Proteasomes suppress anticancer drug-induced cytotoxicity by inhibiting mitochondrial protein import and promoting ROS-BNIP3-mediated mitophagy.

Multidrug resistance (MDR) is associated with increased proteasome activity, which facilitates the clearance of damaged proteins and reduced mitochondrial activity, which contributes to quiescence. However, the mechanistic link between protein damage, mitochondrial dysfunction, and proteasome activity remains elusive. Here, we demonstrate that chemical drugs bind to newly synthesized mitochondrial proteins, which are largely unfolded and are coimported into the mitochondrion before appearing in the lysosome and/or nucleus.

Heterogeneous hematoma density predicts poor outcome in patients with supratentorial intracerebral hemorrhage after craniotomy.

Background And Objective: The density of hematoma is an imaging marker that has been used to predict hematoma expansion (HE) in patients with supratentorial intracerebral hemorrhage (SICH). However, its relationship with postoperative rebleeding and outcomes in surgical patients remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of hematoma density on postoperative rebleeding and outcomes in patients with spontaneous supratentorial ICH after craniotomy.

Augment proteasome inhibitor efficacy activates CD8 T cell-mediated antitumor immunity in breast cancer.

Although three proteasome inhibitors are used for liquid tumor treatment, their effectiveness against solid tumors remains inadequate. To address this issue, we employ a drug combination strategy and discover that ammonium tetrathiomolybdate (TM) and AMD3100 can sensitize solid cancer cell lines to proteasome inhibitors. Mechanistically, we find that TM and AMD3100 reduce proteasome activity by decreasing the protein level of PSMB5.

Airway Organoid Models as Pivotal Tools for Unraveling Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Targets in Respiratory Diseases: A Literature Review.

Respiratory inflammatory and infectious diseases continue to impose a substantial global health burden, compounded by persistent gaps in understanding their pathogenic mechanisms and limited therapeutic advancements. To address these challenges, this review systematically analyzed literature from PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases (2005-2025) to evaluate the evolution and applications of airway organoid models in respiratory disease research. Key findings include: (1) the convergence of traditional culture techniques with advanced methodologies - including 3D matrix embedding, bioprinting and organoids-on-chips technologies - has enabled unprecedented recapitulation of human airway architecture and multicellular interactions; (2) these novel models provide unique insights into disease pathogenesis, host-microbe dynamics, and drug response variability; (3) the inherent capacity to maintain native cellular diversity and disease-associated phenotypes positions airway organoids as crucial platforms for personalized medicine approaches.

The Role of Klotho in Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases: Mechanisms and Research Progress.

Klotho, an anti-aging protein, has been extensively studied in systemic conditions such as chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular disorders. In recent years, its pivotal protective role and clinical significance in various oral and maxillofacial diseases have been increasingly demonstrated. It has been demonstrated that Klotho regulates oxidative stress, apoptosis, inflammation, and fibrosis via multiple molecular signaling pathways, including Nrf2, NF-κB, PI3K/Akt/FoxO1, insulin/IGF-1, FGF/FGFR, and Wnt/β-catenin.

Impact of other macronutrient composition within high-protein diet on body composition and cardiometabolic health: a systematic review, pairwise, and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background/obejctive: Although the high-protein diets (HPDs) on weight control and body composition management are well investigated, mix results have been reported across studies and this variability may be attributed to differences in the composition of other macronutrients within HPDs. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impacts of HPDs with varied macronutrient compositions on body composition and cardiometabolic health outcomes through a systematic review, pairwise, and network meta-analysis.

Methods: A comprehensive search of four databases (PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, and Web of Science) was conducted to identify relevant randomized controlled trials.

Programmable hierarchical hydrogel dressing for sequential release of growth factor and DNase to accelerate diabetic wound healing.

Dysregulation of growth factor expression causes impaired healing of diabetic foot ulcer (DFU). Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-containing gel has been clinically applied for topical treatment of DFU. Recruitment of neutrophils stimulated by PDGF favors the wound healing of DFU.

Childhood Socioeconomic Status and Depressive Symptoms in Mid- and Late Life: Parenting Styles as Mediators.

Objectives: The life course perspective on mental health suggests the link between childhood socioeconomic status (SES) and depression in later life, yet current pathway models can't fully explain the link. The present study explored the relationship between childhood SES and depressive symptoms in mid- and late life and the mediation role of parenting styles among the Chinese population.

Methods: Based on data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) in 2011-2020, a prospective cohort study including 7,632 participants was performed.

Site-2 protease Sll0528 interacts with RbcR to regulate carbon/nitrogen homeostasis in the cyanobacterium sp. PCC 6803.

Cyanobacteria play pivotal roles in global biogeochemical cycles through oxygenic photosynthesis. To maintain cellular homeostasis, these organisms utilize sophisticated acclimation mechanisms to adapt to environmental fluctuations, particularly concerning nitrogen availability. While nitrogen deprivation induces dormancy, excess ammonium can have toxic effects on cyanobacteria and other photosynthetic organisms-a phenomenon for which the acclimation mechanisms remain poorly understood.

Temporal relationship between chronic inflammation and insulin resistance and their combined cumulative effect on cancer risk: a longitudinal cohort study.

Background: Cancer, a chronic and dangerous disease, poses a major public health burden. Inflammation and insulin resistance promote tumorigenesis. However, the temporal relationship between the two and their relationship with cancer risk must be elucidated.

NCR as a biomarker for nutritional status and inflammation in predicting outcomes in patients with cancer cachexia: a prospective, multicenter study.

Background: Systemic inflammation and nutritional status are key factors affecting the prognosis of patients with cancer cachexia. This study aims to evaluate the prognostic value of a new nutritional and inflammatory index, Prognostic Nutritional CRP Ratio (NCR), in patients with cancer cachexia.

Methods: This prospective multicenter study analyzed 3,447 patients diagnosed with cancer cachexia across over 40 clinical centers in China, from June 2012 to December 2023.

A weak edge estimation based multi-task neural network for OCT segmentation.

Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) offers high-resolution images of the eye's fundus. This enables thorough analysis of retinal health by doctors, providing a solid basis for diagnosis and treatment. With the development of deep learning, deep learning-based methods are becoming more popular for fundus OCT image segmentation.

Enteral nutrition support in patients with cancer: association of short-term prognosis and medical costs with inflammation.

Background: Enteral nutrition (EN) is commonly used for nutritional support in patients with cancer. Whether inflammation, one of the driving factors of malnutrition and cancer, affects the association between EN and short-term prognosis and medical costs in patients with cancer remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the association between EN and short-term prognosis of patients with cancer and the effect of inflammation on EN-associated medical costs.

scGraph2Vec: a deep generative model for gene embedding augmented by graph neural network and single-cell omics data.

Background: Exploring the cellular processes of genes from the aspects of biological networks is of great interest to understanding the properties of complex diseases and biological systems. Biological networks, such as protein-protein interaction networks and gene regulatory networks, provide insights into the molecular basis of cellular processes and often form functional clusters in different tissue and disease contexts.

Results: We present scGraph2Vec, a deep learning framework for generating informative gene embeddings.

The preoperative hemoglobin, albumin, lymphocyte, and platelet score (HALP) as a prognostic indicator in patients with non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: The Hemoglobin, Albumin, Lymphocyte, and Platelet score (HALP) is an inflammatory nutrition-related biomarker based on hemoglobin and albumin levels, as well as the lymphocyte and platelet load index, which has been reported to be associated with the prognosis of various types of tumors. This study aims to investigate the prognostic value of HALP in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods: A total of 2,428 patients with NSCLC were enrolled in the INSCOC study.

Exemplifying interspecies variation of liposome fate by the effects of anti-PEG antibodies.

The different fate of liposomes among species has been discovered and mentioned in many studies, but the underlying mechanisms have not been explored. In the present work, we concentrated on the fate of PEGylated liposomes (sLip) in three commonly used species (mice, rats, and dogs). It was exhibited that the accelerated blood clearance (ABC) phenomenon and hypersensitivity in large animals (beagle dogs) were much more significant than that in rodents.

Body Roundness Index Trajectories and the Risk of Cancer: A Cohort Study.

Background: The body rounds index (BRI), an innovative obesity indicator integrating waist circumference (WC) and height, offers a two-dimensional assessment of obesity. The relationship between BRI trajectories and cancer has been overlooked in previous studies. This study aims to explore the association between BRI trajectories and the incidence of cancer.

Enhancing Tumor Immunity with IL-12 and PD-1 Blockade: A Strategy for Inducing Robust Central Memory T Cell Responses in Resistant Cancer Model.

Although immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have demonstrated efficacy in treating advanced cancers, their therapeutic success remains limited for many patients, with initial responders often experiencing resistance and relapse. Interleukin-12 (IL-12) is a powerful cytokine for antitumor immunotherapy, enhancing both lymphocyte recruitment into tumors and immune cell activation. In this study, we successfully produced mouse interleukin-12 (mIL12) through eukaryotic recombinant expression.

The Prognostic Utility of the Triceps Skinfold Thickness Albumin Index in Colorectal Cancer Patients with Cachexia.

Purpose: To develop a simple and convenient inflammation-nutrition-adiposity biomarker to complement the TNM staging system, further assess the prognosis of patients with colorectal cancer cachexia.

Methods: This study was a multi-centre cohort study. The triceps skinfold thickness-albumin index (TA) was calculated by combining the triceps skinfold thickness (TSF) and serum albumin levels.

Prognostic value of the fat-free mass index-based cachexia index in patients with colorectal cancer.

Studies have shown that the cachexia index (CXI) is a useful predictor of cachexia in patients with colorectal cancer. However, the application of the CXI is limited stemming from the intricacy and additional cost of radiographic examinations. This study aimed to develop an easy-to-use and practical CXI based on fat-free mass index (FFMI-CXI) to evaluate the prognostic value of FFMI-CXI in CRC.

Cell-free adipose tissue extracts as a novel treatment for rosacea by downregulating TRPV1.

Rosacea is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that typically affects the central facial area. Its main clinical symptoms include paroxysmal flushing, telangiectasia, and non-temporary erythema. Cell-free adipose tissue extracts (ATEs) are liquid components extracted from human adipose tissue that contain large amounts of growth factors.

Machine learning to identify precachexia and cachexia: a multicenter, retrospective cohort study.

Background: Detection of precachexia is important for the prevention and treatment of cachexia. However, how to identify precachexia is still a challenge.

Objective: This study aimed to detect cancer precachexia using a simple method and distinguish the different characteristics of precachexia and cachexia.