Highly Diastereo- and Enantioselective Rh-Catalyzed Hydrogenation of Tetrasubstituted Dehydroamino Acid Esters: Access to Chiral α-Amino Acid Derivatives.

Rh-(,)-JosiPhos complex-catalyzed highly enantioselective hydrogenation of tetrasubstituted dehydroamino acid esters has been achieved, furnishing the chiral β-cyclic and β-branched α-amino acid esters in high yields (92-98%) with high diastereo- and enantioselectivities (>99:1 dr, up to 99% ee). This method provided an efficient strategy to nonsymmetrically chiral β-cyclic and β-branched α-amino acid esters under mild conditions.

Molecular characterization of a novel non-segmented double stranded RNA mycovirus infecting the phytopathogenic fungus Botryosphaeria dothidea.

Botryosphaeria dothidea is a prevalent pathogen of woody plants with a global distribution. In this study, we identified a novel mycovirus from the B. dothidea strain ZM200473, which we have tentatively designated "Botryosphaeria dothidea non-segmented dsRNA virus" (BdNSRV1).

Characterization and Phylogenetic Analysis of the Complete Mitogenomes of and .

Apple Valsa canker, caused by and , is a devastating disease of apple trees and poses a severe threat to the sustainable development of apple production. Although the two species' whole genomes have been sequenced, their mitochondrial genomes are still uncharacterized. In this study, the complete mitochondrial genomes of and were assembled, annotated, and compared by bioinformatic methods.

The six whole mitochondrial genomes for the species: features, evolution and phylogeny.

In this study, the complete mitogenomes of three species ( ZM79-3, ZM33-4 and sp. ZM41-5) were sequenced, assembled and compared with the other three previously sequenced mitogenomes ( VNIIKR SE Dcaul3, MSPL 10-6 and VNIIKR SE Dps12). The six mitogenomes were found to be circular DNA molecules, with lengths ranging from 53,646 bp to 108,865 bp.

Identification, Molecular Characterization, and Biology of a Novel Infecting the Plant Fungus .

A novel double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) virus was isolated and described from strain ZZZ210557 of plant endophyte . The dsRNA virus contains four dsRNA segments, dsRNA1 to dsRNA4, with a size range of 3.8 to 5.

The Role of Fibroblasts in Chronic Inflammatory and Proliferative Skin Diseases.

Fibroblasts (FBs) are crucial mesenchymal cells that preserve the skin's natural structure and physiological processes. They can build dense connective tissue by remodelling the extracellular matrix (ECM) and control immunological activity by secreting cytokines. This indicates that the development of chronic inflammatory and proliferative skin disorders is significantly influenced by fibroblasts.

Effects of comprehensive intervention models on cognitive frailty in community-dwelling older adults: A 12-month follow-up study.

Background: Cognitive frailty (CF) is of concern because of its high prevalence in older population and its close association with adverse health outcomes. However, interventions against CF in China are relatively simple. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to analyse the effects of comprehensive interventions on CF in community-dwelling older adults.

Nano-Metal-Organic Frameworks Isolated in Mesoporous Structures.

As an alternative to bulk counterparts, metal-organic framework (MOF) nanoparticles isolated within conductive mesoporous carbon matrices are of increasing interest for electrochemical applications. Although promising, a "clean" carbon surface is generally associated with poor compatibility and weak interactions with metal/ligand precursors, which leads to the growth of MOFs with inhomogeneous particle sizes on outer pore walls. Here, a general methodology for in situ synthesis of eight nanoMOF composites within mesochannels with high dispersity and stability are reported.

Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Exocyclic α,β-Unsaturated Nitriles: An Access to Chiral 2-Benzocyclic Acetonitriles and Ramelteon.

A highly efficient and enantioselective hydrogenation of exocyclic α,β-unsaturated nitriles catalyzed by the Rh-JosiPhos complex for synthesis of the chiral 2-benzocyclic acetonitriles has been developed. Both ()- and ()-isomers of exocyclic α,β-unsaturated nitriles with various benzocyclic structures, including heterocyclic (chroman and tetrahydroquinoline) scaffolds, were hydrogenated successfully, achieving excellent enantioselectivities (up to 97% ee) and high turnover numbers (TON up to 4000). Furthermore, this methodology provides an efficient, concise, and practical synthetic route to the sleep agent ()-Ramelteon.

Case report: Metastatic gastric squamous cell carcinoma with long duration of complete response via three-staged radical concurrent chemoradiotherapy.

Introduction: Primary Gastric Squamous Cell Carcinoma (GSCC), especially in late-stage, is a very rare pathological type with poor prognosis. We report a long duration of Complete Response (CR) of GSCC case with multiple metastases by an elaborate three-staged radical Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy (CCRT).

Case Presentation: A 36-year-old male suffered from weakness and melena, and then was diagnosed as primary GSCC with cT3N3M1, Stage IV.

Influencing factors of chronic pain after total knee replacement in osteoarthritis patients: a nomogram prediction model.

Objectives: To analyze the factors influencing chronic pain in patients with knee osteoarthritis after total knee replacement surgery (TKRS) and to construct a nomogram risk prediction model, providing an economically effective screening method for clinical use.

Methods: This retrospective study included 100 consecutive patients at the Jinan Central Hospital, with knee osteoarthritis who underwent TKRS from January 2023 to December 2023. Patients were divided into the observation group (n=55) and the control group (n=45) based on the presence of chronic pain.

Diversity of Species Associated with Canker and Dieback in Fruit Trees in the Henan and Shandong Provinces of China.

is a widely distributed genus that is associated with a variety of diseases in many plant species, especially fruit trees. In this study, a disease survey of fruit trees growing in 12 orchards located in the Henan and Shandong provinces of China was conducted between 2020 and 2022. The symptoms observed included stem canker, branch dieback, and gummosis.

Ginkgo biloba extract (EGb-761) confers neuroprotection against ischemic stroke by augmenting autophagic/lysosomal signaling pathway.

Ginkgo biloba extract (EGb-761) is well-recognized to have neuroprotective properties. Meanwhile, autophagy machinery is extensively involved in the pathophysiological processes of ischemic stroke. The EGb-761 is widely used in the clinical treatment of stroke patients.

Structures, Properties, and Bioengineering Applications of Alginates and Hyaluronic Acid.

In recent years, polymeric materials have been used in a wide range of applications in a variety of fields. In particular, in the field of bioengineering, the use of natural biomaterials offers a possible new avenue for the development of products with better biocompatibility, biodegradability, and non-toxicity. This paper reviews the structural and physicochemical properties of alginate and hyaluronic acid, as well as the applications of the modified cross-linked derivatives in tissue engineering and drug delivery.

Molecular characterization of a novel victorivirus isolated from the phytopathogenic fungus Phaeobotryon rhois.

Phaeobotryon rhois is an important pathogenic fungus that causes dieback and canker disease of woody hosts. A novel mycovirus, tentatively named "Phaeobotryon rhois victorivirus 1" (PrVV1), was identified in P. rhois strain SX8-4.

BsTup1 is required for growth, conidiogenesis, stress response and pathogenicity of Bipolaris sorokiniana.

Tup1, a conserved transcriptional repressor, plays a critical role in the growth and development of fungi. Here, we identified a BsTup1 gene from the plant pathogenic fungus Bipolaris sorokiniana. The expression of BsTup1 showed a more than three-fold increase during the conidial stage compared with mycelium stage.

Comparative mitochondrial genome analyses reveal conserved gene arrangement but massive expansion/contraction in two closely related pathogens.

and , two closely related fungal species, are both economically important pathogens but have quite different target hosts (specific to plants and cross-kingdom infection, respectively). In the present study, complete circular mitochondrial genomes of the two species were sequenced and assembled, which mainly comprised the same set of 13 core protein-coding genes (PCGs), two rRNAs, and a certain number of tRNAs and unidentified open reading frames (ORFs). Comparative analyses indicated that these two fungi had significant mitogenomic collinearity and consistent mitochondrial gene arrangement, yet with vastly different mitogenome sizes, 264,948 bp and 64,620 bp, respectively.

A quasi-3D SbS/reduced graphene oxide/MXene (TiCT) hybrid for high-rate and durable sodium-ion batteries.

Antimony sulfide (SbS) is a promising anode material for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) owing to its high theoretical capacity and superior reversibility. However, its cycling life and rate performance are seriously impeded by the inferior inherent electroconductibility and tremendous volume change in the charging/discharging processes. Herein, a quasi three-dimensional (3D) SbS/RGO/MXene composite, with SbS nanoparticles (∼15 nm) uniformly distributed in the quasi-3D RGO/MXene architecture, was prepared by a toilless hydrothermal treatment.

A combined risk model for the multi-encompassing identification of heterogeneities of prognoses, biological pathway variations and immune states for sepsis patients.

Background: Sepsis is a highly heterogeneous syndrome with stratified severity levels and immune states. Even in patients with similar clinical appearances, the underlying signal transduction pathways are significantly different. To identify the heterogeneities of sepsis from multiple angles, we aimed to establish a combined risk model including the molecular risk score for rapid mortality prediction, pathway risk score for the identification of biological pathway variations, and immunity risk score for guidance with immune-modulation therapy.

Mitogenome-wide comparison and phylogeny reveal group I intron dynamics and intraspecific diversification within the phytopathogen .

, the causal agent of an extensive range of plant diseases worldwide, is a momentous fungus with diverse lifestyles and rich in intraspecies variations. In the present study, a total of 56 mitochondrial genomes of were assembled (except two available online) and analyzed, of which 16 mitogenomes were newly sequenced here. All these circular mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) molecules, ranging from 39,223 bp to 45,786 bp in length, comprised the same set of 13 core protein-coding genes (PCGs), two rRNAs and 27 tRNAs arranged in identical order.

Nanopore/Illumina Hybrid Genome Sequence Resource for Strain XJ Infecting Rubber Tree in China.

is a ubiquitous pathogenic fungus that can infect a broad range of plant hosts. Corynespora leaf fall, caused by , is one of the major diseases on rubber tree in China. This disease is having an increasing affect on natural rubber production worldwide.

Molecular characterization of a novel partitivirus isolated from the phytopathogenic fungus Aplosporella javeedii.

Aplosporella javeedii is a pathogenic fungus that causes canker and dieback of jujube in China. In this study, we report a new mycovirus, Aplosporella javeedii partitivirus 1 (AjPV1), isolated from A. javeedii strain NX55-3.

Complete genome sequence of a novel mycovirus isolated from the phytopathogenic fungus Corynespora cassiicola in China.

A novel mycovirus, named "Corynespora cassiicola bipartite mycovirus 1" (CcBV1), was isolated from a phytopathogenic fungus, Corynespora cassiicola, the causal agent of rubber leaf fall disease. The nucleotide sequence of the complete genome of CcBV1, which consists of two double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) segments, was determined. The first dsRNA is 2,002 bp in length and contains a single open reading frame (ORF) encoding a putative RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) (69 kDa), while the second is 1,738 bp in length and contains a single ORF encoding a hypothetical protein of unknown function, with an approximately molecular weight of 36 kDa.

Tracking Neoantigens by Personalized Circulating Tumor DNA Sequencing during Checkpoint Blockade Immunotherapy in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

The evolutionary dynamics of tumor-associated neoantigens carry information about drug sensitivity and resistance to the immune checkpoint blockade (ICB). However, the spectrum of somatic mutations is highly heterogeneous among patients, making it difficult to track neoantigens by circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) sequencing using "one size fits all" commercial gene panels. Thus, individually customized panels (ICPs) are needed to track neoantigen evolution comprehensively during ICB treatment.