Norovirus Genomes Detected from the Guillain Barre Syndrome (GBS) Cases in a community outbreak in Pune, India, 2025.

Background: In 2025, Pune, India, witnessed an unprecedented surge in Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) cases, raising urgent public health concerns. GBS, a rare neurological condition often linked to infections, demanded immediate epidemiological and molecular scrutiny. Evidence from earlier studies points to infectious agents like Campylobacter jejuni, cytomegalovirus, and enteric viruses as common triggers.

Evaluation of nanofiber scaffolds laden in the management of chronic periodontitis-a randomized, controlled split pocket study.

Background: The main objective of periodontal treatment is to stop the progression of periodontal disease. Controlled-release drugs yield promising outcomes when conventional treatment is proven to be insufficient in establishing periodontal health in chronic periodontitis. A low-dose controlled-release delivery method for the treatment of periodontal infection was attempted to be developed in this study.

ZnO Nanoparticle-Based Electrochemical Immunosensor for One-Step Quantification of Cortisol in Saliva.

The determination of cortisol is the most important aspect to monitor the stress level of human beings. Currently, cortisol levels are monitored through blood samples. However, multiple sampling and frequent monitoring are highly difficult.

TGF-β inhibitor SB431542 suppresses SARS-CoV-2 replication through multistep inhibition.

Unlabelled: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic highlighted the critical need for broad-spectrum antivirals with high resistance barriers. Here, we demonstrate that SB431542, a selective TGF-β receptor I (ALK5) inhibitor, exhibits potent antiviral activity against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) through unprecedented multitargeted mechanisms. Through comprehensive , isothermal titration calorimetry, and analyses, we identified that SB431542 directly binds to SARS-CoV-2 ORF3a and disrupts its canonical function in inhibiting autophagosome-lysosome fusion.

Retrogasserian Glycerol Rhizotomy (RGGR) for Trigeminal Neuralgia Induced by Postvaccination Herpetic Reactivation: A Rare Case Report.

Reports on surgical treatment for postherpetic trigeminal neuralgia after COVID vaccination have not been found in the literature. Here, we described a case of postherpetic trigeminal neuralgia after COVID vaccination that was treated with percutaneous retrogasserian glycerol rhizotomy (PRGR) resulting in complete pain relief. We reported a case involving a 70-year-old female who had herpes zoster infection in the ophthalmic branch (V1) dermatome following COVID vaccination and presented with paroxysmal electric shock-like sensation without a trigger.

Unraveling the Fluidity-Dependent Interactions of Isomeric Reduced Carbon Dots with Lipid Membranes for Bioimaging: A Multifaceted Spectroscopic and Microscopic Investigation.

Carbon dots (CDs) are cutting-edge fluorescent nanomaterials renowned for their remarkable optical properties, outstanding biocompatibility, and efficient electron transfer dynamics. Among them, reduced-state carbon dots (r-CDs) have recently emerged as a novel subclass offering unique physicochemical characteristics. However, recent research has focused on developing enhanced bioimaging tools, highlighting reduced carbon dots for their exceptional properties and potential in advanced biomedical applications.

Assessing Training Gaps in the Diploma in Primary Care Psychiatry Program for Primary Care Doctors: A Post-Hoc Analysis.

ObjectiveIndia faces a critical shortage of mental health professionals, leaving primary care physicians (PCPs) as the primary point of contact for many individuals needing psychiatric care. The Diploma in Primary Care Psychiatry Program (DPCP), a one-year training initiative, aims to equip PCPs in India to manage psychiatric conditions in underserved areas. On-Consultation Training (OCT) is a module in the DPCP designed exclusively for practicing PCPs where a psychiatrist trains PCPs in live video streaming of their own real-time general consultations of primary health centres.

Effects of temperature and nutrition stress on Anopheles stephensi, an Indian urban malaria vector.

Background: Changing climate and complexity in ecological landscape can potentially expand the geographic distribution of mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) to adapt and transmit various vector-borne diseases, including malaria. Anopheles stephensi is a potential urban malaria vector in the Indian subcontinent. Temperature and nutrients are the important environmental stressors, which influence the life cycle and vectorial competence of mosquitoes.

Mechanistic insights and HIV suppression by the BRD4-targeting small molecule ZL0580.

Epigenetic suppression and durable silencing of HIV represent a promising strategy to achieve ART-free remission, consistent with the "block and lock" HIV cure paradigm. BRD4 is a host epigenetic reader and plays a critical role in HIV transcriptional regulation. We previously identified ZL0580, a first-in-class BRD4-selective small molecule distinct from the pan-BET inhibitor JQ1, which induces HIV epigenetic suppression.

Participation of host cell proteins in inclusion bodies of non-segmented RNA virus infected cells: a molecular insight.

Negative-sense RNA viruses (NSVs) carrying a non-segmented genome encompass a broad group of viruses responsible for numerous human diseases such as rabies, mumps, measles, respiratory illness and encephalitis. Viruses replicate intracellular and interact with various host proteins to evade the immune response and persist within the host. A salient trait of NSVs is their ability to form cytoplasmic inclusion bodies (IBs) which are believed to serve as pivotal sites for viral replication.

Multiscale feature tuned trans-DeepLabV3+ based semantic segmentation of aerial images using improved red piranha optimization algorithm.

The use of higher-resolution spatial aerial images for semantic segmentation in everyday tasks has increased due to recent advancements in remote sensing and several other applications. Nonetheless, supervised learning necessitates a substantial quantity of images with pixel-level labeling. Currently, available techniques, which are mostly Deep Semantic Segmentation Networks (DSSN), might not be appropriate for application domains with a dearth of labels containing targeted masks of outputs.

PCR-generated DNA templates enable efficient, rapid, and cost-effective mRNA synthesis.

In vitro transcription (IVT) is a widely used technique for mRNA synthesis in both basic research and the development mRNA-based vaccines and therapies. The efficiency of IVT critically depends on the quality and integrity of the linear DNA templates. The conventional method for template DNA preparation involves plasmid propagation in bacteria followed by enzymatic linearization, which is labor-intensive and costly.

Evolutionarily conserved role of telomerase reverse transcriptase in programming the microenvironment via regulation of the cGAS-STING pathway.

Telomerase holoenzyme maintains telomere length and regulates inflammation caused by telomeric DNA damage. However, beyond its role in telomere maintenance, the molecular function of telomerase in directly regulating inflammation remains unclear. Here we show that the reverse transcriptase component of telomerase, TERT, has a cell-type-specific role in directly regulating inflammation via the cytoplasmic cGAS-STING nucleic acid-sensing pathway.

A randomized controlled trial comparing hydrophilic coated to uncoated polyurethane double J stents: Does it impact stent-related symptoms?

Introduction: Advancements in stent materials and designs are aimed at improving stent-related morbidities, lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTSs), pain, and compromised quality of life (QoL). Various stent materials and coatings have been investigated for their impact on stent-related symptoms. This prospective randomized study aimed to compare urinary symptoms and QoL in patients with polyurethane double J (DJ) stents, with or without hydrophilic polyvinylpyrrolidone coating.

Exploring the Therapeutic Landscape of Probiotics in Enteric and Respiratory Viral Infections.

In recent times, the understanding of the human microbiome and its impact on health and disease has undergone a paradigm shift, leading to ground-breaking discoveries in the field of probiotics. Probiotics, live microorganisms known for conferring health benefits when administered adequately, have garnered significant interest for their potential to modulate the immune system's response to viral infections in both humans and animals. The emergence of enteric and respiratory viruses as significant global health threats has prompted intensive research efforts to identify novel therapeutic strategies.

Pandemic of testosterone abuse: Considerations for male fertility.

Testosterone is the primary male hormone, which is essential for sexual differentiation, spermatogenesis, and the development of male sexual characteristics. It has been recommended for therapeutic use for symptomatic hypogonadism as androgen replacement therapy. However, the misuse and abuse of testosterone and other anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) are detrimental to cardiovascular and psychological health, with a serious risk to male reproductive health.

A Disrupted Adenosinergic Axis Facilitates Platelet Activation in APS: Exploring a Novel Therapeutic Target.

Platelet activation is a hallmark of antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). However, the mechanisms through which antiphospholipid antibodies activate platelets and the optimal way to inhibit this pathophysiology are still not fully understood. Extracellular adenosine, produced by the ectoenzyme CD73, activates cell-surface receptors to increase intracellular cAMP, raising the threshold for platelet activation.

Impact of interface roughness correlation on resonant tunnelling diode variation.

The Nano-Electronic Simulation Software (NESS) features an improved model of Interface Roughness (IR), accounting for correlation lengths in two perpendicular directions and allowing anisotropic roughness. IR in [Formula: see text] Resonant Tunnelling Diodes (RTDs) was investigated using both the previous and improved models, with 4 correlation lengths ([Formula: see text]) ranging from 2.5 nm to 10 nm.

Outcome of wage and self-employment intervention for persons with severe mental illness availing rural community-based rehabilitation project: Experience from South India.

Background: The World Health Organization advocates Community-Based Rehabilitation (CBR) for resource-constrained settings. There is a need for evidence-based models of employment for persons with severe mental illness (referred to as "patients") from such settings.

Aims: To facilitate and study the employment outcome of patients aged 18 to 50 y, availing a rural CBR project in South India.

Application of business model canvas to merchandising sterile supplies from a hub hospital to smaller hospitals in India.

Background: Outsourcing and regionalization of Central Sterile Supply Department (CSSD) could mutually benefit both smaller and bigger hospitals. Larger hospitals with established CSSDs have an opportunity to extend their services to maximize the utilization of their equipment. For outsourcing the sterile supplies department to smaller hospitals, extra capital investment is not required.

Role of oncoplastic surgery in the management of primary orbital squamous cell carcinoma.

Primary squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the orbit is a rare and uncommon form of invasive epithelial malignancy, with few cases reported. Due to its rarity, treatment protocols remain undefined, and the therapy choices are debated. We present the case of a male in his early 50s from a low-income country who underwent treatment based on basic oncoplastic principles.

Association of Post Kala-Azar Dermal Leishmaniasis pathogenesis with prolonged sunlight (ultraviolet radiations) exposure in VL endemic population of Bihar.

Post Kala-azar Dermal Leishmaniasis (PKDL) is a complication of Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) and acts as a reservoir for Leishmania parasites. With climatic changes and ozone depletion increasing ultraviolet radiation (UVR), we investigated the connection between UVR and PKDL development. We have measured sun-light UVR intensities by UV light meters and satellite-based methods.

ML-based prediction to experimental validation: Development of dihydroquinazoline based multi-potent ligands as anti-Alzheimer's agents.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a multifactorial neurological disorder accounting for the cognitive decline in the patients. The disease is linked to numerous pathological factors including hyperactivation of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B), accumulation of amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain etc. The single-target medications already available in the market are found to be ineffective and the research focus is shifting towards the development of multitargeting agents.

Comprehending the Potential of Topical Therapies for the Treatment of Onychomycosis.

Introduction: Onychomycosis is a frequently occurring fungal infection that affects the nails of the fingers and toes. Infection is caused by yeasts, dermatophytes, and nondermatophyte molds. Onychomycosis should be confirmed by mycology.

"Embracing a Borrowed Life": A Narrative Analysis of Post-Transplantation Experiences among Indian Kidney Recipients.

This study systematically examined the multifaceted dimensions of the posttransplantation experiences of Indian kidney recipients through a meticulous narrative analysis of clinical interview data sourced from 111 male and 28 female recipients. The mean age of recipients was 39.63 ± 11.