Heavy metals, epigenetic aging, and mortality: A cohort study.

Background: Aging is a multifaceted biological process modulated by interplay of genetic determinants and environmental influences. However, the role of epigenetic aging in the association between environmental exposures and mortality risk in human populations remains incompletely understood.

Objective: Investigate the associations between urinary metal exposure, epigenetic-age acceleration markers (EAMs), and mortality risk.

The association between per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances and biological aging among middle and older age adults: The moderating effect of caffeine.

Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are pervasive environmental pollutants associated with aging-related diseases and mortality risks, yet their relationship with biological aging remains underexplored. Notably, dietary antioxidants like caffeine have been shown to alleviate oxidative stress and inflammation, and these pathways are closely related to PFAS-induced toxicity and aging processes. However, whether dietary caffeine intake could mitigate the adverse effect of PFAS on biological aging is still unknown.

Quantitative Trait Loci Identification and Candidate Genes Characterization for Indole-3-Carbinol Content in Seedlings of .

is a member of the cruciferous family with rich glucosinolate (GSL) content, particularly glucobrassicin (3-indolylmethyl glucosinolate, I3M), that can be metabolized into indole-3-carbinol (I3C), a compound with promising anticancer properties. To unravel the genetic mechanism influencing I3C content in rapeseed seedlings, a comprehensive study was undertaken with a doubled haploid (DH) population. By quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping, seven QTL that were located on A01, A07, and C04 were identified, with the most significant contribution to phenotypic variation observed on chromosome A07 (11.

Crosstalk of pyroptosis and cytokine in the tumor microenvironment: from mechanisms to clinical implication.

In the realm of cancer research, the tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a crucial role in tumor initiation and progression, shaped by complex interactions between cancer cells and surrounding non-cancerous cells. Cytokines, as essential immunomodulatory agents, are secreted by various cellular constituents within the TME, including immune cells, cancer-associated fibroblasts, and cancer cells themselves. These cytokines facilitate intricate communication networks that significantly influence tumor initiation, progression, metastasis, and immune suppression.

Liquid-liquid phase separation in aging: Novel insights in the pathogenesis and therapeutics.

The intricate organization of distinct cellular compartments is paramount for the maintenance of normal biological functions and the orchestration of complex biochemical reactions. These compartments, whether membrane-bound organelles or membraneless structures like Cajal bodies and RNA transport granules, play crucial roles in cellular function. Liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) serves as a reversible process that elucidates the genesis of membranelles structures through the self-assembly of biomolecules.

Integrating QTL mapping and transcriptomics to decipher the genetic architecture of sterol metabolism in L.

Sterols are secondary metabolites commonly found in rapeseed that play crucial physiological roles in plants and also benefit human health. Consequently, unraveling the genetic basis of sterol synthesis in rapeseed is highly important. In this study, 21 individual sterols as well as total sterol (TS) content were detected in a double haploid (DH) population of , and a total of 24 quantitative trait loci (QTL) and 157 mQTL were identified that were associated with TS and different individual sterols.

Genetic dissection of Brassica napus seed vigor after aging.

Stable and novel QTLs that affect seed vigor under different storage durations were discovered, and BnaOLE4, located in the interval of cqSW-C2-3, increased seed vigor after aging. Seed vigor is an important trait in crop breeding; however, the underlying molecular regulatory mechanisms governing this trait in rapeseed remain largely unknown. In the present study, vigor-related traits were analyzed in seeds from a doubled haploid (DH) rapeseed (Brassica napus) population grown in 2 different environments using seeds stored for 7, 5, and 3 years under natural storage conditions.

Causal relationship between gut microbiota and diabetic nephropathy: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study.

Objective: Emerging evidence has provided compelling evidence linking gut microbiota (GM) and diabetic nephropathy (DN) via the "gut-kidney" axis. But the causal relationship between them hasn't been clarified yet. We perform a Two-Sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to reveal the causal connection with GM and the development of DN, type 1 diabetes nephropathy (T1DN), type 2 diabetes nephropathy (T2DN), type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

3D genome structural variations play important roles in regulating seed oil content of Brassica napus.

Dissecting the complex regulatory mechanism of seed oil content (SOC) is one of the main research goals in Brassica napus. Increasing evidence suggests that genome architecture is linked to multiple biological functions. However, the effect of genome architecture on SOC regulation remains unclear.

Genome-scale targeted mutagenesis in using a pooled CRISPR library.

The recently constructed mutant libraries of diploid crops by the CRISPR-Cas9 system have provided abundant resources for functional genomics and crop breeding. However, because of the genome complexity, it is a big challenge to accomplish large-scale targeted mutagenesis in polyploid plants. Here, we demonstrate the feasibility of using a pooled CRISPR library to achieve genome-scale targeted editing in an allotetraploid crop of A total of 18,414 sgRNAs were designed to target 10,480 genes of interest, and afterward, 1104 regenerated transgenic plants harboring 1088 sgRNAs were obtained.

Dissecting the Meiotic Recombination Patterns in a Double Haploid Population Using 60K SNP Array.

Meiotic recombination not only maintains the stability of the chromosome structure but also creates genetic variations for adapting to changeable environments. A better understanding of the mechanism of crossover (CO) patterns at the population level is useful for crop improvement. However, there are limited cost-effective and universal methods to detect the recombination frequency at the population level in .

The emerging role of pyroptosis in pediatric cancers: from mechanism to therapy.

Pediatric cancers are the driving cause of death for children and adolescents. Due to safety requirements and considerations, treatment strategies and drugs for pediatric cancers have been so far scarcely studied. It is well known that tumor cells tend to progressively evade cell death pathways, which is known as apoptosis resistance, one of the hallmarks of cancer, dominating tumor drug resistance.

Lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase 2 and 5 commonly, but differently, promote seed oil accumulation in Brassica napus.

Background: Increasing seed oil content (SOC) of Brassica napus has become one of the main plant breeding goals over the past decades. Lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase (LPAT) performs an important molecular function by regulating the production of phosphatidic acid (PA), a key intermediate in the synthesis of membrane and storage lipids. However, the mechanism underlying the effect of LPAT on the SOC of B.

Further insight into decreases in seed glucosinolate content based on QTL mapping and RNA-seq in Brassica napus L.

The QTL hotspots determining seed glucosinolate content instead of only four HAG1 loci and elucidation of a potential regulatory model for rapeseed SGC variation. Glucosinolates (GSLs) are amino acid-derived, sulfur-rich secondary metabolites that function as biopesticides and flavor compounds, but the high seed glucosinolate content (SGC) reduces seed quality for rapeseed meal. To dissect the genetic mechanism and further reduce SGC in rapeseed, QTL mapping was performed using an updated high-density genetic map based on a doubled haploid (DH) population derived from two parents that showed significant differences in SGC.

Ketogenic diet in women with polycystic ovary syndrome and liver dysfunction who are obese: A randomized, open-label, parallel-group, controlled pilot trial.

Aim: To evaluate the effect of a ketogenic diet (KD) in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and liver dysfunction who were obese.

Methods: Women with PCOS and liver dysfunction who were obese were enrolled in this prospective, open-label, parallel-group, controlled pilot trial, and randomly received KD (KD group) or conventional pharmacological treatment (Essentiale plus Yasmin, control group) in a 1:1 ratio for 12 weeks. The primary endpoint was the liver function markers.

The complete mitochondrial genome of Platysmacheilus nudiventris (Teleostei, Cyprinidae, Gobioninae).

The complete mitochondrial genome of Platysmacheilus nudiventris (Teleostei, Cyprinidae, Gobioninae), an endemic Chinese cyprinid fish, was first determined by DNA sequencing based on the PCR fragments. The total length of the mitochondrial genome is 16,603 bp, including 22 transfer RNA genes, 2 ribosomal RNA genes, 13 protein-coding genes and a non-coding control region (D-loop). The overall-based composition is 30.

The complete mitochondrial genome of Xenophysogobio nudicorpa (Cypriniformes; Cyprinidae).

In this study, the complete mitochondrial DNA genome sequence of Xenophysogobio nudicorpa was first determined by DNA sequencing based on the PCR fragments. The complete mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) genome sequence of X. nudicorpa is a circular molecule of 16,616 bp in length.

The complete mitochondrial genome of Sinibrama taeniatus (Cyprinidae: Cultrinae).

In this study, the complete mitochondrial DNA genome sequence of Sinibrama taeniatus was first determined by DNA sequencing based on the PCR fragments. The complete mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) genome sequence of S. taeniatus was a circular molecule of 16,623 bp in length.

The complete mitochondrial genome of Glyptothorax sinense (Siluriformes, Sisoridae).

Glyptothorax sinense (Siluriformes, Sisoridae), is a kind of small-sized freshwater fish which mainly distributes in the middle and upper reaches of the Yangtze River in China. In this study, the complete mitochondrial genome of G. sinense was first determined using a PCR-based method.

Complete mitochondrial genome of Pareuchiloglanis sinensis (Siluriformes: Sisoridae).

The complete mitochondrial genome of Pareuchiloglanis sinensis, an endemic Chinese sisorid fish, was determined by DNA sequencing based on the PCR fragments. The complete mtDNA genome sequence of P. sinensis is 16,593 bp in length, with a gene content of 13 protein-coding, 2 ribosomal RNA, and 22 transfer RNA genes, and a typical gene arrangement identical to many other reported fishes.

The complete mitochondrial genome of Rhinogobio typus (Teleostei, Cyprinidae, Gobioninae).

In the present study, the complete mitochondrial genome sequence of Rhinogobio typus (Teleostei, Cyprinidae, Gobioninae) was obtained using a PCR-based method. The total length of the mitochondrial genome is 16,608 bp, including 22 transfer RNA genes, 2 ribosomal RNA genes, 13 protein-coding genes, and a non-coding control region (D-loop), which is similar to that observed in many other reported fishes. The overall-based composition is 31.

The complete mitochondrial genome of Pseudobagrus emarginatus (Siluriformes: Bagridae).

In this study, the total mitochondrial genome sequence of Pseudobagrus emarginatus (Siluriformes: Bagridae) was firstly sequenced and determined. The complete mtDNA genome sequence of P. emarginatus is 16,534 bp in length.