Automated interpretation of PD-L1 CPS based on multi-AI models integration strategy in gastric cancer.

Introduction: Programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) combined positive score (CPS) evaluation plays a pivotal role in predicting immunotherapy efficacy for gastric cancer. However, manual CPS assessment suffers from significant inter-observer variability among pathologists, leading to clinical inconsistencies. To address this limitation, we developed a deep learning-based artificial intelligence (AI) system that automates PD-L1 CPS quantification for patients with gastric cancer (GC) using whole slide images (WSIs).

Plasmid-driven clonal expansion of multidrug-resistant monophasic Typhimurium in a Global Food Trade Hub.

Shenzhen, a major port city with a heavily imported food supply, offers a critical setting to examine the spread and adaptation of multidrug-resistant 1,4,[5],12:i: - ( 1,4,[5],12:i:-). This study integrates 17 years of genomic, epidemiological, and food safety data. We explored the serovar's population structure, antibiotic resistance gene (ARG) patterns, and transmission dynamics locally and globally.

Gut Microbial Metabolite Crosstalk in Crohn's Disease: Network Pharmacology Unveils Dual-Axis Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Targets.

Crohn's disease (CD), a chronic inflammatory bowel disorder, is driven by dysregulated interactions between gut microbiota and host metabolism. Here, we developed a computational framework integrating multiomics profiling, network pharmacology, and molecular dynamics simulations to systematically map microbiota-metabolite-target-signaling (M-M-T-S) networks and identify therapeutic candidates. By analyzing gut microbial metabolomics and CD-associated targets (via SwissTargetPrediction [STP]/SEA), we constructed a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network enriched for 50 intestinal hub targets (IL6, AKT1, PPARG; degree centrality [CD] > 19.

Deep learning application to hyphae and spores identification in fungal fluorescence images.

This study explores the application of deep learning to fungal disease diagnosis, focusing on an automated detection system for hyphae and spores in clinical samples. This study employs a combination of the YOLOX and MobileNet V2 models to analyze fungal fluorescence images. The YOLOX model is used to identify individual fungal spores and hyphae, and the MobileNet V2 model is employed to identify fungal mycelium.

Biocrust effects on soil stability and hydrodynamic erosion in southern China's red soil.

Biocrusts are essential for regulating soil erosion and hydrologic processes. However, the response of biocrusts to soil aggregate stability, erosion processes and their hydrodynamic characteristic in eroded red soil remains underexplored. This study investigated the effects of biocrust cover (BC) on the erosion processes, flow hydrodynamics, and soil aggregate stability under varying rainfall intensities (RI).

A weakly supervised deep learning framework for automated PD-L1 expression analysis in lung cancer.

The growing application of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in cancer immunotherapy has underscored the critical need for reliable methods to identify patient populations likely to respond to ICI treatments, particularly in lung cancer treatment. Currently, the tumor proportion score (TPS), a crucial biomarker for patient selection, relies on manual interpretation by pathologists, which often shows substantial variability and inconsistency. To address these challenges, we innovatively developed multi-instance learning for TPS (MiLT), an innovative artificial intelligence (AI)-powered tool that predicts TPS from whole slide images.

Green biosynthetic silver nanoparticles from as multifunctional hemostatic agents: Combining hemostasis, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory properties for effective wound healing.

Widespread interest in new hemostatic agents arises from the challenge of simultaneously satisfying the requirements of hemostatic, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory properties while also considering the associated economic costs. An ideal hemostasis material should facilitate rapid hemostasis, intervene against infection, promote wound healing, and be cost-effective and easy to prepare. Herein, we demonstrate that medicinal plant-derived silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) exhibit the potential to constitute a promising multifunctional hemostatic reagent library.

Dissociable effects of perceived control on reward-related neural dynamics under risk and ambiguity.

Perceived control plays a crucial role in risk-taking behavior, but its neural effect on reward dynamics in risky and ambiguous decision making remains unclear. Here, we addressed this issue by measuring participants' (N = 40) EEG activity while they were performing a wheel-of-fortune task. Participants either made choices themselves (a high control condition) or followed the computer's choice (a low control condition) under risky or ambiguous decision contexts.

Fatty acid oxidation-induced HIF-1α activation facilitates hepatic urate synthesis through upregulating NT5C2 and XDH.

Dyslipidemia affects approximately half of all people with gout, and prior Mendelian randomization analysis suggested a causal role for elevated triglycerides in hyperuricemia (HU), but the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. We hypothesize that dyslipidemia promotes hepatic urate biosynthesis in HU and gout and fatty acid (FA) oxidation (FAO) drives this process. Here we developed a targeted metabolomics to quantify major metabolites in purine metabolic pathway in the sera of a human cohort with HU, gout, and normaluricemic controls.

Nrf2 inhibition and NCOA4-mediated ferritinophagy activation synergistically exacerbated S-3'-hydroxy-7', 2', 4'-trimethoxyisoxane induced ferroptosis in lung cancer cells.

S-3'-hydroxy-7', 2', 4'-trimethoxyisoxane (ShtIX) is a novel isoflavane compound that exhibits significant anticancer activity against a variety of cancer cells. Our previous studies have confirmed that ShtIX induced ferroptosis by inhibiting Nr2/HO-1 pathway in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells, both in vitro and vivo. Recent research has increasingly recognized ferroptosis as an autophagy-dependent form of cell death.

Exploring the self-perceived causes of eating disorders among Chinese social media users with self-reported eating disorders.

Background: Even though robust evidence suggests the high prevalence of eating disorders (EDs) in China, EDs in China are characterized by low diagnosis rates, delayed treatment-seeking, and ineffective treatments. Given that listening to patients' perspectives and lived experiences is crucial to improving our understanding of EDs in the Chinese context, an investigation of the perceived causes of EDs in Chinese individuals with EDs represents a key step in improving the prevention and treatment of EDs in China.

Aims: To explore the perceived causes of EDs based on data from a sample of Chinese social media users with self-reported EDs, with a particular focus on the Zhihu platform.

Targeting squalene epoxidase in the treatment of metabolic-related diseases: current research and future directions.

Metabolic-related diseases are chronic diseases caused by multiple factors, such as genetics and the environment. These diseases are difficult to cure and seriously affect human health. Squalene epoxidase (SQLE), the second rate-limiting enzyme in cholesterol synthesis, plays an important role in cholesterol synthesis and alters the gut microbiota and tumor immunity.

The Emission Characteristics and Health Risks of Firefighter-Accessed Fire: A Review.

The exacerbation of wildfires caused by global warming poses a significant threat to human health and environmental integrity. This review examines the particulate matter (PM) and gaseous pollutants resulting from fire incidents and their impacts on individual health, with a specific focus on the occupational hazards faced by firefighters. Of particular concern is the release of carbon-containing gases and fine particulate matter (PM) from forest fires and urban conflagrations, which exceed the recommended limits and pose severe health risks.

Cost-effectiveness of first-line sintilimab plus chemotherapy versus chemotherapy for advanced esophageal carcinoma in China.

Background: To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of first-line sintilimab plus chemotherapy versus chemotherapy for advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) from the perspective of the Chinese health service system.

Methods: A partitioned survival model was constructed to simulate quality-adjusted life years and incremental cost-effectiveness ratios over a patient's lifetime based on a phase III clinical trial.

Results: Sintilimab plus chemotherapy increased by 0.

Molecular insights into the hydrolysis and transglycosylation of a deep-sea -derived GH16 family laminarinase.

The biochemical and structural characteristics of Lam, a laminarinase from deep-sea , have been extensively elucidated, unveiling the fundamental molecular mechanisms governing substrate recognition and enzymatic catalysis. Lam functions as an exo-laminarinase with the ability to sequentially hydrolyze laminarin, cleaving glucose units individually. Notably, Lam exhibits proficient transglycosylation capabilities, utilizing various sugar alcohols as acceptors, with lyxose, in particular, yielding exclusively transglycosylated products.

Laser-assisted manipulation of Volta potential pattern on the TC4 surface for improved hBMSCs osteogenesis.

The Ti6Al4V (TC4) alloy, a prevalent biomedical material in orthopedics, still faces limitation of the insufficient osseointegration. To improve the bioactivity of TC4, introducing the electric environment onto the TC4 surface may be an effective way in the view of the necessity of endogenous electric microenvironment in bone regeneration. Herein, a Volta potential pattern was engendered on the TC4 surface via parallel laser patterning, so as to promote the osteogenic differentiation of cells.

The alleviatory effects of koumine on MSU-induced gouty arthritis via the TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway.

The aim of this study was to validate the preventive effects of koumine (KM), a monoterpene indole alkaloid, on gouty arthritis (GA) and to explore its possible mechanisms. C57BL/6 mice were intraperitoneally administered KM (0.8, 2.

Pathogenetic characterization of a strain isolated from an infant.

Purpose: To explore the clinical characteristics of bloodstream infection in an infant and characterize the phenotype and genotype of the isolated strains, as well as seek suitable infection models for assessing virulence.

Methods: Clinical data was collected from an infant patient diagnosed with bloodstream infection. Metagenomic sequencing was performed on the isolated blood sample.

ALDOB/KAT2A interactions epigenetically modulate TGF-β expression and T cell functions in hepatocellular carcinogenesis.

Background And Aims: Cross talk between tumor cells and immune cells enables tumor cells to escape immune surveillance and dictate responses to immunotherapy. Previous studies have identified that downregulation of the glycolytic enzyme fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase B (ALDOB) in tumor cells orchestrated metabolic programming to favor HCC. However, it remains elusive whether and how ALDOB expression in tumor cells affects the tumor microenvironment in HCC.

Multimaterial 3D and 4D Bioprinting of Heterogenous Constructs for Tissue Engineering.

Additive manufacturing (AM), which is based on the principle of layer-by-layer shaping and stacking of discrete materials, has shown significant benefits in the fabrication of complicated implants for tissue engineering (TE). However, many native tissues exhibit anisotropic heterogenous constructs with diverse components and functions. Consequently, the replication of complicated biomimetic constructs using conventional AM processes based on a single material is challenging.

Metallurgical manipulation of surface Volta potential in bimetals and cell response of human mesenchymal stem cells.

Bioelectricity plays an overriding role in directing cell migration, proliferation, differentiation etc. Tailoring the electro-extracellular environment through metallurgical manipulation could modulate the surrounding cell behaviors. In this study, different electric potential patterns, in terms of Volta potential distribution and gradient, were created on the metallic surface as an electric microenvironment, and their effects on adherent human mesenchymal stem cells were investigated.

Asymmetric variation in DNA methylation during domestication and de-domestication of rice.

Hundreds of plant species have been domesticated to feed human civilization, while some crops have undergone de-domestication into agricultural weeds, threatening global food security. To understand the genetic and epigenetic basis of crop domestication and de-domestication, we generated DNA methylomes from 95 accessions of wild rice (Oryza rufipogon L.), cultivated rice (Oryza sativa L.

Koumine alleviates rheumatoid arthritis by regulating macrophage polarization.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: The imbalance between M1-and M2-polarized macrophages is one of the major pathophysiological changes in RA. Therefore, targeted macrophage polarization may be an effective therapy for RA. Koumine, an alkaloid monomer with the highest content and low toxicity in Gelsemium elegans Benth.