correlation between air pollution levels and asthma visits.

IL-17A regulates airway remodelling in COPD through the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway.

The airway and lung tissue inflammation and structural changes caused by COPD lead to persistent and irreversible airflow limitation in patients. Several studies have associated IL-17A with COPD airway inflammation and collagen deposition, while autophagy is essential for maintaining normal cell function. Based on these findings, we propose a hypothesis that IL-17 affecting the autophagy of macrophages through the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway may contribute to the regulation of the airway remodeling process in COPD.

Leveraging Diverse Cell-Death Patterns to Decipher the Interactive Relation of Unfavorable Outcome and Tumor Microenvironment in Breast Cancer.

Background: Programmed cell death (PCD) dynamically influences breast cancer (BC) prognosis through interactions with the tumor microenvironment (TME). We investigated 13 PCD patterns to decipher their prognostic impact and mechanistic links to TME-driven outcomes. Our study aimed to explore the complex mechanisms underlying these interactions and establish a prognostic prediction model for breast cancer.

USP5 motivates immunosuppressive microenvironment in multiple myeloma by activating STAT2-PFKFB4-mediated glycolysis.

Background: Glycolysis, a classic characteristic of cancer cells, can drive cancer progression by generating lactate, which play as a key immunosuppressive mediator. Currently, ubiquitin-specific proteases 5 (USP5) has been demonstrated to facilitate tumor cell survival in multiple myeloma (MM), whereas whether USP5 was involved in glycolysis-lactate production pathway and immunosuppressive microenvironment formation in MM remain unknown.

Methods: The gene and protein expression characteristics were assessed via qRT-PCR and western blot.

Design and experiment of a four-station laser tracker multilateration measurement system and evaluation of uncertainties.

To enhance the pre-alignment accuracy of the Hefei advanced light facility as a fourth-generation low-energy synchrotron radiation device, a four-station laser tracker multilateration measurement system (FLTMMS) has been constructed, which can reduce beam energy loss. To ensure the FLTMMS possesses excellent performance, we have adopted geometric relationships and incident angles to reflective target spheres as the core design principles. By applying these principles, we have established an accurate design model for the FLTMMS to reduce the loss of accuracy caused by a large incident angle to the target ball exceeding its specific angle.

Overexpression of ZmEREB211 confers enhanced susceptibility to Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 in Arabidopsis.

Genes in the ERF family encode trasnscripiton regulators involved in plant developmental and physiological processes. However, the function of the ERF family gene in regulation of plant susceptibility to pathogens has rarely been reported. In this study, An ERF family gene ZmEREB211 (AP2-EREBP-transcription factor 211), whose expression was significantly upregulated in response to biotic stress (Bipolaris maydis), was isolated from maize (Zea mays L.

Confined Hydrothermal Assembly of Hierarchical Porous MXene/RGO Composite Fibers with Enhanced Oxidation Resistance for High-Performance Wearable Supercapacitors.

MXene fibers have emerged as a promising material for energy storage applications due to their exceptional electrical conductivity and surface chemistry. However, the inherent challenges of oxidation instability and severe restacking of MXene nanosheets significantly limit their practical applications in flexible energy storage devices. Here, an innovative confined hydrothermal strategy combined with chemical crosslinking to construct 3D hierarchical porous MXene/reduced graphene oxide (RGO) composite fibers is reported.

Causal association between cerebral small vessel disease and epilepsy.

Cerebral small vessel disease (SVD) is known to increase the risk of epilepsy, but the causal relationship between the two remains unclear. This study utilizes Mendelian Randomization (MR) to assess the genetic link between SVD and epilepsy, incorporating additional analyses including colocalization, gene-set, and pathway analysis to provide further evidence for shared mechanisms. We performed a two-sample MR study using 13 SNPs strongly associated with SVD as instrumental variables to assess their causal relationship with epilepsy.

The influence of saliva pepsin concentration on subjective severity of seasonal allergic rhinitis.

Backgrounds: Some studies believe that there is a correlation between larygopharyngeal reflux disease (LPRD) and allergic rhinitis (AR). Salivary pepsin concentration (SPC) test is a gradually accepted objective examination method for LPRD in recent years.

Objectives: To investigate the impact of coexisting LPRD on subjective severity of seasonal AR and the potential role of pepsin.

Prevention and control strategies for psychrophilic Pseudomonas fluorescens in food: A review.

Psychrophilic Pseudomonas fluorescens can secrete extracellular enzymes, biofilms, and other substances even under refrigeration conditions, which have a negative impact on the quality of dairy products, aquatic products, meat products, produce, and other foods, causing food spoilage and huge economic losses. Therefore, strengthening the prevention and control of psychrophilic P. fluorescens in food is of great significance.

The mycobiome in human cancer: analytical challenges, molecular mechanisms, and therapeutic implications.

The polymorphic microbiome is considered a new hallmark of cancer. Advances in High-Throughput Sequencing have fostered rapid developments in microbiome research. The interaction between cancer cells, immune cells, and microbiota is defined as the immuno-oncology microbiome (IOM) axis.

Impact of dexmedetomidine-ropivacaine versus sufentanil-ropivacaine combination for epidural labour analgesia on neonatal outcomes: a pilot randomised clinical trial.

Objective: To investigate the impact of dexmedetomidine-ropivacaine combination versus sufentanil-ropivacaine combination for epidural labour analgesia on neonatal and maternal outcomes and test the feasibility of a future large, randomised trial.

Design: A randomised, double-blind, pilot clinical trial from 16 March 2023 to 15 June 2023.

Setting: A tertiary-care hospital in Beijing, China.

AI-based automated breast cancer segmentation in ultrasound imaging based on Attention Gated Multi ResU-Net.

Breast cancer is a leading cause of death among women worldwide, making early detection and diagnosis critical for effective treatment and improved patient outcomes. Ultrasound imaging is a common diagnostic tool for breast cancer, but interpreting ultrasound images can be challenging due to the complexity of breast tissue and the variability of image quality. This study proposed an Attention Gated Multi ResU-Net model for medical image segmentation tasks, that has shown promising results for breast cancer ultrasound image segmentation.