Association between maternal sexually transmitted diseases and birth defects in the United States: A nationwide population-based study.

Purpose: We estimated the association between maternal sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and the risk of specific birth defects among live singleton births in the United States (US).

Methods: We conducted a population-based study using data from birth certificates for 14,602,822 live singleton births occurring from 2016 to 2019 in the US. We used logistic regression to estimate the associations between three maternal STDs (chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis) and the risk of four specific birth defects (gastroschisis, cleft lip with or without cleft palate, spina bifida, and hypospadias), adjusting for socio-demographic and pregnancy-related factors.

Patient research partners in core outcome set development: a systematic review.

Background And Objectives: A core outcome set (COS) is a minimal set of outcomes that clinical trials in a specific health or health-care area should report. Patient research partners (PRPs) should engage in all stages of COS development (coleading and codeveloping the COS). PRPs contribute the lived experience of a condition, and this perspective can improve the quality and uptake of COSs.

A common outcome set for trials in dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB COS).

Introduction: Methodological heterogeneity in dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) trials contributes to publication bias and makes evidence synthesis and meta-analysis challenging. We aimed to develop a core outcome set for DLB (DLB COS) trials to improve consistency and comparability in DLB research.

Methods: We conducted a systematic review to identify outcomes and administered a two-stage Delphi survey to a diverse panel of lay and professional stakeholders.

Associations between hysterectomy and pelvic floor disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: Hysterectomy is the second most common surgery performed among women in the United States. The associations between hysterectomy and the risk of pelvic floor disorders remain unclear. The objective of this study is to systematically review the associations between hysterectomy and the likelihood of pelvic floor disorders.

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Health-State Utility Values for Infectious Diseases With Pandemic Potential and Associated Vaccine Adverse Reactions.

Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic and its vaccine deployment have illustrated the importance of estimating the disease burden of the pandemic and vaccine adverse reactions in a comparable fashion. The objective was to evaluate health-state utility value (HSUV) scores for infectious diseases with pandemic potential and associated vaccine adverse reactions.

Methods: We included studies from which we could extract a single HSUV associated with priority infectious diseases with pandemic potential or associated vaccine adverse reactions.

Mental Health and Occupational Stress Among Emergency Telecommunicators: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objectives: To systematically review the (1) incidence, prevalence, and severity of mental health issues and occupational stress issues among emergency telecommunicators, and (2) effectiveness and harms of interventions to promote resistance and resilience regarding these issues.

Methods: We searched Medline, Embase, CENTRAL, CINAHL, ClinicalTrials.gov, journals, and websites from January 1, 2001, through June 30, 2024.

Interventions Targeting Resistance and Resilience Among Emergency Medical Service Clinicians: A Systematic Review.

Objectives: To systematically review the effectiveness and harms of interventions to promote resistance and resilience regarding mental health and occupational stress issues among emergency medical service (EMS) clinicians.

Methods: We registered the systematic review prospectively on PROSPERO (CRD42023465325). We searched Medline, Embase, CENTRAL, CINAHL, ClinicalTrials.

An analysis of controlled human infection studies registered on ClinicalTrials.gov.

Objectives: Controlled human infection studies (CHIS) involve intentional exposure of human volunteers to infectious agents. A previous systematic review found that adverse event (AE) reporting across CHIS is inconsistent, which makes data aggregation and reuse difficult. We hypothesised that data may be more easily aggregated using a clinical trial registry such as ClinicalTrals.

Age- and sex-stratified risks of myocarditis and pericarditis attributable to COVID-19 vaccination: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Although COVID-19 vaccines are generally very safe, the risks of myocarditis and pericarditis after receiving an messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccine have been established, with the highest risk in young men. Most systematic reviews and meta-analyses of the risk of myocarditis or pericarditis have included passive surveillance data, which is subject to reporting errors. Accurate measures of age-, sex-, and vaccine dose- and type-specific risks are crucial for assessment of the benefits and risks of the vaccination.

: a large language model that generates search queries for systematic reviews.

Objectives: Development of search queries for systematic reviews (SRs) is time-consuming. In this work, we capitalize on recent advances in large language models (LLMs) and a relatively large dataset of natural language descriptions of reviews and corresponding Boolean searches to generate Boolean search queries from SR titles and key questions.

Materials And Methods: We curated a training dataset of 10 346 SR search queries registered in PROSPERO.

Radiofrequency Ablation for the Treatment of Uterine Fibroids: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis by the AAGL Practice Committee.

Objective: To systematically review clinical and patient-reported outcomes after radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for the treatment of uterine fibroids.

Data Sources: We searched Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane Registry of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) on September 8, 2023, and requested additional data from industry sources. We included published, peer-reviewed studies of patient-centered outcomes of RFA when used for symptomatic fibroids.

Selective outcome reporting in trials of behavioural health interventions in health psychology and behavioural medicine journals: a review.

Selective outcome reporting can result in overestimation of treatment effects, research waste, and reduced openness and transparency. This review aimed to examine selective outcome reporting in trials of behavioural health interventions and determine potential outcome reporting bias. A review of nine health psychology and behavioural medicine journals was conducted to identify randomised controlled trials of behavioural health interventions published since 2019.

Dexamethasone Intracanalicular Insert for Clinically Significant Aqueous-Deficient Dry Eye: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Purpose: To evaluate a commercially available dexamethasone intracanalicular insert to treat dry eye.

Design: Single-center, double-masked randomized controlled trial.

Participants: Patients with clinically significant aqueous-deficient dry eye (combined ocular surface staining score, ≥ 3 [0-12]; corneal fluorescein staining score, ≥ 2 [0-6]; and Schirmer's wetting, < 10 mm at 5 minutes in both eyes) with symptoms (dryness, eye discomfort, or visual fatigue, ≥ 30 [0-100]) despite treatment with at least 1 prescription drop and deemed candidates for topical steroid therapy.

Study found increasing use of core outcome sets in Cochrane systematic reviews and identified facilitators and barriers.

Objectives: In 2019, only 7% of Cochrane systematic reviews (SRs) cited a core outcome set (COS) in relation to choosing outcomes, even though a relevant COS existed but was not mentioned (or cited) for a further 29% of SRs. Our objectives for the current work were to (1) examine the extent to which authors are currently considering COS to inform outcome choice in Cochrane protocols and completed SRs, and (2) understand author facilitators and barriers to using COS.

Study Design And Setting: We examined all completed Cochrane SRs published in the last 3 months of 2022 and all Cochrane protocols published in 2022 for the extent to which they: (a) cited a COS, (b) searched for COS, (c) used outcomes from existing COS, and (d) reported outcome inconsistency among included studies and/or noted the need for COS.

Patient barriers and facilitators for making environmental and behavioral modifications for dry eye in the United States.

Background: Managing dry eye disease (DED) is expensive. Often, prescribed treatments improve clinical signs but not patient-reported symptoms. In large surveys, clinicians and patients ranked environmental and behavioral modifications among the most important DED-related research priorities.

Using behavioral science to increase core outcome set use in trials.

Objectives: Core outcome sets (COS) are agreed sets of outcomes for use in clinical trials, which can increase standardization and reduce heterogeneity of outcomes in research. Using a COS, or not, is a behavior that can potentially be increased using behavioral strategies. The aim of this study was to identify behavioral intervention components to potentially increase use of COS in trials.

Prevalence of dry eye and Meibomian gland dysfunction in Central and South America: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Dry eye is one of the most common ophthalmic conditions and can significantly impact quality of life. Meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) is a major cause of evaporative dry eye. We sought to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to estimate the prevalence and incidence of dry eye and MGD in Central and South America and to identify factors associated with disease burden.

Methods proposed for monitoring the implementation of evidence-based research: a cross-sectional study.

Objectives: Evidence-based research (EBR) is the systematic and transparent use of prior research to inform a new study so that it answers questions that matter in a valid, efficient, and accessible manner. This study surveyed experts about existing (e.g.

Variation observed in consensus judgments between pairs of reviewers when assessing the risk of bias due to missing evidence in a sample of published meta-analyses of nutrition research.

Objectives: To evaluate the risk of bias due to missing evidence in a sample of published meta-analyses of nutrition research using the Risk Of Bias due to Missing Evidence (ROB-ME) tool and determine inter-rater agreement in assessments.

Study Design And Setting: We assembled a random sample of 42 meta-analyses of nutrition research. Eight assessors were randomly assigned to one of four pairs.

Physical job demands in pregnancy and associated musculoskeletal health and employment outcomes: a systematic review.

Objective: A decline in musculoskeletal health during pregnancy is an underappreciated adverse outcome of pregnancy that can have immediate and long-term health consequences. High physical job demands are known risk factors for nontraumatic musculoskeletal disorders in the general working population. Evidence from meta-analyses suggest that occupational lifting and prolonged standing during pregnancy may increase risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes.