Adolescent obesity and insulin resistance: The role of anthropometric indicators in metabolic health.

The present study investigates the relationship between obesity and metabolic, hormonal, and clinical indicators in adolescent girls. A total of 75 girls aged 15-19 years (mean age: 17.53 ± 1.

The effect of TERT promoter mutation on predicting meningioma outcomes: a multi-institutional cohort analysis.

Background: Molecular aberrations have been incorporated into tumour classification guidelines of meningioma. TERT-promoter (TERTp) mutation is associated with worse prognosis and is designated a WHO grade 3 biomarker. However, it remains unclear whether TERTp mutation is context-dependent, with other co-occurring genetic alterations potentially driving its association with prognosis.

A traditional Cameroonian spice, Syzygium guineense curtails leukemia tumor growth through G2-M cell cycle arrest and predicted NLRP3 inflammasome pathway.

Background: S. guineense DC. var.

A graph theory-based algorithm for the reduction of atmospheric chemical mechanisms.

The atmospheric chemistry of volatile organic compounds (VOC) has a major influence on atmospheric pollutants and particle formation. Accurate modeling of this chemistry is essential for air quality models. Complete representations of VOC oxidation chemistry are far too large for spatiotemporal simulations of the atmosphere, necessitating reduced mechanisms.

Histologic Transformation in Cancer: The Path for Clinical Translation.

Unlabelled: Lineage plasticity, a critical hallmark of cancer progression, enables tumor cells to evade inhibition of primary oncogenic pathways through histologic transformation. This adaptive process, driven by stemness-associated features and epigenetic reprogramming, poses significant challenges in treatment. Using non-small cell lung cancer and prostate cancer as models, we examine the utility of tissue and liquid biopsies in detecting histologic transformations and tailoring treatments to specific subtypes, which has profound clinical implications, potentially improving outcomes in patients with advanced, therapy-resistant disease.

Dissecting the role of substrate folding in enzymatic digestion.

The efficiency of enzymatic proteolysis is often attributed to the properties of the enzyme itself, with the substrate typically viewed as a passive participant. In this study, we demonstrate that the conformational state of the substrate critically influences proteolytic efficiency. Using human serum albumin (HSA) as a model substrate, papain as the enzyme, and urea as a controlled denaturing agent, we systematically investigated how substrate conformation might affect proteolysis.

Synthesis, Characterization, and Comprehensive In Vitro and In Silico Evaluation of the Anti-Inflammatory Potential of Novel 1,2,3-Triazole-Arylidenehydrazide/Thiazolidinone Hybrids.

Five novel 1,2,3-triazole/arylidenehydrazide/thiazolidinone hybrid compounds (7-11) were synthesized and characterized using NMR, HRMS, IR, and HPLC purity analysis. The cytotoxicity of these compounds was evaluated on fibroblasts and THP-1 cells, showing that all compounds were nontoxic at the tested concentrations. The wound healing assay revealed that compounds 7, 9, and 10 significantly enhanced wound closure, with a 7.

Characterizing Hearing Outcomes Following Treatment of Cerebellopontine Angle Meningiomas.

Objectives: To characterize treatment and hearing outcomes for cerebellopontine angle (CPA) meningiomas with inherent risks of hearing loss and identify predictors of hearing loss for surgically treated lesions.

Design: Retrospective chart review.

Setting: Tertiary care medical center.

The Effectiveness of Basivertebral Nerve Radiofrequency Ablation for the Treatment of Vertebrogenic Low Back Pain: 1-Year Results of a Prospective Real-World Cohort Study.

Summary Of Background Data: Multiple clinical trials have demonstrated the effectiveness of intraosseous basivertebral nerve radiofrequency ablation (BVNA) for treating vertebrogenic chronic low back pain (vLBP). Few studies have evaluated the effectiveness in a real-world population.

Objectives: Evaluate the effectiveness of BVNA for vLBP in a real-world population.

Combining mental health and climate-smart agricultural interventions to improve food security in humanitarian settings: study protocol for the THRIVE cluster-randomized controlled trial with mothers in Nakivale refugee settlement, Uganda.

Background: Climate extremes in Africa threaten the food security of war-affected refugees, who often experience mental health challenges that hinder their capacity for agricultural adaptation. Cost-effective, climate-smart farming interventions are crucial for addressing food insecurity in humanitarian contexts, yet evidence on their effectiveness is limited, and the potential benefits of integrating them with mental health interventions remain unexplored. We hypothesize that the success of agricultural interventions, especially under adversity, is influenced by mental health and psychological functioning.

Coral anthozoan-specific opsins employ a novel chloride counterion for spectral tuning.

Animal opsins are G protein-coupled receptors that have evolved to sense light by covalently binding a retinal chromophore via a protonated (positively charged) Schiff base. A negatively charged amino acid in the opsin, acting as a counterion, stabilizes the proton on the Schiff base, which is essential for sensitivity to visible light. In this study, we investigate the spectroscopic properties of a unique class of opsins from a reef-building coral belonging to the anthozoan-specific opsin II group (ASO-II opsins), which intriguingly lack a counterion residue at any of established sites.

Advancements in two-dimensional boron nitride nanostructures: properties, preparation methods, and their biomedical applications.

Novel boron nitride (BN) nanostructures with varied dimensionalities and unique and extraordinary qualities like exceptional mechanical properties, high thermal conductivity, excellent chemical properties have applications in diverse and promising fields, encompassing healthcare, environment, and energy. Amongst the boron nitride nanostructures, two-dimensional BN sheets have been extensively explored by researchers due to their planar topography, which confers them with distinct qualities in terms of chemical, physical, optical, and electronic properties. 2D boron nanostructures have a significant surface-to-volume ratio that enables their enhanced contact with cells and biomolecules, making them appealing candidates for biological applications.

Clinical implementation of a multifaceted quality assurance phantom for high-precision radiation therapy: an institutional experience.

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the multifaceted clinical utility of the RUBY phantom as a comprehensive quality assurance (QA) platform in high-precision radiotherapy, particularly for stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) and stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT). The objective was to validate its performance in patient positioning, imaging system accuracy, isocenter congruency, and treatment plan verification across various complex clinical scenarios.

Materials And Methods: A series of QA workflows were conducted using the RUBY phantom and its dedicated modular inserts.

Physiological aging in three dimensions.

Aging is characterized by progressive structural and functional decline, driven partially by epigenetic alterations. While changes in DNA methylation, histone modifications, and chromatin accessibility are well studied, the role of three-dimensional chromatin organization in aging remains underexplored. Advances in chromosome conformation capture technologies have revealed hierarchical chromatin structures, including compartments, topologically associating domains (TADs), and chromatin loops, which are crucial for gene regulation.

Impact of COVID-19 and lockdown on outcomes of COPD patients in Turkey: lessons for the future.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic and related public health restrictions have substantially altered healthcare access and delivery, particularly for patients with chronic conditions such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This study aimed to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown measures on COPD-related symptoms and hospital admissions, and to compare these outcomes with the pre-pandemic period.

Methods: This multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted between July 2021 and February 2022 across ten tertiary pulmonary outpatient clinics in Turkey.

Research on the collapsing pattern of overburden rock and pore development characterization in the mining hollow area.

Coal mining, as a typical human-induced engineering disturbance, alters the original stress field of overlying strata, triggering rock collapse and forming mining-induced pores and stratum pores. This not only exacerbates the risk of mine water hazards and gas outbursts but also threatens the safety of ground-based buildings and structures. However, the development and utilisation of underground space in abandoned mine areas as a potential resource provides an innovative approach to their comprehensive management.

Training of trainers program in interprofessional education for health professionals in Türkiye.

Background: Training of Trainers Program that combines both theoretical and practical components and effectively enhance educators’ competencies in interprofessional education are rarely encountered. This study aimed to design and evaluate a Training of Trainers Program in Interprofessional Education intended to enhance participants’ awareness, knowledge, and self-perceived competencies related to the design, implementation, and improvements of interprofessional education practices among healthcare educators.

Methods: The study was planned and conducted between June 2023 and March 2024.

Kidney Stone Disease: Epigenetic Dysregulation in Homocystinuria and Mitochondrial Sulfur Trans-Sulfuration Ablation Driven by COVID-19 Pathophysiology.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has brought to light unexpected complications beyond respiratory illness, including effects on kidney function and a potential link to kidney stone disease (KSD). This review proposes a novel framework connecting COVID-19-induced epigenetic reprogramming to disruptions in mitochondrial sulfur metabolism and the pathogenesis of kidney stones. We examine how SARS-CoV-2 interferes with host methylation processes, leading to elevated homocysteine (Hcy) levels and impairment of the trans-sulfuration pathway mechanisms particularly relevant in metabolic disorders such as homocystinuria.

The Effect of Luer-Lock Adapter on Hemolysis Rates in the Emergency Department.

Background: Blood testing in the emergency department (ED) is critical for effective patient management. Hemolysis, a common preanalytical error, compromises laboratory results, increases workloads and resource utilization, and causes patient discomfort due to repeat testing.

Aim: This study evaluates the impact of Luer Lock adapters on hemolysis rates in ED blood samples, compared with the standard intravenous injector method.

Safety and efficacy of a STAT3-targeted cyclic oligonucleotide: From murine models to a phase 1 clinical trial in pet cats with oral cancer.

STAT3 is an oncogenic transcription factor that activates cancer cell signaling and induces an immunosuppressive immune environment, making it an attractive therapeutic target. Transcription factors are exceptionally challenging targets and there are no Food and Drug Administration-approved STAT3 inhibitors. We previously reported positive pharmacodynamics of a linear STAT3 decoy oligonucleotide administered intratumorally in a phase 0 trial in patients with head and neck cancer squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC).

Light-induced conformational switching and magnetic sensitivity of Drosophila cryptochrome.

Cryptochromes are light-sensitive flavoproteins with various biological roles, including a proposed function in magnetoreception. This mechanism rests on a magnetically sensitive photochemical reaction of the flavin chromophore with a chain of tryptophan residues within the protein scaffold. However, the protein-mediated mechanisms of magnetic signal transduction are unclear.

Levetiracetam in epilepsy and autism spectrum disorder: analysis of safety, tolerability, and efficacy.

Purpose: One in five people with autism spectrum disorder have epilepsy and take Anti-Seizure Medications (ASM). However, the impact of ASM on people with autism is under researched. This study evaluates the efficacy and tolerability of Levetiracetam (LEV) for autistic people and epilepsy.