Reduced IL-17A levels in neonates born to mothers with diabetes mellitus or infection during pregnancy.

Background/objectives: Pregnancy complications are associated with adverse maternal-neonatal outcomes, but the underlying immune mechanisms remain unclear. Here we examined umbilical cord IL-17A levels and their link to gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and perinatal infections (PIs).

Methods: This two-phase study analyzed 87 pregnant women (38 in the exploratory phase and 49 in the validation phase) from Shenzhen's Premature Infants Gut Microbiota Assembly and Neurodevelopment (PIGMAN) cohort, divided into perinatal complication (PC) (45 cases) and non-perinatal complication (NPC) (42 cases) groups.

Association Between Standardised Hand Grip Strength and Lost All Teeth Status in Middle-Aged and Older Adults: A Nationwide Cohort Study.

Background: It is unclear whether hand grip strength can predict the risk of future tooth loss. This study aims to explore the association between hand grip strength levels and lost all teeth in the middle-aged and elderly population in China through a nationwide cohort study.

Method: Based on the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), 8360 participants aged 45 years or older (58.

Suppression of Schwann Cell Ferroptosis Mitigates Demyelination and Trigeminal Neuropathic Pain in the IoN-CCI Model.

Demyelination is widely acknowledged as the underlying pathological mechanism of trigeminal neuralgia (TN), while ferroptosis has been implicated in neurodegenerative disorders associated with demyelination. However, the precise contribution of ferroptosis to TN-related demyelination has yet to be elucidated. To investigate the putative pathway implicated in neuropathic pain, we conducted RNA-seq analysis in the IoN-CCI rat model that is deemed to simulate the pathology of TN.

Noninvasive Prediction for Intracranial Pressure Related Parameters in Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury Using Computed Tomography Radiomic Features.

Current intracranial pressure (ICP)-related parameters monitoring is invasive and tends to cause complications, which limit their use to predict patients' intracranial status and prognosis. To utilize post-operative computed tomography (CT) images radiomic features techniques to predict abnormal ICP-related parameter levels consisting of an index of cerebrospinal compensatory reserve (RAP) and a pressure reactivity index (PRx) in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) noninvasively, 60 patients were enrolled and randomized to training ( = 42) and test ( = 18) sets. Data of 20 patients from another hospital were used to validate the model.

Icariin delivery system based on covalent organic framework materials: dual effects of immune modulation and osteogenesis promotion.

Bone defects, induced by trauma, infection, tumor resection, osteoporosis, and congenital deformities, severely affect patient health both physiologically and psychologically, imposing substantial burdens on healthcare systems and public resources. Bone defect repair involves a complex biological process that orchestrates events such as immune modulation and osteogenic differentiation. Consequently, ideal materials for bone defect regeneration should possess capabilities in both immune regulation and osteogenesis.

Management of trigeminal neuralgia in a rat model using intranasal administration of Bulleyaconitine A.

Introduction: Trigeminal neuralgia (TN), characterized by severe facial pain triggered by mild stimuli, is challenging to treat effectively and non-invasively. Traditional treatments, including microvascular decompression and medications like carbamazepine, have limitations. This study investigates the potential of Bulleyaconitine A (BAA), an alkaloid that selectively inhibits specific sodium channels, for managing TN in a rat model via intranasal administration.

The Key to Percutaneous Balloon Compression Success: Pear or Banana?

Objective: The percutaneous balloon compression (PBC) procedure treats trigeminal neuralgia by compressing the Gasserian ganglion in Meckel's cave. On lateral fluoroscopy, a pear-shaped contrast-filled structure mainly consists of regenerative trigeminal rootlets, with a smaller, crescent-shaped, nonrenewable ganglion ('banana') at its base. To effectively minimize the risk of recurrence, it is crucial to apply precise and targeted pressure directly to the ganglion.

Factors influencing outcomes of simultaneous hypoglossal-facial and cervical-hypoglossal nerve anastomoses for facial palsy.

Objective: The hypoglossal-facial and cervical-hypoglossal nerve anastomoses (HFCHA) technique addresses severe facial palsy after cerebellopontine angle (CPA) tumor resection. However, postoperative facial function recovery and tongue dysfunction vary significantly among patients. This study identifies prognostic factors influencing these outcomes.

Traumatic Abducens Nerve Palsy Due to Avulsion in its Cisternal Segment: Illustrative Cases.

BACKGROUND Traumatic abducens nerve palsy can be caused by fractures around the Dorello's canal, direct injury at the dura entry point or within the Dorello's canal, or ischemia due to posterior meningeal artery damage. Recent imaging studies have also identified avulsion of the abducens nerve at its cisternal segment as a significant cause. CASE REPORT We present 2 cases of traumatic abducens nerve palsy due to avulsion at the cisternal segment.

Epigenetic therapy sensitizes anti-PD-1 refractory head and neck cancers to immunotherapy rechallenge.

BACKGROUNDImmune checkpoint blockade (ICB) is an effective treatment in a subset of patients diagnosed with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC); however, the majority of patients are refractory.METHODSIn a nonrandomized, open-label Phase 1b clinical trial, participants with recurrent and/or metastatic (R/M) HNSCC were treated with low-dose 5-azacytidine (5-aza) daily for either 5 or 10 days in combination with durvalumab and tremelimumab after progression on ICB. The primary objective was to assess the biologically effective dose of 5-aza as determined by molecular changes in paired baseline and on-treatment tumor biopsies; the secondary objective was safety.

Repairment of an interrupted oculomotor nerve in the cavernous sinus.

Oculomotor nerve palsy following head trauma can cause eye movement disorders and severe visual problems, but it was considered to have a poor prognosis with a wide range of interventions in the past. However, we performed neuroanastomosis in a patient with isolated oculomotor nerve injury and obtained a satisfactory long-term recovery, although the short-term effect was not obvious. The clinical presentation, surgical management, and functional rehabilitation of this patient are discussed.

Imaging Gas-Involved Structural Dynamics by Environmental Electron Microscopy.

Understanding gas-involved physicochemical reactions is undoubtedly one of the most significant challenges in the modern chemical industry. To clarify how those reactions precede requires deep insights into the real-time visualization of reaction dynamics within a gas environment. The emergence and rapid development of in situ environmental electron microscopy (EEM) including scanning electron microscopy (ESEM) and transmission electron microscopy (ETEM) have enabled multiscale observation of dynamic gas-involved physicochemical reactions.

Oral health conditions and unmet need among Chinese male adults: a national oral health survey.

Background: Based on the present global burden of oral diseases, unmet dental needs affect a more significant population worldwide. It is characterized by the need for dental care but receiving delayed or no care. Contributing factors include a lack of knowledge about oral health, its consequences, and the availability of dental services.

Dural suturing for the resolution of high-flow cerebrospinal fluid leakage after extended endoscopic endonasal approach surgery.

High-flow cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage is a major complication after surgery via the extended endoscopic endonasal approach (EEA). Thus, surgeons are still searching for techniques to avoid postoperative cerebrospinal fluid (poCSF) leakage. Recently, several surgeons have attempted dural suturing to prevent poCSF leakage.

Endodontic treatment of a two-rooted mandibular first premolar with four root canals: a case report.

Background: Mandibular first premolar has a complex and variable anatomy of the root canal system, which often leads to failure of endodontic treatment due to missing root canals. Identifying the complete structure of the root canal system to ensure that all root canals are perfectly cleared and filled becomes critical to the success of root canal therapy. This report introduced a unique case of endodontic treatment of a two-rooted mandibular first premolar in the buccolingual direction with a total of four canals.

HPV integration in head and neck cancer: downstream splicing events and expression ratios linked with poor outcomes.

HPV integration (HPVint) is associated with carcinogenesis and tumor progression in HPV-associated cancers, including head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC). While its impact on human DNA has been well characterized, its relationship with clinical outcomes remains unconfirmed. Here we investigate the consequences of HPVint both with respect to human and HPV characteristics by analyzing 261 HPV-associated HNSCC bulk and single-cell RNA-seq samples from five cohorts, and DNA HPVint events from 102 HPV+ participants in two of the cohorts.

Nuclear-localized HKDC1 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma through phosphorylating RBBP5 to upregulate H3K4me3.

Metabolic enzymes play significant roles in the pathogenesis of various cancers through both canonical and noncanonical functions. Hexokinase domain-containing protein 1 (HKDC1) functions beyond glucose metabolism, but its underlying mechanisms in tumorigenesis are not fully understood. Here, we demonstrate that nuclear-localized HKDC1 acts as a protein kinase to promote hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell proliferation.

Predicting the recurrence of facial synkinesis after epineurectomy of facial nerve trunk using logistic regression model.

Background: This study aimed to investigate the risk factors affecting epineurectomy of the facial nerve trunk for facial synkinesis and use them to establish a prediction model to assess the recurrence of post-operative facial synkinesis.

Methods: A total of 68 patients with synkinesis after facial paralysis were enrolled in this study. They were randomized to the training and testing sets.

Application of neurophysiological monitoring in differentiation of hemifacial spasm and post-facial paralysis synkinesis.

Objective: The aims of this study were to investigate the electrophysiological features of hemifacial spasm (HFS) and post-facial paralysis synkinesis (PFPS) that contribute to differential diagnosis.

Methods: This study was designed as a retrospective analysis, focusing on 132 patients diagnosed with HFS and 78 patients with PFPS between May and October 2023. Patient data were collected from existing medical records.

Blockade of connexin43-containing hemichannel attenuates the LPS-induced inflammatory response in human dental pulp cells by inhibiting the extracellular flux of ATP and HMGB1.

Introduction: Tissue repair can be promoted by moderate inflammation but suppressed by excessive levels. Therefore, control of excessive inflammation following removal of infection plays a critical role in promotion of pulpal repair. Connexin 43 (Cx43) forms hemichannels (HCs) or gap channels (GJs) to facilitate the delivery of small molecules between cells to regulate both inflammation and repair.

UDA-GS: A cross-center multimodal unsupervised domain adaptation framework for Glioma segmentation.

Gliomas are the most common and malignant form of primary brain tumors. Accurate segmentation and measurement from MRI are crucial for diagnosis and treatment. Due to the infiltrative growth pattern of gliomas, their labeling is very difficult.