Bioprofiling and vaccine development for Zika virus.

Zika virus (ZIKV) has emerged as a global health priority due to its association with severe congenital abnormalities, including microcephaly and neonatal mortality in infants born to infected mothers. In adults, ZIKV infection is epidemiologically linked to Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS). These clinical manifestations prompted the World Health Organization (WHO) to declare ZIKV a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC).

An mRNA vaccine against monkeypox virus inhibits infection by co-activation of humoral and cellular immune responses.

The persistent monkeypox outbreaks intensify the demand for monkeypox vaccines. Based on the mRNA vaccine platform, we conduct a systematic screening of monkeypox virus (MPXV) surface proteins from two types of viral particles, extracellular enveloped viruses (EVs) and intracellular mature viruses (MVs). This screening unveils 12 important antigens with diverse levels of neutralizing immunogenicity.

Association between Capillaria hepatica infection-induced alterations in gut microbiota and estrogen expression in Brandt's voles (Lasiopodomys brandtii).

Background: Capillaria hepatica, a zoonotic parasite, is present in the population of Brandt's voles (Lasiopodomys brandtii) and has been a central issue in ecological studies regarding its impact on host populations. Brandt's voles are known for their extremely high reproductive capacity, and the population explosion of Brandt's voles have occurred multiple times in the grasslands of Inner Mongolia over the past few decades. However, the mechanisms underlying the population dynamics of Brandt's voles, particularly in response to C.

Inhalable nanocatalytic therapeutics for viral pneumonia.

Pneumonia is a ubiquitous disease caused by viral and bacterial infections, characterized by high levels of reactive oxygen species in inflamed areas. Therapeutic strategies targeting reactive oxygen species levels in pneumonia have limited success due to the intricate nature of lung tissues and lung inflammatory responses. Here we describe an inhalable, non-invasive therapeutic platform composed of engineered cerium-based tannic acid nanozymes bound to a self-assembling peptide.

An evolutionarily conserved ubiquitin ligase drives infection and transmission of flaviviruses.

Mosquito-borne flaviviruses such as dengue (DENV) and Zika (ZIKV) cause hundreds of millions of infections annually. The single-stranded RNA genome of flaviviruses is translated into a polyprotein, which is cleaved equally into individual functional proteins. While structural proteins are packaged into progeny virions and released, most of the nonstructural proteins remain intracellular and could become cytotoxic if accumulated over time.

A glucose-like metabolite deficient in diabetes inhibits cellular entry of SARS-CoV-2.

The severity and mortality of COVID-19 are associated with pre-existing medical comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus. However, the underlying causes for increased susceptibility to viral infection in patients with diabetes is not fully understood. Here we identify several small-molecule metabolites from human blood with effective antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2, one of which, 1,5-anhydro-D-glucitol (1,5-AG), is associated with diabetes mellitus.

Prevalence and genetic diversity of in nonhuman primates in Northern and Central China.

Background: is a common enteric pathogen reported in human and many animals. But there are few reports of in nonhuman primates (NHPs). The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence and molecular characterization of in NHPs from Northern and Central China.

Lethal infection caused by Tetratrichomonas gallinarum in black swans (Cygnus atratus).

Background: Tetratrichomonas gallinarum is parasitic protozoa with a wide host range. However, its lethal infection is rare reported.

Case Presentation: Here, we described the first lethal cases of T.

Isolation and Pathogenic Characterization of Pigeon Paramyxovirus Type 1 via Different Inoculation Routes in Pigeons.

Pigeon paramyxovirus type I (PPMV-1) causes regular outbreaks in pigeons and even poses a pandemic threat among chickens and other birds. The birds infected with PPMV-1 mainly show a pathological damage in the respiratory system, digestive system, and nervous system. However, there were few reports on the efficiency of the virus entering the host routes of different systems.

Infection and chronic disease activate a brain-muscle signaling axis that regulates muscle performance.

Infections and neurodegenerative diseases induce neuroinflammation, but affected individuals often show a number of non-neural symptoms including muscle pain and muscle fatigue. The molecular pathways by which neuroinflammation causes pathologies outside the central nervous system (CNS) are poorly understood, so we developed three models to investigate the impact of neuroinflammation on muscle performance. We found that bacterial infection, COVID-like viral infection, and expression of a neurotoxic protein associated with Alzheimer' s disease promoted the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the brain.

Molecular Characterization of spp. in Brandt's Vole in China.

spp. are important intestinal parasites that infect humans and various animals, including wildlife. Currently, few epidemiological data in wild rodents, especially in voles, are available.

Identification and genetic characterization of Contracaecum sp. (Nematoda: Anisakidae) from China.

Contracaecum species are economically important fish-borne larval nematodes with zoonotic significance. In June 2019, more than 100 piscivorous birds died in their habitats close to the Wild Duck Lake, located in Yanqing, northwest of Beijing, China. Post-mortem examination of Black Night Herons (Nycticorax) revealed the presence of numerous anisakid nematodes in the proventriculus.

Identification of Enterocytozoon bieneusi and Cryptosporidium spp. in farmed wild boars (Sus scrofa) in Beijing, China.

Enterocytozoon bieneusi and Cryptosporidium spp. are opportunistic pathogen that can infected humans and other animals. However, the data on the prevalence and genotypes of the parasites in captive wild boars is not available in Beijing, China.

Highly pathogenic H5N6 avian influenza virus outbreak in in Jiangxi Province, China.

Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) is a persistent threat to poultry, wild birds, humans, and other mammals. The continually evolving HPAI H5N6 virus has induced great losses in breeding industries in growing regions around the world. In this study, we confirmed an outbreak of the HPAI H5N6 virus in captive in Jiangxi Province, China.

First report of and spp. in peafowl () in China.

and spp. are important pathogens causing diarrhea in humans and animals. However, few studies have been conducted on the infection of and spp.

Prevalence and molecular characterization of Trichomonas gallinae from domestic pigeons in Beijing, China.

Trichomonas gallinae is a globally distributed protozoan parasite, mainly affect the upper avian digestive tract and can bring huge economic losses to pigeon industry. The objective of the present study was to determine the prevalence and genotypes of T. gallinae in Beijing, China.

Seroprevalence and Risk Factors of Fascioliasis in Yaks, , from Three Counties of Gansu Province, China.

The aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence and risk factors of fascioliasis in yaks, , from 3 counties of Gansu Province in China. A total of 1,584 serum samples, including 974 samples from white yaks from Tianzhu, 464 from black yaks from Maqu, and 146 from black yaks from Luqu County, were collected and analyzed using ELISA to detect IgG antibodies against . The overall seroprevalence was 28.

Seroprevalence and risk factors of bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) infection in yaks (Bos grunniens) in northwest China.

Bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV), a member of the Pestivirus genus, is an important pathogen of cattle worldwide, causing reproductive disorders in adult cattle and mucosal disease in calves. However, limited information about BVDV infection in yaks (Bos grunniens) in China is available, especially in white yaks which is a unique yak breed that only lives in Tianzhu Tibetan Autonomous County (TTAC), Gansu Province, northwest China. Therefore, we conducted a cross-sectional study to estimate the seroprevalence and risk factors associated with BVDV infection in 1584 yaks in Gansu province, northwest China, between April 2013 and March 2014 using an indirect ELISA test.

A long-lasting protective immunity against chronic toxoplasmosis in mice induced by recombinant rhoptry proteins encapsulated in poly (lactide-co-glycolide) microparticles.

Toxoplasma gondii infection in humans and animals is a worldwide zoonosis. Prevention and control of toxoplasmosis based on vaccination is one of the promising strategies. In the present study, recombinant T.

First Report of Coxiella burnetii Seroprevalence in Tibetan Sheep in China.

Query (Q) fever is a vector-borne zoonosis caused by the obligate intracellular pathogen Coxiella burnetii. Animals, including dogs, cats, cattle, and sheep, can be infected by C. burnetii.