Chronic Ocular Surface Pain: An Optometrist and Ophthalmologist Survey.

Introduction: Chronic ocular surface pain (COSP) is defined as ocular pain that is perceived to originate from the ocular surface and persists for more than 3 months. Clear epidemiological data on COSP prevalence are lacking.

Methods: In 2025, a total of 100 eye care providers were surveyed, including 50 optometrists and 50 ophthalmologists.

Kahook Dual Blade Goniotomy Outcomes in the Underserved Dominican Republic Black and Afro-Latinx Population.

Black and Afro-Latinx communities have a higher propensity for more-severe glaucoma at a younger age. This study aimed to use the Kahook Dual Blade (KDB) to treat all glaucoma subtypes and severity levels in this historically underserved community. This study involved a retrospective analysis of surgical case records, with follow-up through 20 months.

Understanding Perspectives on Presbyopia and Use of Pilocarpine HCl 1.25% Twice Daily from Participants of the Phase 3 VIRGO Study.

Introduction: The phase 3, randomized, vehicle-controlled, 14-day VIRGO study evaluated the efficacy and safety of twice-daily dosing of pilocarpine hydrochloride ophthalmic solution 1.25% (Pilo) in presbyopia. On VIRGO exit, a companion study was conducted to assess the patient experience with presbyopia and satisfaction with Pilo.

Patient barriers and facilitators for making environmental and behavioral modifications for dry eye in the United States.

Background: Managing dry eye disease (DED) is expensive. Often, prescribed treatments improve clinical signs but not patient-reported symptoms. In large surveys, clinicians and patients ranked environmental and behavioral modifications among the most important DED-related research priorities.

Prolonged facemask wearing among hospital workers and dry eye - a mixed-methods study.

Background: Prolonged facemask wearing may have negatively affected essential workers with dry eye. We conducted a mixed-methods study to examine and understand the associations of the ocular surface, periocular environment, and dry eye-related symptoms among hospital workers across the job spectrum with prolonged facemask use.

Methods: We recruited clinical and non-clinical hospital workers with self-reported symptoms of dry eye and prolonged facemask use.

Topical ophthalmic anesthetics for corneal abrasions.

Background: Despite potential analgesic benefits from topical ophthalmic amides and esters, their outpatient use has become of concern because of the potential for abuse and ophthalmic complications.

Objectives: To assess the effectiveness and safety of topical ophthalmic anesthetics compared with placebo or other treatments in persons with corneal abrasions.

Search Methods: We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL); MEDLINE; Embase.

Impact of a formal manual small-incision cataract surgery curriculum in an American ophthalmology residency program.

Purpose: Global ophthalmology educational activities often include the ability of ophthalmology residents to partake in low-resource clinical care at home and abroad. Low-resource surgical techniques have become a pillar of education during formalized global ophthalmology fellowships. A formal manual small-incision cataract surgery (MSICS) curriculum was started in the University of Colorado's residency training program to meet the growing demand for this surgical skill and to allow for more sustainable outreach work from our graduates.

Disparities in eye clinic patient encounters among patients requiring language interpreter services.

Background: Communication barriers are a major cause of health disparities for patients with limited English proficiency (LEP). Medical interpreters play an important role in bridging this gap, however the impact of interpreters on outpatient eye center visits has not been studied. We aimed to evaluate the differences in length of eyecare visits between LEP patients self-identifying as requiring a medical interpreter and English speakers at a tertiary, safety-net hospital in the United States.

Comparison of cataract surgery outcomes in English proficient and limited English proficiency patients.

Purpose: To determine differences in cataract surgery outcomes between English proficient (EP) and limited English proficiency (LEP) patients.

Setting: Sue Anschutz-Rodgers Eye Center, Aurora, Colorado.

Design: Retrospective.

Automated precision pulse capsulotomy vs manual capsulorhexis in white cataracts: reduction in procedural time and resource utilization.

Purpose: To compare the utility of precision pulse capsulotomy (PPC) with manual capsulorhexis for capsulotomy in white cataracts.

Setting: Hospital-based academic practice.

Design: Retrospective analysis of surgical case records and surgical videos from a single surgeon.

Prevalence and Incidence of Dry Eye and Meibomian Gland Dysfunction in the United States: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Importance: Dry eye is a common clinical manifestation, a leading cause of eye clinic visits, and a significant societal and personal economic burden in the United States. Meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) is a major cause of evaporative dry eye.

Objective: To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to obtain updated estimates of the prevalence and incidence of dry eye and MGD in the United States.

Topical corticosteroids for dry eye.

Background: Dry eye disease (DED), arising from various etiologic factors, leads to tear film instability, ocular surface damage, and neurosensory changes. DED causes symptoms such as ocular dryness, burning, itching, pain, and visual impairment. Given their well-established anti-inflammatory effects, topical steroid preparations have been widely used as a short-term treatment option for DED.

Two Year Randomized Prospective Comparison of Ahmed Valve Versus Baerveldt Implant in Vitrectomized Eyes.

Prcis: Ahmed Valve and Baerveldt shunt are efficacious options in vitrectomized eyes. Baerveldt implant achieves a lower mean intraocular pressure (IOP) at 2 years, with fewer medications and a higher percentage of medication-free patients.

Purpose: To investigate and compare the efficacy and complications between Ahmed FP7 Glaucoma Valve (AGV) and Baerveldt 101-350 Glaucoma Implant (BGI) in vitrectomized eyes.

Outcomes and Risk Factors for Complications in Cataract Patients with Hepatitis C Virus Infection.

Purpose: To describe outcomes of patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) seropositivity undergoing cataract surgery, as well as investigate risk factors for surgical complications.

Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study of all consecutive patients who underwent cataract surgery at a tertiary care hospital in the United States between 2014 and 2019. The exposure of interest was HCV seropositivity and outcomes included surgical complications and associated risk factors, visual acuity, and post-operative complications.

Association between Increased Cataract Surgery Duration and Postoperative Outcomes.

Purpose: To describe the relationship between surgical duration and post-operative outcomes in patients undergoing simple cataract surgery.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study using data from the University of Colorado Department of Ophthalmology Cataract Outcomes Database. We studied eyes which underwent uncomplicated and non-complex cataract extraction via phacoemulsification between January 1, 2014 and December 31, 2018.

Prevalence and incidence of dry eye in the USA: a systematic review protocol.

Introduction: Dry eye is a multifactorial chronic condition characterised by tear film insufficiency and instability, and ocular symptoms including foreign body sensation, itching, irritation, soreness and visual disturbance. The prevalence and incidence of dry eye are major determinants of the magnitude of economic and societal costs of the disease. This protocol proposes a systematic review and meta-analysis of the prevalence and incidence of dry eye in the USA.

3D Printing in Eye Care.

Three-dimensional printing enables precise modeling of anatomical structures and has been employed in a broad range of applications across medicine. Its earliest use in eye care included orbital models for training and surgical planning, which have subsequently enabled the design of custom-fit prostheses in oculoplastic surgery. It has evolved to include the production of surgical instruments, diagnostic tools, spectacles, and devices for delivery of drug and radiation therapy.

Fibrotic cataract as a sign of posterior capsule violation post vitrectomy.

Purpose: To report fibrotic cataract as a sign of posterior capsule violation post vitrectomy.

Observations: A 16 year old female presented to our retina clinic after multiple prior vitrectomies at an outside hospital for traumatic retinal detachment. On presentation, it was noted that she still had a silicone oil inside the eye, and a dense, fibrotic cataract limiting the posterior pole view.

One-Year Randomized Comparison of Safety and Efficacy of Trabeculectomy with Mitomycin C Sub-Tenon Injection versus Mitomycin C-Infused Sponges.

Purpose: To compare the safety and efficacy of sub-Tenon injection of mitomycin C (MMC) with application of MMC-infused sponges during trabeculectomy.

Design: Single-center randomized clinical trial.

Participants: A total of 56 eyes of 49 patients with open-angle glaucoma were included in this clinical trial.

A Modified Flanged Intrascleral Intraocular Lens Fixation Technique Using an Externalized Needle for Haptic Docking.

The Yamane intrascleral flanged haptic fixation technique has obviated the need for resources such as suture or glue. However, intraocular maneuvers to properly dock haptics into the needles for externalization can be difficult for even adept eye surgeons and is especially difficult when visualization through the cornea is poor. Additionally, one traditional resource, intraocular forceps, has been critical in both the original technique and proposed modifications since its inception.

Time Utilization and Refractive Prediction Enhancement Associated with Intraoperative Aberrometry Use During Cataract Surgery.

Purpose: To evaluate the time cost of intraoperative aberrometry (IA), to compare IA prediction error to the prediction error associated with conventional formulas using preoperative calculations (PC) and evaluate when IA provides clinically relevant benefit.

Methods: This is a retrospective study of eyes that underwent cataract phacoemulsification surgery with IA at an academic eye center. IA versus PC prediction error were compared amongst various preoperative and intraoperative characteristics.

Two cases of pen ink scleral tattoos and a brief review of the literature.

Purpose: Scleral tattooing, also known as episcleral, subconjunctival, or simply eyeball tattooing, is a relatively new form of extreme body modification that first emerged in 2007. There are few reports of the management of these tattoos in the medical literature, and we aim to increase the body of knowledge surrounding this rare and potentially dangerous practice.

Observations: We present two new cases of improvised scleral tattooing, both performed in prison using pen ink and insulin needles, and both with minimal complications and managed with topical medications.