Influence of Pearl river plume and coastal upwelling on planktonic foraminiferal assemblages in the northern South China Sea.

The northern South China Sea (SCS) shelf and southern Taiwan Strait (TS) are dynamic marginal seas influenced by both freshwater discharge from the Pearl River and seasonal coastal upwelling. These interacting hydrological forces shape ecological gradients that affect marine planktonic communities. Planktonic foraminiferal assemblages were analyzed from plankton tow and surface sediment samples collected during three cruises (2018, 2020, and 2022) along a ∼1000 km transect extending from the Pearl River estuary to the southern TS.

Enhancing Work Efficiency With Generative Artificial Intelligence: Experience and Training Insights From School Nurses Through Focus Groups and Surveys.

Aim: This study examined the use of generative artificial intelligence (GAI), factors related to its application, and training expectations among school nurses who enrolled as seed instructors in a GAI training program.

Background: GAI, such as ChatGPT, is reshaping professional environments by simulating human-like interactions. Enhancing user proficiency and reducing the risk of misuse is essential for practical applications.

Divergent synthesis of 1,3,5-trisubstituted benzenes from 2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid.

Based on our previous explorations of -diiodoarene/NaH as a novel aryne-generation system, herein we present an efficient route for the divergent synthesis of 1,3,5-trisubstituted benzenes. Since carboxylic acid could be converted into a lot of functional groups, in this protocol, the readily available and inexpensive 2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid (TIBA) was employed as the starting material for the preparation of diverse aryne precursors. With this aryne-generation toolbox, a series of transformations were achieved between various nucleophiles and these aryne precursors, producing 5-iodo-1,3-disubstituted benzenes as valuable intermediates.

Inspiratory muscle training and aerobic exercise for respiratory muscle strength in myasthenia gravis post-hospitalization- a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Previous studies have demonstrated the positive effects of long-term inspiratory muscle training (IMT) on inspiratory muscle strength and pulmonary function. However, the benefits of IMT with aerobic exercise (IMT + AE) in patients with myasthenia gravis (MG) remain unclear. This randomized controlled trial aimed to assess the impact of the early, 6-week, moderate-intensity interval IMT + AE on pulmonary function, functional capacity, and respiratory muscle strength in patients with MG post-hospitalization.

A novel carbamate-based hybrid derivative with anti-neuroinflammatory properties as a selective butyrylcholinesterase inhibitor for Alzheimer's disease therapy.

Cholinesterase inhibitors (ChEIs) are widely utilized for the symptomatic management of Alzheimer's disease (AD) by enhancing acetylcholine levels to improve cognitive function. Concurrently, neuroinflammation has emerged as a critical factor in AD progression, necessitating therapies that address this pathology. In this study, we designed and synthesized a novel bifunctional cholinesterase inhibitor, (E)-4-(2-(3-(benzyloxy)-4-oxo-4H-pyran-2-yl) vinyl)-1,2-phenylene bis(ethyl(methyl)carbamate) (D40), which combines potent cholinesterase inhibition with robust anti-neuroinflammatory activity.

Inspiratory muscle training facilitates liberation from mechanical ventilation in subacute critically ill patients-a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Patients undergoing mechanical ventilation often develop rapid diaphragmatic atrophy, respiratory muscle weakness, and dysfunction, which are associated with prolonged duration of ventilation. This study aimed to evaluate whether Inspiratory Muscle Training (IMT) facilitates weaning from mechanical ventilation and enhances muscle strength in critically ill, subacute adult patients, while examining the relationship between IMT and relevant clinical laboratory values.

Methods: In this randomized clinical trial, patients admitted to the intensive care unit requiring mechanical ventilation for more than 2 days, with stable hemodynamics and resolved acute conditions, were enrolled.

Participatory development of training videos for respiratory equipment.

Problem: During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, medical oxygen therapy was urgently needed for patients with hypoxaemia. Many low- and middle-income countries lacked the medical devices for oxygen therapy and experience in their use.

Approach: In addition to providing medical devices for oxygen therapy for countries in need, the World Health Organization (WHO) and partners developed training videos to help local health workers select, use and maintain this equipment.

Evaluation of the quality and readability of ChatGPT responses to frequently asked questions about myopia in traditional Chinese language.

Introduction: ChatGPT can serve as an adjunct informational tool for ophthalmologists and their patients. However, the reliability and readability of its responses to myopia-related queries in the Chinese language remain underexplored.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the ability of ChatGPT to address frequently asked questions (FAQs) about myopia by parents and caregivers.

Attitude and utilization of ChatGPT among registered nurses: A cross-sectional study.

Aim: This study explores the influencing factors of attitudes and behaviors toward use of ChatGPT based on the Technology Acceptance Model among registered nurses in Taiwan.

Background: The complexity of medical services and nursing shortages increases workloads. ChatGPT swiftly answers medical questions, provides clinical guidelines, and assists with patient information management, thereby improving nursing efficiency.

Cholinergic macrophages promote the resolution of peritoneal inflammation.

The non-neural cholinergic system plays a critical role in regulating immune equilibrium and tissue homeostasis. While the expression of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), the enzyme catalyzing acetylcholine biosynthesis, has been well documented in lymphocytes, its role in the myeloid compartment is less understood. Here, we identify a significant population of macrophages (MÏ•s) expressing ChAT and synthesizing acetylcholine in the resolution phase of acute peritonitis.

Evaluation of the diagnostic performance of an immunochromatographic test for .

Objectives: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of different brands of immunochromatographic test (ICT) reagents for using homogenized samples to provide a reference for reagent quality control.

Methods: Eight commercially available ICT reagents were evaluated, of which three used the latex method and five used the colloidal gold method. Analytical performance evaluation using a pure culture broth of , as well as clinical application validation using cervical epithelial cell samples acquired from the research subjects, were conducted.

Exploration of treatment in childhood Langerhans cell histiocytosis based on inflammatory and malignant symptoms: a pilot study.

Background: Multisystem childhood Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) patients, especially those with risk organ (RO) involved, had not been satisfactorily treated under the international traditional schemes as high incidences of reactivation with late sequelae were largely reported. Over years, we have observed that LCH patients with varied clinical symptoms responded differently to different drugs, suggesting the current grouping strategies based only on the number of organs involved might be inadequate. LCH has been defined as an inflammatory myeloid tumor, thus this study has innovatively divided LCH pediatric patients into inflammatory or malignant symptoms group, and given different intensity treatment regimens to different groups.

The Effects of Inspiratory Flows, Inspiratory Pause, and Suction Catheter on Aerosol Drug Delivery with Vibrating Mesh Nebulizers During Mechanical Ventilation.

Some experts recommend specific ventilator settings during nebulization for mechanically ventilated patients, such as inspiratory pause, high inspiratory to expiratory ratio, and so on. However, it is unclear whether those settings improve aerosol delivery. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the impact of ventilator settings on aerosol delivery during mechanical ventilation (MV).

Effect of Interrupting Heated Humidification on Nebulized Drug Delivery Efficiency, Temperature, and Absolute Humidity During Mechanical Ventilation: A Multi-Lab Study.

During mechanical ventilation (MV), inspired gases require heat and humidification. However, such conditions may be associated with reduced aerosol delivery efficiency. The practice of turning off heated humidification before nebulization and the impact of nebulization on humidity in a dry ventilator circuit remain topics of debate.

Antagonism of let-7c reduces atherosclerosis and macrophage lipid accumulation by promoting PGC-1α/LXRα/ABCA1/G1 pathway.

Changes in circulating let-7c were significantly associated with the alter in lipid profile, but its role in intracellular lipid metabolism remains unknown. This work was conducted to explore the effects of let-7c on the lipid accumulation in macrophages and uncover the underlying mechanism. Our results showed that let-7c inhibition relieved atherosclerosis progression in apoE mice.

Emerging applications of single-cell profiling in precision medicine of atherosclerosis.

Atherosclerosis is a chronic, progressive, inflammatory disease that occurs in the arterial wall. Despite recent advancements in treatment aimed at improving efficacy and prolonging survival, atherosclerosis remains largely incurable. In this review, we discuss emerging single-cell sequencing techniques and their novel insights into atherosclerosis.

Factors associated with continuing education needs in medication administration among school nurses.

Aim: To investigate the continuing education requirements and factors influencing school nurses' needs in relation to medication administration on school campuses.

Design: A total of 391 school nurses working in K-12 schools in Taiwan were invited to participate in an online questionnaire survey.

Methods: This cross-sectional study employed a probability proportionate to size technique along with a random sampling method.

IGF‑1 inhibits palmitic acid‑induced mitochondrial apoptosis in macrophages.

Insulin growth factor‑1 (IGF‑1) is an endocrine regulator that plays an important role in normal growth and development. IGF‑1 mediated effects may result in protecting macrophages from immunometabolic response. However, it is unclear whether IGF‑1 has a protective effect on fatty acid‑induced macrophages damage.

Oridonin attenuates atherosclerosis by inhibiting foam macrophage formation and inflammation through FABP4/PPARγ signalling.

Both lipid accumulation and inflammatory response in lesion macrophages fuel the progression of atherosclerosis, leading to high mortality of cardiovascular disease. A therapeutic strategy concurrently targeting these two risk factors is promising, but still scarce. Oridonin, the bioactive medicinal compound, is known to protect against inflammatory response and lipid dysfunction.