Preparation and in vitro characterization of inhalable cannabidiol dry powder for treating chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Cannabidiol (CBD), a non-psychoactive cannabinoid, has shown therapeutic potential for treating inflammatory respiratory diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma. However, the therapeutic efficacy of CBD is limited by extensive hepatic metabolism and low oral bioavailability (approximately 20 %). These problems can be overcome by choosing an appropriate targeted drug delivery system.

Preparation and hemostatic evaluation of carboxymethyl chitosan/gelatin/clinodiside a composite sponges.

In trauma resuscitation, rapid hemostasis is a top priority for rescuing patients from the risk of hemorrhagic shock and infection. Traditional hemostatic materials are not effective for hemostasis and have some limitations. We added "Duanxue Liu" saponin A (Clinodiside A) to a hemostatic sponge based on carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) and gelatin to improve its hemostatic effect.

Bayesian Inference of Phenotypic Plasticity of Cancer Cells Based on Dynamic Model for Temporal Cell Proportion Data.

Mounting evidence underscores the prevalent hierarchical organization of cancer tissues. At the foundation of this hierarchy reside cancer stem cells, a subset of cells endowed with the pivotal role of engendering the entire cancer tissue through cell differentiation. In recent times, substantial attention has been directed toward the phenomenon of cancer cell plasticity, where the dynamic interconversion between cancer stem cells and nonstem cancer cells has garnered significant interest.

Inferring absolute cell numbers from relative proportion in stochastic models with cell plasticity.

Quantifying dynamic changes in cell populations is crucial for a comprehensive understanding of biological processes such as cell proliferation, injury repair, and disease progression. However, compared to directly measuring the absolute cell numbers of specific subpopulations, relative proportion data demonstrate greater reproducibility and yield more stable, reliable outcomes. Therefore, inferring absolute cell numbers from relative proportion data may present a novel approach for effectively predicting changes in cell population sizes.

Minimally invasive treatment of fungal keratitis with voriconazole microneedle corneal patch.

Fungal keratitis, a disease caused by fungal infection of the cornea, is an eye disease with a high rate of blindness. Despite voriconazole (VCZ) has a good therapeutic effect in the treatment of fungal infection, the use of VCZ in the eye is limited due to the poor solubility of VCZ and the special physiological structure of the eye. In this study, a soluble microneedle (MN) containing VCZ micelles was designed for the eye to effectively deliver VCZ for the treatment of fungal keratitis.

Contribution of alterations in peritubular capillary density and microcirculation to the progression of tubular injury and kidney fibrosis.

Peritubular capillary (PTC) rarefaction is a common pathological feature of chronic kidney disease (CKD). The critical function of PTCs in maintaining blood supply for tubular epithelial cells renders PTCs a promising therapeutic target. However, the role of PTC rarefaction in the progression of kidney fibrosis remains elusive.

Association between the onset of diabetic retinopathy and thickness changes in the retina and choroid of children with type 1 diabetes: A three-year longitudinal study.

Purpose: To explore the longitudinal changes in retinal and choroidal thickness and their relation with the onset of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in children.

Methods: Thirty-eight children with T1DM and 71 healthy controls were included in this 3-year longitudinal study. Ophthalmic and systemic examinations were conducted on each participant.

The effect of delta-9 tetrahydrocannabinol and methamphetamine on sustained attention in the jumping spider (Trite planiceps).

Decreasing responsiveness to repeated visual stimuli (i.e., the inability to sustain attention) in jumping spiders (Salticidae) parallels that found in humans.

12-HETE/GPR31 induces endothelial dysfunction in diabetic retinopathy.

12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (12-HETE), a major metabolite of arachidonic acid, is converted by 12/15-lipoxygenase and implicated in diabetic retinopathy (DR). Our previous study demonstrated a positive correlation between 12-HETE and the prevalence of DR. However, reasons for the increased production of 12-HETE are unclear, and the underlying mechanisms through which 12-HETE promotes DR are unknown.

Amazon forest biogeography predicts resilience and vulnerability to drought.

Amazonia contains the most extensive tropical forests on Earth, but Amazon carbon sinks of atmospheric CO are declining, as deforestation and climate-change-associated droughts threaten to push these forests past a tipping point towards collapse. Forests exhibit complex drought responses, indicating both resilience (photosynthetic greening) and vulnerability (browning and tree mortality), that are difficult to explain by climate variation alone. Here we combine remotely sensed photosynthetic indices with ground-measured tree demography to identify mechanisms underlying drought resilience/vulnerability in different intact forest ecotopes (defined by water-table depth, soil fertility and texture, and vegetation characteristics).

Evaluation of optical coherence tomography angiography metrics in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes: 4-year longitudinal study.

Purpose: To evaluate longitudinal changes in optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) metrics in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D).

Methods: This prospective observational cohort study included thirty-two eyes from thirty T1D children with no history of diabetic retinopathy (DR) who were followed up for 4 years. Participants underwent OCTA examinations at baseline and during follow-up.

Three-Year Follow-Up Study Investigating Changes in Retinal Vascular Morphology and the Relationship with Diabetic Retinopathy in Children with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus.

Introduction: This study aimed to investigate changes in retinal microvascular morphology and associated factors, and their relationship with diabetic retinopathy (DR) in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM).

Methods: Thirty-eight children enrolled in this 3-year follow-up study underwent complete ophthalmic examinations including fundus photography. Retinal vascular parameters were measured automatically and compared between baseline and follow-up.

Case report: A novel splice-site mutation of gene caused mandibuloacral dysplasia progeroid syndrome: the first report from China and literature review.

Background: Mandibuloacral dysplasia (MAD) syndrome is a rare genetic disease. Several progeroid syndromes including mandibuloacral dysplasia type A (MADA), mandibuloacral dysplasia type B(MADB), Hutchinson-Gilford progeria (HGPS) and mandibular hypoplasia, deafness, and lipodystrophy syndrome (MDPL) have been reported previously. A novel MAD progeroid syndrome (MADaM) has recently been reported.

A Polytetrafluoroethylene-Based Solvent-Free Procedure for the Manufacturing of Lithium-Ion Batteries.

Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have recently become popular for energy storage due to their high energy density, storage capacity, and long-term cycle life. Although binders make up only a small proportion of LIBs, they have become the key to promoting the transformation of the battery preparation process. Along with the development of binders, the battery manufacturing process has evolved from the conventional slurry-casting (SC) process to a more attractive solvent-free (SF) method.

Plant traits and associated data from a warming experiment, a seabird colony, and along elevation in Svalbard.

The Arctic is warming at a rate four times the global average, while also being exposed to other global environmental changes, resulting in widespread vegetation and ecosystem change. Integrating functional trait-based approaches with multi-level vegetation, ecosystem, and landscape data enables a holistic understanding of the drivers and consequences of these changes. In two High Arctic study systems near Longyearbyen, Svalbard, a 20-year ITEX warming experiment and elevational gradients with and without nutrient input from nesting seabirds, we collected data on vegetation composition and structure, plant functional traits, ecosystem fluxes, multispectral remote sensing, and microclimate.

Study on the removal effect and mechanism of calcined pyrite powder on Cr(VI).

Pyrite exhibits considerable potential as an adsorbent in wastewater treatment. However, few pyrite adsorbents are directly obtained from natural pyrite, as most are composite materials that require a complex preparation process. To develop a pyrite-based adsorbent with a simple preparation process, pyrite was processed by calcination at 400, 600, and 800 °C for 4 h and ball-milled into a fine powder.

Changes and related factors of blood CCN1 levels in diabetic patients.

Objective: To study the differences in blood cellular communication network factor 1 (CCN1) levels between patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and healthy individuals and to explore the relationship between CCN1 and diabetic retinopathy (DR).

Methods: Plasma CCN1 levels were detected using ELISA in 50 healthy controls, 74 patients with diabetes without diabetic retinopathy (DM group), and 69 patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR group). Correlations between CCN1 levels and age, body mass index, mean arterial pressure, hemoglobin A1c, and other factors were analyzed.

Significantly different results in the ocular surface microbiome detected by tear paper and conjunctival swab.

Background: Great variation has been observed in the composition of the normal microbiota of the ocular surface, and therefore, in addition to differences in detection techniques, the method of collecting ocular surface specimens has a significant impact on the test results.The goal of this study is to ascertain whether the eye surface microbial communities detected by two different sampling methods are consistent and hence explore the feasibility of using tear test paper instead of conjunctival swabs to collect eye surface samples for microbial investigation.

Materials And Methods: From July 15, 2021, to July 30, 2021, nonirritating tear test strips and conjunctival swabs of both eyes were used in 158 elderly people (> 60 years old) (79 diabetic and 79 nondiabetic adults) in Xinjing Community for high-throughput sequencing of the V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene.

Characterisation of AMB-FUBINACA metabolism and CB-mediated activity of its acid metabolite.

Purpose: AMB-FUBINACA is a synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonist (SCRA) which is primarily metabolised by hepatic enzymes producing AMB-FUBINACA carboxylic acid. The metabolising enzymes associated with this biotransformation remain unknown. This study aimed to determine if AMB-FUBINACA metabolism could be reduced in the presence of carboxylesterase (CES) inhibitors and recreational drugs commonly consumed with it.

Microbiological Characteristics of Ocular Surface Associated With Dry Eye in Children and Adolescents With Diabetes Mellitus.

Purpose: To analyze the characteristics of ocular surface microbial composition in children and adolescents with diabetes mellitus and dry eye (DE) by tear analysis.

Methods: We selected 65 children and adolescents aged 8 to 16 years with DE and non-DE diabetes mellitus and 33 healthy children in the same age group from the Shanghai Children and Adolescent Diabetes Eye Study. Tears were collected for high-throughput sequencing of the V3 and V4 region of 16S rRNA.