Dissecting human cortical similarity networks across the lifespan.

The human cortex exhibits remarkable morphometric similarity between regions; however, the form and extent of lifespan network remodeling remain unknown. Here, we show the spatiotemporal maturation of morphometric brain networks, using multimodal neuroimaging data from 33,937 healthy participants aged 0-80 years. Global architecture matures from birth to early adulthood through enhanced modularity and small worldness.

Structural connectome architecture shapes cortical atrophy in major depression disorder: a Chinese DIRECT consortium study.

Background: Cortical morphological alterations are evident in major depressive disorder (MDD), yet the underlying neurobiological processes that contribute to their characteristic spatial pattern remain unclear.

Methods: Large-scale, multi-site structural MRI data from a homogeneous Chinese cohort of 1,442 MDD patients and 1,277 healthy controls were used to calculate cortical morphological measures, which were compared between groups to determine cortical morphological alterations in MDD. A connectome constraint model was then used to examine whether structural connectome shapes MDD-related cortical morphological alterations, followed by performance of a network diffusion model to identify the epicenters.

Subgenual anterior cingulate cortex functional connectivity abnormalities in depression: insights from brain imaging big data and precision-guided personalized intervention via transcranial magnetic stimulation.

The subgenual anterior cingulate cortex (sgACC) plays a central role in the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD). Its functional interactive profile with the left dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) is associated with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) treatment outcomes. Previous research on sgACC functional connectivity (FC) in MDD has yielded inconsistent results, partly due to small sample sizes and limited statistical power.

Multilevel brain functional connectivity and task-based representations explaining heterogeneity in major depressive disorder.

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a devastating mental disorder characterized by considerable clinical and biological heterogeneity. While comparable clinical symptoms may represent a common pathological endpoint, it is conceivable that distinct neurophysiological mechanisms underlie their manifestation. In this study, both static and model-based dynamic functional connectivity were employed as predictive variables in the normative model to map multilevel functional developmental trajectories and determined clusters of distinguishable MDD subgroups in a large multi-site resting fMRI dataset of 2428 participants (healthy controls: N = 1128; MDD: N = 1300).

Exploration of the substances and key processing steps related to the sweetness of Niangniang tea.

Niangniang tea (NNT) is processed using a unique twice bunch-drying method, which tastes very sweet. In order to explore the key substances related to the sweetness of NNT, we processed green tea (GT), yellow tea (YT) and NNT and conducted a sensory evaluation and metabolomic analysis. NNT was the sweetest, with the lowest contents of total polyphenol and caffeine and highest content of soluble sugar.

Dynamic Change of Aroma Components in Flower Scented Teas During Absorption and Storage.

Flower-scented teas become increasingly popular to new generations, due to their infused floral essences of diverse volatile compounds and additional health functions. Flower-scented teas have significantly broadened the spectrum of aroma perception, intensity, and longevity. Here, flowers were used to scent tea dhools to create different Chimonanthus teas with strong and characteristic aromas.

Temporal Dynamics of Intrinsic Brain Activity in Older Women With Subclinical Depression.

Subclinical depression is common in older adults, especially in females, and may correlate with a higher likelihood of health events and poor prognosis. However, the underlying neurobiology remains unclear. This study, employing resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI), identified alterations in temporal dynamics of intrinsic brain activity in older women with subthreshold depression (OWSD) and their potential relationships to depressive symptoms.

Human lifespan changes in the brain's functional connectome.

Functional connectivity of the human brain changes through life. Here, we assemble task-free functional and structural magnetic resonance imaging data from 33,250 individuals at 32 weeks of postmenstrual age to 80 years from 132 global sites. We report critical inflection points in the nonlinear growth curves of the global mean and variance of the connectome, peaking in the late fourth and late third decades of life, respectively.

Simultaneous detection of amino acids and short-chain fatty acids in tea using rapid pre-column derivatization coupled with GC-MS: Exploring their spatial distribution in tea trees and the impact of processing techniques on their content.

Amino acids (AAs) and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are key to tea's flavor and health benefits. This study developed a novel GC-MS and GC-FID method using rapid (3 min), high-sensitivity (0.00062 μg mL < LOD < 0.

Disrupted functional connectivity of the emotion regulation network in major depressive disorder and its association with symptom improvement: A multisite resting-state functional MRI study.

Background: The emotion regulation network (ERN) in the brain provides a framework for understanding the neuropathology of affective disorders. Although previous neuroimaging studies have investigated the neurobiological correlates of the ERN in major depressive disorder (MDD), whether patients with MDD exhibit abnormal functional connectivity (FC) patterns in the ERN and whether the abnormal FC in the ERN can serve as a therapeutic response signature remain unclear.

Methods: A large functional magnetic resonance imaging dataset comprising 709 patients with MDD and 725 healthy controls (HCs) recruited across five sites was analyzed.

Revealing the potential therapeutic mechanism of in Alzheimer's disease: a computational biology approach.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a degenerative brain disease without a cure. (LJF), a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, possesses a neuroprotective effect, but its mechanisms for AD are not well understood. This study aimed to investigate potential targets and constituents of LJF against AD.

Shared differential factors underlying individual spontaneous neural activity abnormalities in major depressive disorder.

Background: In contemporary neuroimaging studies, it has been observed that patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) exhibit aberrant spontaneous neural activity, commonly quantified through the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF). However, the substantial individual heterogeneity among patients poses a challenge to reaching a unified conclusion.

Methods: To address this variability, our study adopts a novel framework to parse individualized ALFF abnormalities.

Common and divergent neuroimaging features in major depression, posttraumatic stress disorder, and their comorbidity.

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) are common stress-related psychiatric disorders. Genetic and neurobiology research has supported the viewpoint that PTSD and MDD may possess common and disorder-specific underlying mechanisms. In this systematic review, we summarize evidence for the similarities and differences in brain functional and structural features of MDD, PTSD, and their comorbidity, as well as the effects of extensively used therapies in patients with comorbid PTSD and MDD (PTSD + MDD).

Abnormal developmental of hippocampal subfields and amygdalar subnuclei volumes in young adults with heavy cannabis use: A three-year longitudinal study.

Background: Differences in the volumes of the hippocampus and amygdala have consistently been observed between young adults with heavy cannabis use relative to their non-using counterparts. However, it remains unclear whether the subfields of these functionally and structurally heterogenous regions exhibit similar patterns of change in young adults with long-term heavy cannabis use disorder (CUD).

Objectives: This study aims to investigate the effects of long-term heavy cannabis use in young adults on the subregional structures of the hippocampus and amygdala, as well as their longitudinal alterations.

Transcriptomic decoding of regional cortical vulnerability to major depressive disorder.

Previous studies in small samples have identified inconsistent cortical abnormalities in major depressive disorder (MDD). Despite genetic influences on MDD and the brain, it is unclear how genetic risk for MDD is translated into spatially patterned cortical vulnerability. Here, we initially examined voxel-wise differences in cortical function and structure using the largest multi-modal MRI data from 1660 MDD patients and 1341 controls.

Characterization of a new plant resource with low caffeine and high theobromine for production of a novel natural low-caffeine tea.

Unlabelled: Yuanbaoshancha (YBSC) is characterized as a new wild tea relative morphologically and phytochemically distinguished from the closest wild tea plants Rongjiangcha (, RJC) and Tulecha (, TLC). YBSC young leaves contain higher tea polyphenol and theobromine contents but lower caffeine and theanine as compared with RJC, TLC, and other tea landraces and modern cultivars. The major alkaloid detected in YBSC, TLC, and RJC is theobromine while caffeine is a minor; the primary catechins in YBSC leaves are non-galloylated catechins, significantly different from and other low-caffeine tea resources.

Neuroanatomical dimensions in medication-free individuals with major depressive disorder and treatment response to SSRI antidepressant medications or placebo.

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a heterogeneous clinical syndrome with widespread subtle neuroanatomical correlates. Our objective was to identify the neuroanatomical dimensions that characterize MDD and predict treatment response to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) antidepressants or placebo. In the COORDINATE-MDD consortium, raw MRI data were shared from international samples ( = 1,384) of medication-free individuals with first-episode and recurrent MDD ( = 685) in a current depressive episode of at least moderate severity, but not treatment-resistant depression, as well as healthy controls ( = 699).

Social intelligence mediates the protective role of resting-state brain activity in the social cognition network against social anxiety.

Background: Social intelligence refers to an important psychosocial skill set encompassing an array of abilities, including effective self-expression, understanding of social contexts, and acting wisely in social interactions. While there is ample evidence of its importance in various mental health outcomes, particularly social anxiety, little is known on the brain correlates underlying social intelligence and how it can mitigate social anxiety.

Objective: This research aims to investigate the functional neural markers of social intelligence and their relations to social anxiety.

Functional connectome through the human life span.

The lifespan growth of the functional connectome remains unknown. Here, we assemble task-free functional and structural magnetic resonance imaging data from 33,250 individuals aged 32 postmenstrual weeks to 80 years from 132 global sites. We report critical inflection points in the nonlinear growth curves of the global mean and variance of the connectome, peaking in the late fourth and late third decades of life, respectively.

Metabolite Profiling of External and Internal Petals in Three Different Colors of Tea Flowers () Using Widely Targeted Metabolomics.

The flower is the reproductive organ of the tea plant, while it is also processed into different kinds of products and thus of great significance to be utilized. In this study, the non-volatile secondary metabolites in the internal and external petals of white, white and pink, and pink tea flowers were studied using a widely targeted metabolomics method with ultra-high liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). A total of 429 metabolites were identified, including 195 flavonoids, 121 phenolic acids, 40 alkaloids, 29 lignans and coumarins, 19 tannins, 17 terpenoids, and 8 other metabolites.

Frequency-resolved connectome alterations in major depressive disorder: A multisite resting fMRI study.

Background: Functional connectome studies have revealed widespread connectivity alterations in major depressive disorder (MDD). However, the low frequency bandpass filtering (0.01-0.