Deciphering chromatin domain, domain community and chromunity for 3D genome maps with Mactop.

Advanced high-throughput chromosome conformation capture techniques, like Hi-C, reveal genome organization into structural units like topologically associating domains (TADs), which are crucial in gene expression regulation. While accurately identifying TADs is vital, distinguishing different types of TAD boundaries and TAD categories remains a significant challenge in genomic research. We develop a Markov clustering-based tool, Mactop, to accurately identify TADs and provide biologically important classifications of TADs and their boundaries.

Highly Flexible Porous Aromatic Frameworks with Exceptional Adsorption Capacity Toward Volatile Organic Compounds.

In this work we report a novel strategy to enhance the adsorption capacity of conventional porous materials by engineering intrinsic framework flexibility into porous aromatic frameworks (PAFs). Through Yamamoto-type copolymerization of a rigid tetrahedral monomer (tetrakis(4-bromophenyl)methane) and a flexible counterpart (tetrakis[(4-bromophenoxy)methyl]methane), we synthesized a series of flexible PAFs (FPAF-x, x = 0-2) with tunable flexibility. FPAF-0.

Does Frequency of the Mechanical Vibration Matter? Evaluating the Impact of Whole-Body Vibration Training on Older Adults Strength, Balance, and Gait Performance: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis.

Objective: To identify the optimal whole-body vibration training (WBVT) mechanical vibration frequency for enhancing muscle strength, static balance, dynamic balance, and gait performance among older adults through systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Data Sources: PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Scopus databases were systematically searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) up to December 2024.

Study Selection: The RCTs comparing low-frequency WBVT (LF-WBVT, frequency of the mechanical vibration, f<20 Hz), medium-frequency WBVT (MF-WBVT, 20 Hz≤f<30 Hz), and high-frequency WBVT (HF-WBVT, 30 Hz≤f≤40 Hz), and traditional training regarding their effects on strength, balance, and gait in healthy older adults were included.

SEER-based machine learning prediction of bone metastasis in breast cancer: model development and validation.

Background: Breast cancer (BC) is the leading cancer in women. It often metastasizes to bone, worsening the prognosis. Diagnostic methods often fail to predict bone metastasis (BM).

Switching to tenofovir alafenamide in virally-suppressed chronic hepatitis B patients with renal/hepatic impairment: Phase 2 study sub-analysis from Taiwan.

Background/purpose: Tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) has demonstrated non-inferior efficacy to tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) with improved bone and renal safety across diverse populations, including those with mild renal or hepatic impairment. We evaluated TAF efficacy and safety in a subset of Taiwanese chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients enrolled in a phase 2, multicentre study (NCT03180619) of patients with more advanced renal or hepatic impairment.

Methods: In a sub-analysis of virally-suppressed (hepatitis B virus DNA <20 IU/mL) adult Taiwanese CHB patients with renal (chronic kidney disease stage ≥1) or hepatic (Child-Turcotte-Pugh Class B or C) impairment, all participants received open-label TAF 25 mg once daily for 96 weeks.

Chirality-Induced Spin Selectivity of Photo-Generated Electrons in Hybrid Organic-Inorganic Perovskites for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution.

Photocatalytic hydrogen evolution (PHE) is attractive for sustainable energy production, yet its efficiency lags photovoltaic conversion mainly due to the step of H‒H bonding for hydrogen generation on photocatalysts. Herein, the spin-enhanced PHE using photocatalysts of chiral perovskites (MBPI) are reported, where the spin orientations of photocarriers are aligned antiparallelly for H‒H bonding via the chiral-induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect. It is observed that the rac-MBPI shows a 3.

Cognitive characteristics and ischemic prognosis of quantitative white matter hyperintensities in adult moyamoya disease.

Background: White matter hyperintensities (WMHs) are associated with long-term stroke and cognitive decline in the elderly population but differ from the young and middle-aged populations, especially for those with moyamoya disease (MMD). The aim of this study was to modify the Fazekas grade and quantitatively analyze the effects of WMHs on multiple cognitive domains and 2-year clinical ischemic events in adult MMD patients.

Methods: Adult MMD patients and healthy controls were recruited for a comprehensive cognitive assessment.

Development and validation of a risk prediction model for depression in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Background: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a prevalent respiratory condition often accompanied by depression, which exacerbates disease burden and impairs quality of life. Early identification of depression risk in COPD patients remains a clinical challenge.

Objective: This study aimed to develop a machine learning-based model to predict depression risk in COPD patients, utilizing interpretable features from clinical and demographic data to support early intervention.

Selective electroreduction of carbon dioxide to ethylene over stable iodide-induced asymmetric copper sites within a metal-organic polyhedron.

Porous Cu-based metal-organic compounds have attracted increasing attention for CO electroreduction due to their well-defined porous structures and abundant metal sites. However, the classical {Cu}-paddlewheel moieties within these materials often show poor electrochemical stability, leading to structural degradation during CO electroreduction. Here, we report a strategy to generate stable {Cu(II)·Cu(I)} active sites by iodide species in a Cu-based metal-organic polyhedron, Cu-TCBB (TCBB=1,3,5-tris(4'-carboxybiphenyl-2-yl)benzene), to not only promote CH production but also clarify the real active sites of {Cu}-paddlewheel-based materials during CO electroreduction.

Boosting Few-shot Semantic Segmentation of 3D Medical Images via Collaborative Slice Alignment.

Few-shot semantic segmentation (FSS) of 3D medical images requires finding a 2D slice from the labeled volume as support to 'query' slices of the unlabeled one. Accurately determining support slices is crucial for learning representative prototypical features, thereby enhancing segmentation accuracy. The existing methods typically resort to the true position of the query target to align the query with support slices or simply exploit one key support slice to segment all query slices, which inevitably results in poor practicality and mis-segmentation.

PKM2 alleviates mitochondrial oxidative stress and neuronal apoptosis through metabolic and non-metabolic pathways to protect SOD1 mice.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease characterized by selective motor neuron death. Dysregulated energy metabolism is implicated in ALS pathogenesis, yet the role of pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2), a key glycolytic enzyme, remains elusive. Here, we demonstrated that PKM2 expression was upregulated in the spinal neurons of SOD1 mice during early stages of disease.

Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluations of a Novel Resveratrol-Type Analogue Against VEGF.

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), also known as VEGF-A, has been reported to mediate various diseases, including cancer and wet age-related macular degeneration (wAMD). Despite the fact that VEGF inhibitors are commercially available and appear to be effective in clinical applications, adverse effects have been caused by these treatments. There is an unmet need for developing novel VEGF-targeted treatments against these diseases.

Distinct survival strategies in oligotrophic and eutrophic ecotype -bacteria co-cultures under iron limitation and warming conditions.

Phytoplankton-bacteria interactions underpin primary production and nutrient cycling in both oligotrophic and eutrophic aquatic environments, profoundly influencing marine biogeochemical cycles. Despite their importance, how these interactions vary under simultaneous environmental stressors such as warming and iron (Fe) limitation remains largely unexplored, especially across differing ecotypes. Here, we compared the responses of oligotrophic (strain YX04-1) and eutrophic (strain XM-24) ecotype -heterotrophic bacteria interactions to concurrent warming and Fe limitation, using the 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing alongside metagenomic and metatranscriptomic analyses.

Development and validation of a scoring system to evaluate and clinically manage postoperative acute infarction complications in moyamoya disease.

Background: Revascularization is the most widely used treatment for moyamoya disease (MMD) but is associated with relatively high incidence of ischaemic complications in adult patients. At present, the guidelines in various countries do not include effective recommendations regarding postoperative complications, and a simple, practical and reliable scoring system is needed for rapid clinical evaluation and decision-making.

Methods: In this prognostic study, we developed a prediction model based on a single-centre cohort and validated it in a multicentre external prospective cohort.

Integrative Machine Learning Approach to Explore Glycosylation Signatures and Immune Landscape in Moyamoya Disease.

Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a rare, chronic cerebrovascular disorder of uncertain etiology. Although abnormal glucose metabolism has been implicated, the contribution of glycosylation-related genes in MMD remains elusive. In this study, we analyzed 2 transcriptome data sets (GSE189993 and GSE131293) from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database to identify 723 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between MMD patients and controls.

Biomimetic Surface with Prominent Insulating and Hydrophobic Performance Self-Assembled by Plasma and FAS-17 Synergistically Fluorinated Boron Nitride Nanosheets.

Flashover and dampness deterioration are critical factors threatening external epoxy composite insulation devices, which badly affect the security of high-voltage transmission equipment. The surface of the epoxy composite is vulnerable in insulation. Therefore, it is important to prevent surface insulation failure by constructing a stable and high-performance surface.

Nutritional status and systemic inflammation in COPD: prognostic value of the advanced lung cancer inflammation index.

Background: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a leading cause of global mortality, with systemic inflammation and malnutrition playing pivotal roles in its progression and outcomes. The Advanced Lung Cancer Inflammation Index (ALI), which integrates nutritional status and systemic inflammation, may offer potential prognostic value in COPD management.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between ALI and mortality outcomes in COPD patients, with a specific focus on the interplay between nutrition, inflammation, and their non-linear associations with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality.

Follow-up of antibody changes in brucellosis patients in Gansu, China.

Unlabelled: Brucellosis, caused by the intracellular bacterium , often leads to chronic infection with recurrent symptoms, posing significant therapeutic challenges. Effective monitoring of antibody dynamics is crucial for understanding disease progression and enhancing clinical outcomes. To investigate the longitudinal dynamics of antibody titers and antigen-specific responses in animal husbandry practitioners exposed to brucellosis in Gansu, China.

Nomogram for predicting delayed intraparenchymal hemorrhage after pipeline embolization device treatment in patients with intracranial aneurysms: a multicenter, retrospective model development and validation study.

Background: Delayed intraparenchymal hemorrhage (DIPH) is a severe complication after pipeline embolization device (PED) deployment for intracranial aneurysms (IAs). However, predictive models are lacking. This study aims to develop and validate a new nomogram to predict DIPH risk in IA patients.

Gold-Autocatalyzed Synthesis of Multi-Element Nanoparticles.

The incorporation of multiple metal elements into a nanoparticle without phase separation holds promise for versatile applications, yet a facile synthetic strategy is lacking. Herein, a simple and facile approach is presented, i.e.