Bismuth nanospheres enabling sacrificial-agent-free bromate photoreduction and total bromine mitigation for safer water treatment.

Zero-valent bismuth (Bi) nanospheres with a hollow structure were synthesized via a polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)-assisted solvothermal method and applied as efficient photocatalysts for the sacrificial-agent-free photoreduction of bromate (BrO) under ultraviolet (UV) irradiation. The optimized Bi-0.6 catalyst exhibited a narrowed band gap and enhanced charge separation efficiency, achieving 99.

Sodium alginate-combined ultrasonic modification of starch: Structural characterization, batter properties, and crispiness improvement in fried fish.

Sodium alginate-combined ultrasonic (SA-US) modification of wheat flour and corn starch was characterized to investigate its effects on batter properties and fried fish crispiness. This modification significantly increased hydration properties, and gelatinization temperature of wheat flour and corn starch (P < 0.05), while decreasing short-range structure, double helices, crystallinity, and starch granules' integrity.

Association between maternal sexually transmitted diseases and birth defects in the United States: A nationwide population-based study.

Purpose: We estimated the association between maternal sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and the risk of specific birth defects among live singleton births in the United States (US).

Methods: We conducted a population-based study using data from birth certificates for 14,602,822 live singleton births occurring from 2016 to 2019 in the US. We used logistic regression to estimate the associations between three maternal STDs (chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis) and the risk of four specific birth defects (gastroschisis, cleft lip with or without cleft palate, spina bifida, and hypospadias), adjusting for socio-demographic and pregnancy-related factors.

CBCT Analysis of Incisor Movement and Alveolar Bone Changes in Class II Malocclusion Treatment with Premolar Extraction using Clear Aligner: A Retrospective Study.

Objectives: This retrospective study evaluates alveolar bone remodeling patterns and their association with incisor displacement in adults undergoing clear aligner therapy with premolar extractions for Class II malocclusion correction.

Methods: Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans of 38 maxillary and 37 mandibular incisors were analyzed. Displacement vectors for four anatomical landmarks (cusp tip [C], root apex [R], root neck midpoint [M], labial cementoenamel junction [L]) were quantified.

Integration of transcriptomics and metabolomics to reveal crizotinib-induced liver injury in mice.

Drug-induced liver injury is a major cause of acute liver failure. Crizotinib is a first-line treatment for patients with cellular-mesenchymal epithelial transition factor (c-MET), anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), and ROS proto-oncogene 1 (ROS1)-positive non-small cell lung cancer. Although some patients treated with crizotinib experience hepatic adverse effects, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear.