Spheroid culture of human periodontal ligament stem cells on agarose enhances stemness and osteogenic differentiation potential.

Objective: To develop an agarose (AG)-based spheroid culture system to enhance the stemness and osteogenic potential of human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs), addressing limitations of current periodontal tissue engineering approaches.

Methods: hPDLSCs were isolated from extracted premolars and cultured as spheroids in AG-coated 96-well plates. Spheroid formation was optimized by varying cell seeding densities and culture durations.

Predictive nursing in the prevention of lower extremity deep vein thrombosis in patients with severe trauma.

This study evaluates the effectiveness of predictive nursing in preventing lower extremity deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in severe trauma patients compared with conventional care. This retrospective study included severe trauma patients hospitalized between October 2023 and January 2024. Patients were divided into an observation group (51 cases, predictive nursing) and a control group (69 cases, conventional care).

Multi-Scale Spatiotemporal Feature Enhancement and Recursive Motion Compensation for Satellite Video Geographic Registration.

Satellite video geographic alignment can be applied to target detection and tracking, true 3D scene construction, image geometry measurement, etc., which is a necessary preprocessing step for satellite video applications. In this paper, a multi-scale spatiotemporal feature enhancement and recursive motion compensation method for satellite video geographic alignment is proposed.

Cinnamaldehyde mitigates acute myocardial infarction by regulating ferroptosis through the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway.

Objective: This investigation sought to elucidate the protective efficacy of Cinnamaldehyde (CA) against acute myocardial infarction (AMI) while investigating its therapeutic mechanisms through the integration of network pharmacology technology as well as in vitro and in vivo experiments.

Methods: An AMI rat model was constructed via left anterior descending coronary artery ligation after the experimental rats were subjected to continuous intragastric administration of CA over a 14-day period. In parallel, an AMI cell model was established by subjecting neonatal primary rat cardiomyocytes to glucose/oxygen deprivation (OGD).

A Higher Charlson Comorbidity Index Is a Risk Factor for Hip Fracture in Older Adults During Low-Temperature Periods: A Cross-Sectional Study.

: The incidence of hip fractures is increasing, and there have been reports linking cold weather to a higher risk of fractures. This study aimed to evaluate clinical variables in hip fracture patients who may predispose them to such fractures under different temperatures. : This is a cross-sectional study conducted at a single medical center, enrolling older adults (≥60 years) who had experienced a hip fracture.

Does septic arthritis after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction lead to poor outcomes? A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.

Background: Septic arthritis is a rare but devastating complication after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). While early treatment can prevent significant graft complications, outcomes are often inferior to those in uncomplicated ACLR. Furthermore, whether to retain or remove the graft after infection remains debatable.

Diagnostic value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and albumin-to-globulin ratio for periprosthetic joint infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a serious complication after joint arthroplasty, resulting in high morbidity and mortality. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and albumin-to-globulin ratio (AGR) are novel diagnostic markers for PJI; however, their diagnostic value remains inconsistent.

Methods: This meta-analysis was conducted using the PubMed, Embase, and MEDLINE databases to determine the diagnostic accuracy of NLR and AGR for PJI in the knee or hip.

Safety, tolerability, and efficacy of intranasally-administered detoxified LTh(αK) in mild-to-moderate COVID-19 patients: A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled phase 2 study.

The objective of the study was to assess the safety, tolerability, and potential efficacy of intranasally administered AD17002, a detoxified form of heat-labile enterotoxin, in treating individuals with mild-to-moderate coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19). In this randomized, double-blinded, and placebo-controlled phase 2a study, a total of 30 adults aged 20-70 years with mild-to-moderate COVID-19 were recruited from three medical centers in Taiwan in 2022-2023. The trial comprised two cohorts, and participants were randomly assigned to receive intranasal administrations of either three doses of AD17002 immunomodulator or a placebo formulation buffer.

Mitochondrial dysfunction is a key link involved in the pathogenesis of sick sinus syndrome: a review.

Sick sinus syndrome (SSS) is a grave medical condition that can precipitate sudden death. The pathogenesis of SSS remains incompletely understood. Existing research postulates that the fundamental mechanism involves increased fibrosis of the sinoatrial node and its surrounding tissues, as well as disturbances in the coupled-clock system, comprising the membrane clock and the Ca clock.

The Second Hip Fracture is not an Independent Predictor of Poor Outcomes in Elderly Patients - A Case-Control Study.

Introduction: Hip fracture is particularly seen in elderly patients with frailty and osteoporosis and leads to diminished functional independence and quality of life. Despite the susceptibility of these patients to a second hip fracture (SHF), the literature insufficiently discussed its impact leading to poor outcomes. This study aims to directly assess the outcomes of elderly patients with initial hip fractures (IHF) vs those experiencing an SHF within a well-matched group with similar characteristics.

Predictive value of lactate/albumin ratio for death and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome in patients with sepsis.

Background: Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) is common after sepsis and increases mortality. Lactate (Lac) can assess the prognosis of patients. Albumin (Alb) is closely associated with inflammatory response in sepsis patients.

Efficacy and Safety of Laser Balloon Versus Irrigated Radiofrequency Ablation as Initial Therapies for Atrial Fibrillation: A Meta-Analysis.

Background: Catheter ablation (CA) is an effective therapy for atrial fibrillation (AF) and, although radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is the standard treatment for pulmonary vein isolation (PVI), it is complex and time-consuming. Laser balloon ablation (LBA) has been introduced to simplify the conventional RFA; however, results of studies comparing LBA and RFA remain controversial. As such, this investigation aimed to comprehensively evaluate the efficacy and safety of LBA versus RFA.

High-Verdet Constant and Low-Optical Loss Tb Doped Magnetite Nanoparticles.

Magneto-optical (MO) polymer nanocomposites have emerged as alternatives to conventional MO crystals, particularly in nanophotonics applications, thanks to their better processing flexibility and superior Verdet constants. However, a higher Verdet constant commonly comes with excessive optical loss due to increased absorption and scattering, resulting in a constant or reduced figure-of-merit (FOM) defined as the Verdet constant over optical loss. By doping magnetite (FeO) nanoparticles with Tb ions, we report a new strategy to enhance the Verdet constant without increasing the optical loss.

A comprehensive study on machine learning models combining with oversampling for bronchopulmonary dysplasia-associated pulmonary hypertension in very preterm infants.

Background: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia-associated pulmonary hypertension (BPD-PH) remains a devastating clinical complication seriously affecting the therapeutic outcome of preterm infants. Hence, early prevention and timely diagnosis prior to pathological change is the key to reducing morbidity and improving prognosis. Our primary objective is to utilize machine learning techniques to build predictive models that could accurately identify BPD infants at risk of developing PH.

Broadband frequency comb generation through cascaded quadratic nonlinearity in thin-film lithium niobate microresonators.

Broadband frequency comb generation through cascaded quadratic nonlinearity remains experimentally untapped in free-space cavities with bulk χ materials mainly due to the high threshold power and restricted ability of dispersion engineering. Thin-film lithium niobate (LN) is a good platform for nonlinear optics due to the tight mode confinement in a nano-dimensional waveguide, the ease of dispersion engineering, large quadratic nonlinearities, and flexible phase matching via periodic poling. Here we demonstrate broadband frequency comb generation through dispersion engineering in a thin-film LN microresonator.

Preoperative handgrip strength can predict early postoperative shoulder function in patients undergoing arthroscopic rotator cuff repair.

Background: Rotator cuff tears (RCTs) are a common musculoskeletal disorder, and arthroscopic rotator cuff repair (ARCR) is widely performed for tendon repair. Handgrip strength correlates with rotator cuff function; however, whether preoperative grip strength can predict functional outcomes in patients undergoing ARCR remains unknown. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between preoperative grip strength and postoperative shoulder function following ARCR.

Automated osteoporosis classification and -score prediction using hip radiographs deep learning algorithm.

Background: Despite being the gold standard for diagnosing osteoporosis, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is an underutilized screening tool for osteoporosis.

Objectives: This study proposed and validated a controllable feature layer of a convolutional neural network (CNN) model with a preprocessing image algorithm to classify osteoporosis and predict -score on the proximal hip region simple hip radiographs.

Design: This was a single-center, retrospective study.

Recurrence Pattern Is an Independent Surgical Prognostic Factor for Long-Term Oncological Outcomes in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Background: The perioperative outcomes of a partial hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have improved. However, high recurrence rates after a curative hepatectomy for HCC is still an issue. This study aimed to analyze the difference between various recurrence patterns.

c-Rel is a Novel Oncogene in Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma Regulating Cell Proliferation and Migration.

Lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) accounts for approximately 25% to 30% of lung cancers, but largely no targeted therapy is available against it, calling for identification of new oncogenes in LUSC growth for new therapeutic targets. In this study, REL was identified through a screening for oncogenes that are highly amplified in human LUSC. Its expression was associated with poor prognosis in LUSC patients.

A colonial serrated polyp classification model using white-light ordinary endoscopy images with an artificial intelligence model and TensorFlow chart.

In this study, we implemented a combination of data augmentation and artificial intelligence (AI) model-Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)-to help physicians classify colonic polyps into traditional adenoma (TA), sessile serrated adenoma (SSA), and hyperplastic polyp (HP). We collected ordinary endoscopy images under both white and NBI lights. Under white light, we collected 257 images of HP, 423 images of SSA, and 60 images of TA.

Comprehensive bioinformatics analysis reveals the role of cuproptosis-related gene Ube2d3 in myocardial infarction.

Background: Myocardial infarction (MI) caused by severe coronary artery disease has high incidence and mortality rates, making its prevention and treatment a central and challenging aspect of clinical work for cardiovascular practitioners. Recently, researchers have turned their attention to a novel mechanism of cell death caused by Cu, cuproptosis.

Methods: This study integrated data from three MI-related bulk datasets downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, and identified 16 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to cuproptosis by taking intersection of the 6378 DEGs obtained by differential analysis with 49 cuproptosis-related genes.

The predictive value of laboratory parameters for no-reflow phenomenon in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction following primary percutaneous coronary intervention: A meta-analysis.

To date, the predictive role of laboratory indicators for the phenomenon of no flow is unclear. Hence, our objective was to conduct a meta-analysis to investigate the association between laboratory parameters and the risk of the no-reflow phenomenon in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) following primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). This, in turn, aims to offer valuable insights for early clinical prediction of no-reflow.

Association Between Long‑Term Exposure to Air Pollution and the Rate of Mortality After Hip Fracture Surgery in Patients Older Than 60 Years: Nationwide Cohort Study in Taiwan.

Background: To enhance postoperative patient survival, particularly in older adults, understanding the predictors of mortality following hip fracture becomes paramount. Air pollution, a prominent global environmental issue, has been linked to heightened morbidity and mortality across a spectrum of diseases. Nevertheless, the precise impact of air pollution on hip fracture outcomes remains elusive.