Whole genome sequencing and molecular characterization of porcine astrovirus from Haryana, India.

Porcine astrovirus (PAstV) is an enteropathogen that belongs to the family Astroviridae and the genus Mamastrovirus, and is divided into five distinct genotypes (PAstV1-PAstV5). PAstV has been reported in pigs from several countries worldwide. In India, there are limited reports of genetic characterization of PAstV.

Novel PLA-Henna composite for sustainable tertiary enhanced oil recovery.

Enhanced oil recovery (EOR) remains a critical focus for the petroleum industry, aiming to overcome the challenges of residual oil mobilization and maximize hydrocarbon recovery in increasingly complex reservoirs. This study introduces an innovative approach using synthesized Polylactic Acid (PLA)/Henna composites as an environmentally sustainable additive to enhance oil recovery through mechanisms such as interfacial tension (IFT) reduction, wettability alteration, and physical sweeping for improved fluid sweep efficiency. The composite was synthesized using extrusion techniques to ensure a uniform filler dispersion and was extensively characterized through FTIR, SEM, and EDS analyses.

Enhancing cellulose-rich polylactic acid (PLA)-rice residue-reinforced sustainable biocomposites: Influence of chemical pretreatments on strengthening the thermomechanical properties of biocomposite materials.

A systematic study was conducted to optimize chemical pretreatments of rice husk (RH) and rice straw (RS) fibers for reinforcing polylactic acid (PLA) biocomposites. Using a Central Composite Design (CCD), the effects of NaOH, HCl, and H₂SO₄ treatments were evaluated over a range of concentration (0.35 to 0.

Phylogenomic analysis of bovine astrovirus expands the known repertoire of mamastrovirus genotypes in northern India.

Bovine astrovirus (BoAstV) belongs to the family Astroviridae and the genus Mamastrovirus (MAstV). Phylogenomic analysis based on partial sequences of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) gene has allowed BoAstV isolates to be classified into the genotypes MAstV-13, 24, 28-30, and 33-35. However, information about the clinical significance and molecular characteristics of BoAstV from India is restricted to a single study from western Maharashtra, India.

Predicting the global invasion risk of ambrosia beetle Euplatypus parallelus under climate change based on CMIP6 projections.

Euplatypus parallelus (Fabricius, 1801) is a highly destructive invasive insect pest endemic to the Neotropics, causing economic and ecological damage to natural forests, plantations, and fruit trees. We employed the MaxEnt model to predict the global suitability of E. parallelus under current and future scenarios based on the shared socioeconomic pathways (SSPs) 126 and SSP585 in 2050 and 2070, utilizing the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 6 (CMIP6) dataset.

Effect of cranial electro-stimulation on cognition in perimenopausal women: randomized control study.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of cranial electrotherapy stimulation (CES) on cognition among perimenopausal women.

Methods: The pretest-post-test randomized controlled trial was conducted between April 2024 and January 2025. Forty-six perimenopausal women, aged 40-55 years, were randomized into two groups: active CES ( = 23) or sham CES ( = 23).

Molecular Characterization, Haemato-Biochemical Profile and Risk Factor of Hepatozoon Canis Infection in Dogs From, Haryana, India.

The present study aimed to genetically characterize Hepatozoon canis, identify associated risk factors, and evaluate the haematological and biochemical profiles of affected dogs to improve its management. One hundred twenty dogs were screened by PCR for various haemoprotozoan disease, of which 24 dogs confirmed positive for H. canis and negative for Ehrlichia canis, Babesia vogeli, and B.

Redox-responsive core-cross-linked micelles of miktoarm maltoheptaose-b-poly(furfuryl methacrylate) for enhanced anticancer drug delivery.

The instability of nanocarriers and premature leakage of drugs during circulation in the body remain major challenges that frequently lead to undesirable side effects in the development of nanomedicines. Achieving effective drug release within the tumor microenvironment is a key goal for desirable chemotherapy. In this study, we designed a novel type of core-cross-linked micelles (CCL) formed from biocompatible oligosaccharide-based AB miktoarm block copolymers of (maltoheptaose)-b-poly(furfuryl methacrylate) ((MH)-b-PFMA).

Immunosuppressive Tumor Microenvironment of Osteosarcoma.

Osteosarcoma is the most common malignant bone tumor in children, characterized by a high degree of genomic instability, resulting in copy number alterations and genomic rearrangements without disease-defining recurrent mutations. Clinical trials based on molecular characterization have failed to find new effective therapies or improve outcomes over the last 40 years. To better understand the immune microenvironment of osteosarcoma, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing on six tumor biopsy samples, combined with a previously published cohort of six samples.

Renal perfusion in dynamic scans: a key predictor of long-term outcomes in posterior urethral valves.

Background: Nadir creatinine value is used as a key predictor of long-term kidney outcomes in patients with posterior urethral valves (PUV). This study explores the role of kidney perfusion status in dynamic renal scans as an additional predictor of future kidney outcome of these patients.

Methodology: A prospective observational study was conducted over 2 years in a tertiary referral centre, involving patients above 2.

Targeting neurotrophic dysregulation in diabetic retinopathy: a novel therapeutic avenue.

The gradual retinal damage caused by chronic hyperglycemia is known as Diabetic retinopathy (DR), and it is the main cause of visual impairment and blindness in adults. The importance of neurotrophic factors in DR pathogenesis has been emphasized by recent studies. In diabetes, several naturally occurring proteins undergo substantial changes that impact neuronal survival, development, and differentiation.

Segment length optimization for crash frequency modelling: Evaluating power spectral segment length in safety performance assessment.

Selecting an appropriate segment length is essential for road safety analysis, as it directly influences crash analysis accuracy, hazardous location identification, and safety performance evaluation. The traditional segmentation approaches rely on individual expertise or engineering judgment and often lack standardized metrics for evaluating segmentation performance. Therefore, this study expands the utilization of Spatial Frequency Domain Analysis (SFDA) based Power Spectral Segment Length (PSSL) in crash frequency modeling for predicting fatal crash occurrence.

Adaptive optimization of natural coagulants using hybrid machine learning approach for sustainable water treatment.

The efficiency optimization methods for natural coagulants are often restricted due to non-scientific trial-and-error approaches. They are inaccurate in predicting the complex interactions of jet mixing parameters, coagulant dosage, and environmental conditions. To overcome these obstacles, this research paper proposes advanced hybrid models in machine learning to enhance flocculation efficiency.

Nanotechnology-Enhanced Transdermal Patches for Hypertension: A Review.

Transdermal Drug Delivery System (TDDS) is one of the controlled drug delivery sys-tems whose purpose is to deliver medication through the skin at a predetermined and regulated rate. Nanotechnology has enhanced the skin's absorption of lipophilic, low-molecular-weight med-icines with low-dose efficacy, making transdermal drug delivery systems a viable technique for treating various conditions. TDDS permits greater skin permeation of hydrophilic drugs, and sci-entists are studying macromolecules to improve disease treatment and vaccine development.

Advanced Artificial Intelligence Technologies Transforming Contemporary Pharmaceutical Research.

One area of study within machine learning and artificial intelligence (AI) seeks to create computer programs with intelligence that can mimic human focal processes in order to produce results. This technique includes data collection, effective data usage system development, conclusion illustration, and arrangements. Analysis algorithms that are learning to mimic human cognitive activities are the most widespread application of AI.

Effects of temperature and confinement mechanisms on the deformation of selective laser melting 3D printed SS316 using finite element analysis.

The confined constrained deformation behavior of SLM 3D printed SS316 has been analyzed at room temperature, 200 °C, 400 °C, 600 °C, and 800 °C temperature through static ball indentation finite element analysis technique model (load range 5 kN to 50 kN). The constrained confined deformation behavior analysis of SLM 3D printed SS316L steel specimen through static indentation process helps understand their mechanical response under localized compressive loading. This study helps to understand material plastic flow behavior at the time of low-velocity foreign object strike.

Targeting anti-apoptotic mechanisms in tumour cells: Strategies for enhancing Cancer therapy.

Anti-cancer drug's cytotoxicity is determined by their ability to induce predetermined cell demise, commonly called apoptosis. The cancer-causing cells are able to evade cell death, which has been affiliated with both malignancy as well as resistance to cancer treatments. In order to avoid cell death, cancerous tumour cells often produce an abundance of anti-apoptotic proteins, becoming "dependent" on them.

Crop suitability analysis for the coastal region of India through fusion of remote sensing, geospatial analysis and multi-criteria decision making.

Crop suitability analysis plays an important role in identifying and utilizing the areas suitable for better crop growth and higher yield without deteriorating the natural resources. The present study aimed to identify suitable areas for rice and coconut cultivation across the coastal region of India using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) integrated with geographic information systems (GIS) and remote sensing. A total of nine parameters were selected for suitability analysis including elevation, slope, soil depth, drainage, texture, pH, soil organic carbon, rainfall, temperature and a land use land cover (LULC) constraint map.

Forest fire susceptibility mapping using multi-criteria decision making and machine learning models in the Western Ghats of India.

Forest fires have significantly increased over the last decade due to shifts in rainfall patterns, warmer summers, and long spells of dry weather events in the coastal regions. Assessment of susceptibility to forest fires has become an important management tool for damage control before the occurrence of fires, which often spread very rapidly. In this context, the current study was undertaken with the aim to map forest areas susceptible to fire in the state of Goa (India) using remote sensing (RS) and geographic information system () derived variables through an analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and machine learning techniques namely random forest (RF), support vector machine (SVM), extreme gradient boosting (XGB).

How Low is Low Volume of Cerebrospinal Fluid from Suspected Cases of Tuberculous Meningitis to Refuse Acceptance in the TB Laboratory?

In tuberculous meningitis (TBM) the paucibacillary nature of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and low sample volume pose a major challenge, especially in young children and low volume samples are often refused by the laboratory. To understand the significance of sample volume, all CSF samples from suspected cases of TBM were accepted. The diagnostic yield of various diagnostic tests was analysed considering various volume ranges.

Subclinical patterns of cardiac involvement by transthoracic echocardiography in individuals with mild initial COVID-19.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the subclinical patterns and evolution of cardiac abnormalities via transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) in patients with mild initial COVID-19 illness. A total of 343 infected individuals (163 males; age 44 (interquartile range, IQR 35-52) years) years) underwent serial TTE assessments at a median of 109 (interquartile range (IQR), 77-177) and 327 (276-379) days after infection. Compared with those of non-COVID-19-infected controls (n = 94, male n = 49), baseline systolic (LVEF, TAPSE) and diastolic function (e', a', E/e') were significantly different in infected participants (p < 0.

Recent Advances in Metal-Organic Framework-Based Anticancer Hydrogels.

Cancer is the second leading cause of death globally and the estimated number of new cancer cases and deaths will be ∼30.2 million and 16.3 million, respectively, by 2040.