Transcriptomic Meta-Analysis Unveils Shared Neurodevelopmental Toxicity Pathways and Sex-Specific Transcriptional Signatures of Established Neurotoxicants and Polystyrene Nanoplastics as an Emerging Contaminant.

Environmental contaminants exhibit heterogeneous neurotoxicity profiles, yet systematic comparisons between legacy neurotoxicants and emerging pollutants remain scarce. To address this gap, we implemented an integrative transcriptome meta-analysis framework that harmonized eight transcriptomic datasets spanning in vivo and in vitro neural models exposed to two legacy neurotoxicants (bisphenol A [BPA], 2, 2', 4, 4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether [BDE-47]) and polystyrene nanoplastics (PSNPs) as an emerging contaminant. Our analysis revealed a substantial overlap (68% consistency) in differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between BPA and PSNPs, with shared enrichment in extracellular matrix disruption pathways (e.

Photothermal and Photodynamic Strategies for Diagnosis and Therapy of Alzheimer's Disease by Modulating Amyloid-β Aggregation.

Amyloid-β (Aβ) aggregates are considered as the important factors of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Multifunctional materials have shown significant effects in the diagnosis and treatment of AD by modulating the aggregation of Aβ and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Compared to traditional surgical treatment and radiotherapy, phototherapy has the advantages, including short response time, significant efficacy, and minimal side effects in disease diagnosis and treatment.

COFs, MOFs, HOFs, SOFs and XOFs: commonalities and differences.

Organic framework materials have gained attention for their intriguing structures, diverse applications, and porous materials with open frameworks. Over the past two decades, significant advancements have been made in the development and utilization of these materials across various fields, including adsorption, separation, sensing, energy storage, drug delivery, photovoltaics, and catalysis. This review focuses on covalent organic frameworks (COFs), metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks (HOFs), supramolecular organic frameworks (SOFs), and halogen-bonded organic frameworks (XOFs) and underscoring the advancements in their respective fields of research.

: categorical diffusion ensembles for single-step chemical retrosynthesis.

Methods for automatic chemical retrosynthesis have found recent success through the application of models traditionally built for natural language processing, primarily through transformer neural networks. These models have demonstrated significant ability to translate between the SMILES encodings of chemical products and reactants, but are constrained as a result of their autoregressive nature. We propose , an alternative template-free method for single-step retrosynthesis prediction in the form of categorical diffusion, which allows the entire output SMILES sequence to be predicted in unison.

log-RRIM: Yield Prediction via Local-to-Global Reaction Representation Learning and Interaction Modeling.

Accurate prediction of chemical reaction yields is crucial for optimizing organic synthesis, potentially reducing time and resources spent on experimentation. With the rise of artificial intelligence (AI), there is growing interest in leveraging AI-based methods to accelerate yield predictions without conducting in vitro experiments. We present log-RRIM, an innovative graph transformer-based framework designed for predicting chemical reaction yields.

Dynamic tracking of the structure of high internal phase Pickering emulsions stabilized by egg white protein microgels with different phase behaviors, 3D printing and digestive fates.

Owing to their unique interfacial structure, microgels are believed to have the ability to stabilize high internal phase Pickering emulsions (HIPE), but the stabilization mechanism and morphological structure at various pH values are poorly understood. In this study, HIPE stabilized by egg white protein (EWP) microgels with different phase behaviors was compared. The results revealed that the microgel exhibited cosolubility at pH 3 and pH 11, with a more stable particle size (161.

Research progress on lung cancer complicated with pulmonary tuberculosis: a narrative review.

Background And Objective: Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and lung cancer (LC) are both serious health threats and have a complex relationship. Research has shown that tuberculosis (TB) may induce LC through chronic inflammation. TB infection is also more common in LC patients than in the general population.

The lncRNA MIR503HG/miR-16-5p/FOSL1 pathway mediates autophagy to promote esophageal epithelial cells proliferation and EMT in esophageal restenosis.

Esophageal stents have been used increasingly to relieve malignant dysphagia and are widely employed in the treatment of esophageal stenosis. However, the clinical application of esophageal stents has been limited by esophageal restenosis. Our preliminary studies have indicated that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) may be involved in the development of esophageal restenosis.

A review on the metabolism and anti-allergic effects of ellagitannins.

Allergic diseases, such as allergic rhinitis, asthma, and atopic dermatitis, are IgE-mediated conditions closely linked to Th2 cells. Their increasing prevalence has posed significant global health and economic challenges. Conventional anti-allergic drugs, though effective, often lead to side effects like sedation and dependency, driving the search for safer, plant-derived alternatives.

Broadband adiabatic power splitter on an etchless thin-film lithium niobate platform.

Lithium niobate on insulator (LNOI) is a promising platform for photonic integrated circuits (PICs), and 3-dB power splitters are the most essential building blocks in PICs. In this Letter, we propose and demonstrate a broadband, fabrication-tolerant 3-dB power splitter based on the photonic bound state in the continuum (BIC) and using a spatial adiabatic passage structure on a polymer-loaded LNOI platform. The simulation results show that the proposed device can achieve a splitting ratio of 50%:50% with an excellent operating bandwidth of 180 nm (from 1450 nm to 1630 nm).

Ultrasound-assisted extraction of anti-inflammatory actives from corn silk (Zea mays L.): Process optimization, machine learning screening, and interaction mechanisms.

Inflammation is an important immune response in our organism, the intervention of anti-inflammatory substances is critical to control inflammation, in which Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) serves as a key target to inhibit inflammatory factors. This study employed ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) to prepare isoorientin from corn silk (Zea mays L.), optimizing extraction parameters to achieve a maximum yield of 1.

Fluorescent-Electrochemical-Colorimetric Triple-Model Immunoassays with Multifunctional Metal-Organic Frameworks for Signal Amplification.

Multimode immunoassays based on multiple response mechanisms have received great attention due to their capacity to effectively improve the accuracy and reliability of biosensing platforms. However, few strategies have been reported for triple-mode immunoassays due to the shortage of multifunctional sensing materials and the incompatibility of signal transduction methods in different detection modes. In this work, a fluorescent-electrochemical-colorimetric triple-mode immunoassay platform was proposed with Cu-based metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) as the signal labels.

Vascular effects of perivascular adipose tissue-derived chemerin in obesity-associated cardiovascular disease.

Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) is a unique and metabolically active adipose tissue that is adjacent to most systemic blood vessels. Healthy PVAT exerts anticontractile and anti-inflammatory effects, contributing to vascular protection. However, during obesity, PVAT becomes proinflammatory and profibrotic, exacerbating vascular dysfunction.

Pharmacological targeting of endothelial nitric oxide synthase dysfunction and nitric oxide replacement therapy.

The Global Burden of Disease Study identified cardiovascular risk factors as leading causes of global deaths and life-years lost. Endothelial dysfunction is a pathomechanism associated with these risk factors and stressors, and is an early predictor of atherosclerosis. Oxidative stress triggers endothelial dysfunction, a hallmark of cardiovascular diseases.

Using a statewide health information exchange to enhance COVID research and surveillance: The impact of information fragmentation.

Objective: Use of electronic health data for public health surveillance and research has become almost ubiquitous. However, since many patients routinely receive care from multiple healthcare systems, not all information for a patient may be available in a single system. Thus, using data from only a single healthcare system may unintentionally result in inaccuracies.

IgG4-related lung disease with pulmonary lesions and recurrent pleural effusion: A case of report.

We report a rare case of IgG4-related lung disease (RLD) with pulmonary lesions and recurrent pleural effusion to improve the diagnosis and treatment of this disease. A 60-year-old man was admitted to hospital for cough and dyspnea. CT scan showed a right lower lobe intrapulmonary mass with unilateral right-sided pleural effusion.

A gradient solid electrolyte interphase strategy through corrosion suppression and controlled crystal growth for zinc-metal batteries.

The impact of the electrode-electrolyte interface on the performance of zinc-metal batteries remains unclear. We propose a gradient SEI strategy, where the outer organic layer inhibits corrosion and the inner inorganic layer regulates Zn (002) crystal growth. This work offers new insights into the critical role of SEI layers.

L-Citrulline Improves IGF-1 Signaling Pathway in Preeclampsia via Polyamines.

Background: Preeclampsia is a severe pregnancy complication with no effective pharmacological therapy available. We previously demonstrated that L-citrulline supplementation improves preeclampsia phenotypes in Dahl salt-sensitive rats, an animal model of superimposed preeclampsia. This study aimed to investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms.

The Preparation and Characterization of Antioxidant Films Based on Hazelnut Shell-Based Vegetable Carbon Black/Chitosan/Gelatin and the Application on Soybean Oils.

In this study, hazelnut shell-based vegetable carbon black (HCB) was synthesized from renewable agricultural waste and incorporated into chitosan (CS) and gelatin (GEL) matrices to fabricate active packaging films. The structure of HCB was characterized, and the structure, physicochemical properties, antibacterial activity, ultraviolet resistance, and functional performance of CS-GEL-HCB films with varying HCB contents (0, 1, 5, and 9 wt% based on GEL) were systematically investigated. The FT-IR results revealed that intermolecular hydrogen bonds were formed between HCB and CS and GEL.

Photoaged polystyrene nanoplastics induce perturbation of glucose metabolism in HepG2 cells via oxidative stress.

Micro- & nano-plastics (MNPs) have been considered an emerging persistent pollutant in the environment. Most of the works focus on the potential toxicity of pristine, rather than photoaged, MNPs, let alone the underlying mechanisms of toxicity. To address this gap, we exposed human liver cancer cells (HepG2) to polystyrene nanoplastics (PS-NPs) with varying degrees of photodegradation, including pristine PS-NPs and photoaged PS-NPs irradiated with UV for 8 days (short-term) and 32 days (long-term).

Ultrasound-assisted covalent cross-linking of egg white protein with ferulic acid: Structure, foaming, and application in chiffon cake.

Egg white protein is one of the most important functional proteins in daily life; however, owing to its slow foaming, small volume and easy instability, EWP foam has limited application in the food industry, and its foaming performance needs to be further improved. However, its foaming performance still needs further improvement due to its instability mechanism. In this study, egg white protein and ferulic acid were combined via ultrasound-assisted covalent cross-linking methods, and their structure, foaming performance, and application were studied.

"Iron -free" CdSe/ZnS quantum dots disrupt neural differentiation of embryonic stem cells via the induction of ferroptosis.

Exposure to Cadmium-based quantum dots (QDs) is becoming a growing threat to human health, necessitating a deeper understanding of their intracellular behavior and the associated toxic effects. Among the various domains of nanosafety assessment, the impact of these QDs on the nervous system is particularly critical; however, the potential effects on neurodevelopment and the underlying mechanisms remain largely unexplored. The current study explores the neural developmental toxicities associated with exposure to QDs made of cadmium selenide (CdSe) and encapsulated within a zinc sulfide (ZnS) shell using mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs).

Cu(OH) nanopesticide induced liver dysfunction in mice by targeting lipoylated tricarboxylic acid cycle proteins via ferredoxin 1.

Copper hydroxide [Cu(OH)] nanopesticide is an emerging agrochemical known for its ability to mitigate bacterial and fungal damage to host organisms. However, its environmental exposure and potential toxicological effects have garnered significant attention. The liver is regarded as the primary organ for copper storage and utilization within the body.

pH shifting treatment of egg yolk granules /salted ovalbumin mixed gels: Reassembled of egg yolk granules effects on heat-induced amorphous aggregates.

In this study, we propose three methods of acidic pH shifting of egg yolk granules (EYGs) to investigate effects of EYGs structure on properties of EYGs-salted ovalbumin (SO) gels. Different pH parameters affect protein unfolding behavior, as well as assembly of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and phosvitin during acidification. The main mechanism was a change in the microenvironment of hydrophobic amino acid residues and new hydrogen bonds, which induced the reassembly.