End-tidal CO corrected for ambient CO risk adjusted phototherapy threshold for the management of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia: a randomized clinical trial.

Background: Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia risk factors determination is challenging due to the lack of quantifiable indicators for bilirubin production, resulting in phototherapy decisions made without real-time information. End-tidal carbon monoxide (CO) corrected for ambient CO (ETCOc) may be helpful for identifying hemolysis, but evidence on the application of ETCOc as a risk factor for the development of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia is scarce. This study aimed to evaluate whether the use of ETCOc to adjust neonatal hyperbilirubinemia risk categories and thus phototherapy thresholds can reduce the rate of phototherapy within the first seven days of life.

CircFLNB upregulated by chemotherapy via alternative splicing suppresses the progression of colorectal cancer.

Alternative splicing (AS) is a tightly regulated process that gives rise to proteins with distinct or even opposing functions. But cancer-specific alternative splicing of circRNA formation is less likely to be identified. We identified circFLNB by a circRNA microarray and validated it by quantitative reverse transcription PCR.

Precision immune regulation in KRAS-mutated cancers: the final piece of the puzzle?

In recent years, the development of targeted therapies for tumors with KRAS mutations has progressed rapidly, rendering the notion of KRAS as "undruggable" outdated. However, targeted therapies for KRAS mutations still face numerous challenges, including resistance, efficacy concerns, toxicity issues, and hurdles in drug development. Exploring alternative treatment modalities is thus essential.

CD40 agonism enhances immune checkpoint blockade and generates immunologic memory via CD4 T cells in ERα+ mammary tumors.

There has been marked improvement in the clinical outcome of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) with the use of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) although serious immune-related adverse effects are not uncommon. Unlike TNBC, ERα + breast tumors are largely unresponsive to ICB. Here we demonstrate defective priming by cross-presenting conventional dendritic cells (cDCs) and a blunted response to ICB in ERα + mouse mammary tumors compared to TNBC.

FXR inhibition functions as a checkpoint blockade of the pathogenic Tfh cell response in lupus.

T follicular helper (Tfh) cells specialize in facilitating germinal center B-cell activation and high-affinity antibody generation, which are crucial in humoral immune responses. However, aberrant control of Tfh cells also contributes to the generation of self-reactive autoantibodies and promotes autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The mechanisms that control proper Tfh expansion remain unclear.

High-fidelity optical platform for multiplex glutathione profiling links redox dynamics to tumor progression and auxiliary diagnosis.

Gastric cancer, a leading global cause of tumor-related mortality, demands potent biomarkers and robust analytical technologies to reduce the clinical burden. Here, a dual-mode ratiometric optical sensor paired with a portable smartphone-based reader was developed for glutathione (GSH). This work reveals, for the first time, the molecular mechanism behind the responsibility and selectivity of tetraphenylporphyrin tetrasulfonic acid (TPPS) to GSH.

The impact of de novo lipogenesis on predicting survival and clinical therapy: an exploration based on a multigene prognostic model in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ranks among the most aggressive malignancies worldwide, with poor outcomes attributed to delayed diagnosis and therapeutic limitations. Emerging evidence suggests that de novo lipogenesis (DNL) plays a crucial role in HCC progression and its interaction with the immune microenvironment.

Methods: We systematically analyzed DNL-related gene expression profiles from TCGA, GEO, ICGC-LIRI datasets, and our Xiangya HCC cohort (n = 106) to construct a prognostic risk model.

Platelets in cancer and immunotherapy: functional dynamics and therapeutic opportunities.

Platelets play a critical role in tumor immunity, particularly in promoting cancer progression. Numerous studies suggest that platelets could serve as a novel target for cancer immunotherapy, however, no comprehensive reviews have yet summarized and discussed this potential. Our review provides an in-depth discussion of the roles and mechanisms of platelets within both the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and the anti-tumor immune microenvironment.

Mechanistic Foundations of KRAS-Driven Tumor Ecosystems: Integrating Crosstalk among Immune, Metabolic, Microbial, and Stromal Microenvironment.

Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS) is the most frequently mutated member of the RAS family of small GTPases (RAS). It affects about one-fifth of cancer cases. The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a multifaceted network of immune cells, metabolites, microbiota, stromal components, and extracellular matrix.

End-tidal carbon monoxide levels as a point-of-care biomarker for the early detection of hemolytic disease in Chinese neonates.

Objective: Hemolytic disease of newborn (HDN) is a leading risk factor for severe neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. While end-tidal carbon monoxide (CO) corrected for ambient CO (ETCOc) reflects the endogenous rate of bilirubin production, there remain translational gaps in understanding the link between ETCOc and HDN. We aimed to evaluate ETCOc levels as an indicator of increased bilirubin production in HDN.

PRMT5 Inhibitor Synergizes with Chemotherapy to Induce Resembling Mismatch Repair Deficiency and Enhance Anti-TIGIT Therapy in Microsatellite-Stable Colorectal Cancer.

Microsatellite stable (MSS) colorectal cancer (CRC) is considered an "immune-cold" tumor, accounting for ≈85% of all CRC cases. The overall response rate to chemotherapy combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors in MSS CRC is typically less than 10%. The specific mechanism that enhances chemotherapy sensitivity and mediated immunogenicity renders MSS CRC more responsive to immunotherapy remains elusive.

Mitochondrial gene SLC25A24 regulated anti-tumor immunity and inhibited the proliferation and metastasis of colorectal cancer by PKG1-dependent cGMP/PKG1 pathway.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality globally, with metastasis playing a key role in its unfavorable prognosis. Emerging research has emphasized the pivotal role of mitochondria in tumor immune regulation. Nevertheless, the clinical relevance and functional role of SLC25A24, a mitochondrial solute carrier, in CRC remain largely unexplored.

Improvement of antioxidant capacity and gut microbiota balance in adult zebrafish (Danio rerio) by addition of fermented distillers' dried grains with solubles (DDGS).

The continuous high price of fishmeal has prompted the aquaculture industry to seek alternative protein sources. Distillers' dried grains with solubles (DDGS) possess significant utilization value as a plant-based protein, yet its substitution ratio is limited due to the anti-nutritional factors. This study aimed to assess the potential of compound bacteria-fermented DDGS as a protein source for aquatic feed.

The molecular characteristics of DNA damage and repair related to P53 mutation for predicting the recurrence and immunotherapy response in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths globally, owing to its high recurrence rate of 50 to 70% within five years. Despite known associations of certain DNA damage and repair (DDR) genes with tumor recurrence and drug resistance, a comprehensive understanding of DDR pathways' role in predicting HCC recurrence and therapeutic responses remains elusive. Addressing this gap could offer significant advancements in prognostic and therapeutic strategies for HCC.

QKI-induced circ_0001766 inhibits colorectal cancer progression and rapamycin resistance by miR-1203/PPP1R3C/mTOR/Myc axis.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer and remains a significant challenge due to high rates of drug resistance and limited therapeutic options. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are increasingly recognized for their roles in CRC initiation, progression, and drug resistance. However, no circRNA-based therapies have yet entered clinical development, underscoring the need for comprehensive detection and mechanistic studies of circRNAs in CRC.

CSF3R-AS promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression and sorafenib resistance through the CSF3R/JAK2/STAT3 positive feedback loop.

Antisense circular RNA is a special type of circular RNA that is derived from the antisense complementary strand of parental mRNA. However, the function of antisense circRNA in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is still unclear. Here, we reported that CSF3R-AS was upregulated in HCC and correlated with a poor prognosis.

Nonlinear dose-response relationship between prognostic nutritional index and short-term outcome in acute ischemic stroke: a prospective cohort study.

Objective: The evidence surrounding the connection between the Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI) and the prognosis of patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke (AIS) remains insufficient. Therefore, this study is designed to examine how PNI relates to short-term outcomes in individuals affected by AIS.

Methods: This study is a single-center, prospective cohort investigation.

HMBOX1 reverses autophagy mediated 5-fluorouracil resistance through promoting HACE1-induced ubiquitination and degradation of ATG5 in colorectal cancer.

Chemotherapy remains the primary treatment for unresectable or advanced postoperative colorectal cancers. However, its effectiveness is compromised by chemoresistance, which adversely affects patient outcomes. Dysregulated macroautophagy/autophagy is a proposed mechanism behind this resistance, with ubiquitination playing a key regulatory role.

Solid-state fermentation through synthetic microbiome: An effective strategy for converting Chinese distillers' grains into functional protein feed.

Chinese distillers' grains (CDGs), a byproduct of liquor production, have low protein, high fiber, and elevated alcohol/lactic acid levels, limiting their use as animal feed. This study utilised a synthetic microbiome composed of Candida utilis (protein enhancement), Trichoderma viride (fiber reduction), Bacillus subtilis (detoxification), and Lactobacillus casei (functional enhancement) for solid-state fermentation. The results showed that crude protein content increased to 23.

APOC3 as a potential prognostic factor for hepatitis B virus-related acute-on-chronic liver failure.

Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is the major cause of mortality in patients infected with the hepatitis B virus (HBV); however, early determination of the prognosis of patients with HBV-ACLF is insensitive or limited. This study aimed to analyze differentially expressed proteins in the plasma of patients with HBV-ACLF using data-independent acquisition mass spectrometry to provide a reference for short-term prognosis. Fifty HBV-ACLF patients and 15 healthy controls were enrolled in this study.

Efficient conversion of corn straw to feed protein through solid-state fermentation using a thermophilic microbial consortium.

Solid-state fermentation of lignocellulosic waste to produce feed protein is a means of realising solid waste. However, low efficiency and susceptibility to microbial contamination remain significant challenges in feed protein production through room-temperature solid-state fermentation. In this study, thermophilic microbiomes were enriched.

First-line cadonilimab plus chemotherapy in HER2-negative advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma: a randomized, double-blind, phase 3 trial.

Programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) inhibitors plus chemotherapy have been the standard of care in the first-line treatment of advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction (G/GEJ) adenocarcinoma; however, the survival benefits are modest in patients with low programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression. Here we investigated the efficacy and safety of cadonilimab (PD-1/cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) bispecific antibody) plus chemotherapy as first-line treatment in G/GEJ adenocarcinoma. The prespecified interim analysis is reported here.