Polydopamine/polyvinyl alcohol/graphene oxide transition layer for enhancing adhesive performance of HA coating on C/C composites prepared by hydrothermal electrodeposition/hydrothermal treatment.

Hydroxyapatite (HA) coatings on carbon fiber-reinforced carbon (C/C) composites hold promise for orthopedic implants. However, the interface between HA and C/C is prone to delamination, limiting its application. To address this, a polydopamine (PDA)-polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-graphene oxide (GO) transition layer was introduced to reinforce and toughen HA coatings on C/C composites (PDA-PVA-GO/C/C) via hydrothermal electro-deposition/post-hydrothermal treatment.

Diagnostic Value of F-FDG PET/CT Radiomics in Lymphoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

IntroductionVarious machine learning models and features have been proposed for lymphoma diagnosis using F-fluorodeoxyglucose (F-FDG) PET/CT radiomics. This research aimed to systematically evaluate the diagnostic value of F-FDG PET/CT radiomics in lymphoma by conducting a meta-analysis.MethodsData from published studies regarding the diagnosis of lymphoma using F-FDG PET/CT radiomics, from January 2010 to July 2024, were gathered from PubMed, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library.

Impact of Intertarget Distances on Single-Isocenter Radiotherapy Plans with jaw-Tracking and jaw-Fixed Techniques for Vertebral Metastases.

IntroductionMultiple targets with varying distances are common in radiotherapy. Reducing treatment time in the plan design helps minimize patient movement and discomfort during the treatment process. This retrospective study aimed to investigate the impact of varying intertarget distances (ITDs) on the dosimetric differences and delivery efficiency of two single-isocenter techniques.

A feasibility study of automating radiotherapy planning with large language model agents.

Radiotherapy planning requires significant expertise to balance tumor control and organ-at-risk (OAR) sparing. Automated planning can improve both efficiency and quality. This study introduces GPT-Plan, a novel multi-agent system powered by the GPT-4 family of large language models (LLMs), for automating the iterative radiotherapy plan optimization.

Uncertainty-guided multitask semi-supervised network for the multi-organ segmentation of breast cancer CBCT.

Background: The delineation of organs at risk (OARs) and clinical target volume (CTV) is an important step in adaptive radiotherapy (ART). Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images are easy to obtain in radiotherapy (RT).

Objectives: This study aims to develop an effective CBCT-guided delineation method for breast cancer ART.

MBST-Driven 4D-CBCT reconstruction: Leveraging swin transformer and masking for robust performance.

Objective: This research developed an innovative Mask-based Swin Transformer network (MBST) to enhance the quality of 4D cone-beam computed tomography (4D-CBCT) reconstruction. The network is trained on 4D-CBCT reconstructed under limited scanning conditions, enabling its application to a broad range of 4D-CBCT reconstruction scenarios, including those with high scanning speeds.

Methods: 4D imaging data from 20 patients with thoracic tumors were used to train and evaluate the deep learning model.

Simple Preparation and Bone Regeneration Effects of Poly(vinyl alcohol)-Resveratrol Self-Cross-Linked Hydrogels.

Hydrogels have broad application prospects in bone repair. Pure poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) hydrogels have limited applications because of their low hardness and poor mechanical properties. This study found that resveratrol (Res) and PVA self-assembled and cross-linked through the formation of strong hydrogen bonds after freeze-thawing, forming an easily available PVA-Res supramolecular hydrogel through a green process.

Differentiation between invasive ductal carcinoma and ductal carcinoma in situ by combining intratumoral and peritumoral ultrasound radiomics.

Background: This study aimed to develop and validate an ultrasound radiomics model for distinguishing invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) from ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) by combining intratumoral and peritumoral features.

Methods: Retrospective analysis was performed on 454 patients from Chengzhong Hospital. The patients were randomly divided in accordance with a ratio of 8:2 into a training group (363 cases) and validation group (91 cases).

An electrochemiluminescence device for visualized detection of lead in practical samples.

Lead (Pb) pollution poses a significant threat to human health due to its potential accumulation through the food chain. In response to this challenge, an array of electrochemiluminescence (ECL) devices has been developed for the accurate and visualized detection of trace Pb, achieving an ultra-low limit of detection (LOD) of 9.8 pg L.

Palladium-catalyzed regioselective carbonylation of 2-amino-2,3-diphenylpropanoate to 5/6-membered benzolactams.

Five/six-membered benzolactams are significant blocks in both organic and medicinal chemistry. Achieving 5/6-membered benzolactams from the same starting compound under varying reaction conditions presents a significant challenge. Herein, palladium-catalyzed free amine-oriented regioselective C-H activations/carbonylations mediated by hexacarbonylmolybdenum, leading to diverse sizes of benzolactams, respectively, have been developed.

Delineation Errors Caused by Replication and Expansion Operations in Monaco.

Background: This study aims to investigate the errors in structure volume and shape caused by the replication, expansion, and merging operations of the Monaco system and analyze their influence on dosimetry evaluation.

Methods: A retrospective collection of 30 patients undergoing radiotherapy was utilized. Cylinders with radii of 5, 10, and 30 mm were delineated in computerized tomography (CT) images from 10 patients with thoracic and abdominal issues, and the Margins function in Monaco was used to expand the margins by 0, 3, 5, and 10 mm in 2D mode.

A Multimodal Point Cloud-Based Method for Tumor Localization in Robotic Ultrasound-Guided Radiotherapy.

Part of the tumor localization methods in radiotherapy have poor real-time performance and may generate additional radiation. We propose a multimodal point cloud-based method for tumor localization in robotic ultrasound-guided radiotherapy, which only irradiates computed tomography (CT) during radiotherapy planning to avoid additional radiation. The tumor position was determined using the CT point cloud, and the red green blue depth (RGBD) point cloud was used to determine body surface scanning location corresponding to the tumor location.

Metal implant segmentation in CT images based on diffusion model.

Background: Computed tomography (CT) is widely in clinics and is affected by metal implants. Metal segmentation is crucial for metal artifact correction, and the common threshold method often fails to accurately segment metals.

Purpose: This study aims to segment metal implants in CT images using a diffusion model and further validate it with clinical artifact images and phantom images of known size.

DiffRecon: Diffusion-based CT reconstruction with cross-modal deformable fusion for DR-guided non-coplanar radiotherapy.

In non-coplanar radiotherapy, DR is commonly used for image guiding which needs to fuse intraoperative DR with preoperative CT. But this fusion task performs poorly, suffering from unaligned and dimensional differences between DR and CT. CT reconstruction estimated from DR could facilitate this challenge.

CMAF-Net: a cross-modal attention fusion-based deep neural network for incomplete multi-modal brain tumor segmentation.

Background: The information between multimodal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is complementary. Combining multiple modalities for brain tumor image segmentation can improve segmentation accuracy, which has great significance for disease diagnosis and treatment. However, different degrees of missing modality data often occur in clinical practice, which may lead to serious performance degradation or even failure of brain tumor segmentation methods relying on full-modality sequences to complete the segmentation task.

Amifostine loaded lipid-calcium carbonate nanoparticles as an oral drug delivery system for radiation protection.

Amifostine (AMF) as the first-line radiation protection drug, usually suffered from low compliance and short half-life upon clinical applications. The development of oral drug delivery system (DDS) for AMF is a promising solution. However, the inherent shortages of AMF present significant challenges in the design of suitable oral DDS.

MR-CT image fusion method of intracranial tumors based on Res2Net.

Background: Information complementarity can be achieved by fusing MR and CT images, and fusion images have abundant soft tissue and bone information, facilitating accurate auxiliary diagnosis and tumor target delineation.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to construct high-quality fusion images based on the MR and CT images of intracranial tumors by using the Residual-Residual Network (Res2Net) method.

Methods: This paper proposes an MR and CT image fusion method based on Res2Net.

Humidity-Responsive Amorphous Calcium-Magnesium Pyrophosphate/Cassava Starch Scaffold for Enhanced Neurovascular Bone Regeneration.

Developing a neurovascular bone repair scaffold with an appropriate mechanical strength remains a challenge. Calcium phosphate (CaP) is similar to human bone, but its scaffolds are inherently brittle and inactive, which require recombination with active ions and polymers for bioactivity and suitable strength. This work discussed the synthesis of amorphous magnesium-calcium pyrophosphate (AMCP) and the subsequent development of a humidity-responsive AMCP/cassava starch (CS) scaffold.

Tumor Cell Membrane-Encapsulated MLA Solid Lipid Nanoparticles for Targeted Diagnosis and Radiosensitization Therapy of Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a common nonmelanoma skin cancer. Radiotherapy plays an integral role in treating SCC due to its characteristics, such as diminished intercellular adhesion, heightened cell migration and invasion capabilities, and immune evasion. These problems lead to inaccurate tumor boundary positioning and radiotherapy tolerance in SCC treatment.

Highly Stable Amorphous (Pyro)phosphate Aggregates: Pyrophosphate as a Carrier for Bioactive Ions and Drugs in Bone Repair Applications.

Pyrophosphate is widely used as an iron supplement because of its excellent complexation and hydrolysis ability; however, there are few reports on the use of pyrophosphate in active ionophores for bone repair. In this research, we proposed a simple and efficient ultrasonic method to prepare magnesium-calcium (pyro)phosphate aggregates (AMCPs). Due to strong hydration, AMCPs maintain a stable amorphous form even at high temperatures (400 °C).

Uncertainty estimation- and attention-based semi-supervised models for automatically delineate clinical target volume in CBCT images of breast cancer.

Objectives: Accurate segmentation of the clinical target volume (CTV) of CBCT images can observe the changes of CTV during patients' radiotherapy, and lay a foundation for the subsequent implementation of adaptive radiotherapy (ART). However, segmentation is challenging due to the poor quality of CBCT images and difficulty in obtaining target volumes. An uncertainty estimation- and attention-based semi-supervised model called residual convolutional block attention-uncertainty aware mean teacher (RCBA-UAMT) was proposed to delineate the CTV in cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images of breast cancer automatically.

Polyvinylpyrrolidone Assisted One-Pot Synthesis of Size-Tunable Cocktail Nanodrug for Multifunctional Combat of Cancer.

Background: The in vivo barriers and multidrug resistance (MDR) are well recognized as great challenges for the fulfillment of antitumor effects of current drugs, which calls for the development of novel therapeutic agents and innovative drug delivery strategies. Nanodrug (ND) combining multiple drugs with distinct modes of action holes the potential to circumvent these challenges, while the introduction of photothermal therapy (PTT) can give further significantly enhanced efficacy in cancer therapy. However, facile preparation of ND which contains dual drugs and photothermal capability with effective cancer treatment ability has rarely been reported.