Plasmonic sensing in microfluidic paper-based analytical devices integrated with metal nanoparticles: a review.

Metal nanoparticles (MNPs) have emerged as vital components in nanotechnology due to their unique ability to concentrate light at the nanoscale. This property makes them especially valuable in biosensing applications, where high sensitivity is essential. At the same time, cellulose-based materials like paper offer an affordable, widely available, and versatile platform, making them ideal for the development of paper-based microfluidic analytical devices (μPADs).

Polysaccharide- and phenolic-rich Pinus patula extract-mediated TiO₂ nanoparticles for photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue and 4-nitrophenol.

Conventional TiO₂ nanoparticle syntheses rely on high temperatures, toxic reagents and multi-step routes that impede scalability and sustainability. Here, we deliver the first green synthesis of TiO₂ nanoparticles (TiO₂ NPs) using polysaccharide- (42 mg GE g) and phenolic-rich (78 mg GAE g) Pinus patula leaf extract. GC-MS and LC-MS fingerprinting identify terpenoids, flavonoids and phenolic glycosides acting as simultaneous reducing, capping and stabilizing agents.

Probing the Compositional and Structural Effects on the Electrochemical Performance of Na(Mn-Fe-Ni)O Cathodes in Sodium-Ion Batteries.

This study systematically investigates an Mn-Fe-Ni pseudo-ternary system for Na(Mn-Fe-Ni)O cathodes, focusing on the effects of varying transition metal fractions on structural and electrochemical properties. X-ray diffraction reveals that increasing Mn content induces biphasic behavior. A higher Ni content reduces the parameter, while higher Mn and Fe concentrations expand the lattice.

Epstein-Barr virus infection and its association with systemic lupus erythematosus: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

BackgroundSystemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disorder characterized by the production of autoantibodies that target most of the organ systems and lead to their dysfunction. The exact etiology of SLE remains unclear; however, genetic and environmental factors are believed to play significant roles. Viral infections, particularly Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), have been implicated as environmental triggers in SLE pathogenesis however, the observations remained inconsistent among studies and populations.

Utilizing liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to map targeting of snake venom components by antivenom.

Preclinical efficacy testing is an essential aspect of evaluating quality of antivenoms (AVs). Recent years have witnessed a surge in development of in vitro methods to replace or reduce reliance on the standard mouse lethality assay. In this study, we propose a novel, reversed phase liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (RPLC-MS)-based platform for monitoring AV activity on venom components under the WHO recommended in solution AV testing conditions.

Idasanutlin-ionizable lipid nanocomplex for enhanced solubility, stability, and anticancer activity in p53 sensitive lung cancer.

Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide due to increasing incidence and poor clinical outcomes. Over 50 % of human cancers involve alterations in the tumor suppressor protein p53, mostly resulting in loss of function. Idasanutlin (IDA), a hydrophobic, anionic molecule, is a potent MDM2 inhibitor capable of restoring p53 activity in cancers retaining wild-type (WT) p53.

Enhancing leaf disease classification using GAT-GCN hybrid model.

Agriculture plays a critical role in the global economy, providing livelihoods and ensuring food security for billions. Progress in agricultural techniques has helped boost crop yield, along with a growing need for precise disease monitoring solutions. This requires accurate, efficient, and timely disease detection methods.

Probing Host-Guest Interactions via Conductance and Thermopower Measurements.

Host-guest interactions play a crucial role in molecular recognition, self-assembly, and the development of molecular electronic devices, which requires a fundamental understanding of their structure-property relationships. Significant progress has been made in studying charge transport within such systems; however, the correlation between molecular structure, conductance, and thermoelectric properties remains largely unexplored. Here, we present a systematic investigation of the conductance and thermoelectric properties of low-symmetry M₈L molecular barrel (UNMB) and its fullerene-encapsulated derivatives (C₆₀⊂UNMB and C₇₀⊂UNMB).

Machine learning in understanding environmental variability of vibriosis in coastal waters.

comprise ecologically significant bacteria that thrive in warm, moderately saline water, and their incidence and proliferation are strongly influenced by environmental factors. In recent years, . infections have been reported more frequently and over a greater geographical area along the US eastern seaboard.

Biomarker discovery in NAFLD: insights from metabolomics and vote counting meta-analysis.

Background: Despite its prevalence and the significance of early diagnosis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), one of the most prevalent liver diseases globally and frequently linked to elements of metabolic syndrome, lacks robustly validated biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, and tracking of disease progression in response to a particular treatment.

Objective: The aim of this study was to catalogue the metabolites from metabolomics data reported by different studies till date, and to find few majorly dysregulated metabolites that can potentially be used as progressive biomarkers of NAFLD in future.

Methods: The clinical data published during last 13 years was investigated and further curated from established databases of MEDLINE, EMBASE and PUBMED on NAFLD.

Dynamics of bacterial communities across developmental stages of the litchi stink bug, Tessaratoma javanica.

The Litchi stink bug, Tessaratoma javanica (Thunberg) (Hemiptera: Tessaratomidae), is a major insect pest of litchi in India. Insect-associated bacteria play significant roles in their growth and development. We studied the bacterial communities linked to T.

Intranasal delivery of rapamycin via brain-targeting polymeric micelles for Alzheimer's disease treatment.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a long-term neurological disorder associated with neuroinflammation and amyloid-beta (Aβ) aggregation, which leads to a decline in cognitive and behavioral changes. Rapamycin (Rapa) is an immunosuppressive drug effective in preventing organ rejection after a kidney transplant. In the last few years, orally delivered Rapa has emerged as a potential candidate for improving cognitive function in patients with AD.

Ergothioneine supplementation improves pup phenotype and survival in a murine model of spinal muscular atrophy.

Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a genetic disorder characterized by the loss of spinal motor neurons. The conventional therapy does not always lead to a full restoration of the clinical symptoms, partially due to the need for early treatment. Accumulating evidence describes the crucial role of mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in skeletal muscle of SMA patients.

Achievement of lupus low disease activity state (LLDAS) in a New Zealand cohort: a prospective study of ethnic differences in outcomes.

Objectives: To examine ethnic differences in LLDAS attainment and lupus nephritis (LN) in SLE patients from the Auckland, New Zealand (NZ) cohort of the Asia Pacific Lupus Collaboration (APLC) treat-to-target (T2T) Lupus Low Disease Activity State (LLDAS) study. Secondary outcomes were to explore ethnic differences in medication use, SLE damage and patient-reported health outcomes.

Methods: All patients fulfilled either the 1997 American College of Rheumatology classification criteria for SLE or Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics 2012 classification criteria.

Comparison of dual therapies for hypertension treatment in India: a randomized clinical trial.

Evidence is lacking for guiding optimal combination hypertension therapy in South Asian patients. Here we investigated the blood pressure (BP)-lowering efficacy and safety of three commonly recommended antihypertensive dual combinations in a multicenter, single-blinded trial conducted in India. We randomized Indians aged 30-79 years (mean age, 52 years) with mean sitting systolic blood pressure (SBP) of 150-179 mmHg on no treatment or an SBP of 140-159 mmHg on monotherapy 1:1:1 to a single-pill combination of amlodipine-perindopril, perindopril-indapamide or amlodipine-indapamide.

Palmitate-induced downregulation of lipocalin prostaglandin D synthase accompanies hepatic lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is associated with multiple metabolic dysfunctions and poses a significant global health challenge. Our prior in vivo studies demonstrated that the absence of lipocalin prostaglandin D2 synthase (L-PGDS) leads to the development of fatty liver disease, and L-PGDS expression significantly decreased when C57BL/6 mice were kept on a high-fat diet. Briefly, L-PGDS belongs to the arachidonic acid pathway and enzymatically isomerizes prostaglandin H2 to prostaglandin D2, which imparts pharmacological effects via two receptors called DP1 and DP2.

Complications, Conversion, and Secondary Procedures Following Minimally Invasive Periacetabular Osteotomy: A Single-Surgeon Case Series.

Background: The introduction of minimally invasive periacetabular osteotomy (PAO) has reduced complications, allowing a broader range of patients to be considered for the procedure. This study aimed to identify patient-specific risk factors for poor outcomes.

Methods: This retrospective case series (n = 513) used data from a local hip registration registry.

CCTA and CACS for preoperative cardiovascular risk stratification in patients undergoing noncardiac surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events (MACE) is a common cause of perioperative and long-term morbidity and mortality following noncardiac surgery. Patients who require preoperative cardiovascular risk stratification, traditionally undergo noninvasive cardiac imaging using myocardial perfusion imaging or stress echocardiography. Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography (CCTA) and Coronary Artery Calcium Score (CACS) have demonstrated prognostic value in predicting postoperative MACE and effectively risk stratifying patients undergoing noncardiac surgery.

Role of oncoplastic surgery in the management of primary orbital squamous cell carcinoma.

Primary squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the orbit is a rare and uncommon form of invasive epithelial malignancy, with few cases reported. Due to its rarity, treatment protocols remain undefined, and the therapy choices are debated. We present the case of a male in his early 50s from a low-income country who underwent treatment based on basic oncoplastic principles.

Primary Mediastinal Germ Cell Tumors: A Real-World Analysis of Clinical Characteristics, Treatment, and Survival Outcomes From Two Tertiary Cancer Centers in India.

Purpose: Mediastinal germ cell tumors (GCTs) are rare malignancies, predominantly affecting young males, with limited real-world data on treatment outcomes in India. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical characteristics, treatment patterns, and survival outcomes of patients with mediastinal GCTs, emphasizing the effectiveness of first-line chemotherapy regimens.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 81 patients diagnosed with mediastinal GCTs at two tertiary cancer centers in India from 2005 to 2023.

Plasma Cell-Free Human Papillomavirus DNA and Oral Gargle HPV DNA in Patients with HPV-Related Oropharyngeal Cancer Treated with Radiotherapy.

Unlabelled: Dynamic biomarkers that guide de-escalation strategies in human papillomavirus (HPV)-related oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) remain an unmet need. In this study, we evaluated the kinetics of plasma cell-free HPV (cfHPV) DNA and oral gargle HPV DNA during radiotherapy in patients with low-risk HPV-related OPSCC. Data were obtained from a trial evaluating an adaptive model optimizing radiation fractionation in patients with low-risk (T0-2N0-1M0) HPV-related OPSCC undergoing radiotherapy.

Coexisting Dual Mechanisms of Ischaemic Stroke: .

Objectives: Ischaemic stroke (IS) is a heterogeneous condition with varied mechanisms. Some patients have more than 1 stroke mechanism coexisting, irrespective of the mechanism of the incident stroke.~This study aimed to examine the association of coexisting dual stroke mechanisms among IS patients with risk factors and clinical outcomes.

A comparative investigation of ultrasonication and magnetic stirring methods for green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles using Punica granatum peels.

Green synthesis of nanoparticles is a safe and eco-friendly approach using plant materials as reducing and stabilizing agents for the synthesis of important nanoparticles. This study investigates the effect of ultrasonication and magnetic stirring methods on synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles. In this study the zinc oxide nanoparticles were synthesized by two methods Ultrasonication and magnetic stirring using Punica granatum (Pomegranate) fruit peels.

Elevated CO modulates miRNA expression level differentially in Arabidopsis thaliana populations originated at different elevations of Indian West Himalayas.

Plants response towards increasing atmospheric [CO] have predominantly been investigated in great details in context to morpho-physiology and gene regulation. While miRNAs are known to play critical roles in stress responses, the impact of elevated CO₂ on miRNA regulation especially in plant populations evolved under different climatic conditions remains unexplored. Plant populations evolved at different climatic conditions may respond differently towards specific stress.