Septic Gangrene and Thrombophlebitis Following Leech Therapy in a Patient with Undiagnosed Arterial Occlusive Disease: A Case Report.

Different side effects have been reported for leech therapy, such as local itching, skin reactions, infection, bleeding disorders, and anemia. The present study described a rare and lethal adverse event following leech therapy. A 63-year-old man was referred to Nemazee Teaching Hospital (Shiraz, Iran) in December 2020 with a two-week history of progressive right lower extremity swelling, erythema, and ecchymosis.

Twin and triplet discordance in retinopathy of prematurity: a call to integrate genomic, placental, and environmental determinants.

Background: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a major cause of preventable blindness in preterm infants, especially in multiple births such as twins and triplets. Although the incidence of ROP in these groups is well-documented, the discordance in disease severity among siblings has not been thoroughly investigated. This study aimed to quantify the discordance of ROP in twins and triplets and to identify associated predictive factors.

The effect of digital devices screen use on intraocular pressure: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: The widespread adoption of digital screens has raised concerns about potential impacts on ocular health, particularly intraocular pressure (IOP). This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to examine the association between digital screen use and changes in IOP.

Methods: We conducted a comprehensive search across multiple electronic databases through January 2024, and reported adhering to PRISMA guidelines.

Effects of brushing with caffeinated toothpaste on neurocognitive function of the central nervous system: a randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial.

Background: This randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial aimed to evaluate the effect of brushing with caffeinated toothpaste on neurocognitive function of the central nervous system.

Methods: Eighty healthy individuals were randomly assigned to four groups: oral caffeine capsules (100 mg caffeine) as the control, brushing with caffeinated toothpaste (100 mg caffeine) for 2, 3, and 4 min. Cognitive and motor responses were assessed using selective processing speed assessment (Stroop test), short-term memory test, selective attention capacity assessment, and hand-eye coordination test before and after intervention at 10, 30, and 60 min intervals.

Comparative Effectiveness of Cinnarizine Versus Cinnarizine Plus Otic Bitter Almond Oil for Tinnitus: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Tinnitus is a common auditory disorder and is often associated with anxiety, depression, sleep disturbances, and irritability. The shortcomings of current treatment options justify the exploration of additional treatment methods. Otic delivery of bitter almond oil has been suggested in traditional Persian medicine as a remedy for tinnitus.

Successful Maintenance Treatment of a Patient with Resistant Hyperthyroidism with Traditional Persian Medicine Recommendations: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Introduction: Hyperthyroidism is a common endocrinology condition that could affect several aspects of the patient's life.

Case Presentation: We present a 27-year-old woman who was sent to the traditional Persian medicine (TPM) clinic with a diagnosis of uncontrolled chronic hyperthyroidism (lower levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and higher levels of T3 and T4) and its complications, such as developing exophthalmos, palpitations, anxiety, sleep problems, hair loss, and dry skin. The patient was under treatment with prednisolone and methimazole for up to 1 year, but no acceptable improvement was achieved.

Evidence-based practice in traditional persian medicine (TPM): a stakeholder and social network analysis.

Background: The utilization of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is experiencing a global surge, accompanied by the adoption of national CAM policies in numerous countries. Traditional Persian medicine (TPM) is highly used as CAM in Iran, and the ongoing scientific evaluation of its interventions and the implementation of evidence-based medicine (EBM) encounters various barriers. Therefore, comprehending the characteristics and interactions of stakeholders is pivotal in advancing EBM within TPM policies.

Occlusion therapy for amblyopia, a historical report from 9th century Persian scholar, Ali ibn Sahl ibn Rabban al-Tabari (838-870 CE).

Introduction: This study reevaluates the historical origins of occlusion therapy for amblyopia, focusing on the contributions of the 9th-century Islamic scholar, Ali ibn Sahl ibn Rabban al-Tabari (838-870 CE).

Methods: The investigation delved into al-Tabari's writings, particularly "Firdous al-Hikma," to extract insights into his approach to addressing reduced vision in one eye.Additionally, the study examined subsequent advancements in occlusion therapy by scholars such as Thabit ibn Qurrah and Rhazes, building upon al-Tabari'sfoundational work.

Effect of low dose honey on the apoptosis and inflammation gene expression in corneal limbal stem cells and keratocytes and its efficacy as an ophthalmic formulation in the treatment of dry eye: and clinical study.

Background: The use of honey as an eye treatment encounters challenges due to its high osmolarity, low pH, and difficulties in sterilization. This study addresses these issues by employing a low concentration of honey, focusing on both experiments and clinical trials for treating dry eye disease in corneal cells.

Methods: In the experiment, we investigated the impact of a 1% honey-supplemented medium (HSM) on limbal stem cells (LSCs) and keratocytes using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for BCL-2, BAX, and IL-1β gene expression.

Potential therapeutic effects of green tea () in eye diseases, a review.

This review aims to evaluate the therapeutic potential of green tea (GT), scientifically named , in treating eye diseases. We provide an overview of the ingredients and traditional use of , followed by a detailed discussion of its therapeutic uses in various eye diseases, including ocular surface diseases (allergic diseases, dry eye, pterygium, and infections), cataract, glaucoma, uveitis, retinal diseases, and optic nerve diseases. The pharmacologic activities related to ocular diseases, such as anti-vascular endothelial growth factor, aldose reductase inhibitor activity, anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects are also explored in this review.

Comparative analysis of risk factors for retinopathy of prematurity in single and multiple birth neonates.

Aim: To conduct a comparative analysis of risk factors for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in single- and multiple-born neonates.

Methods: In a retrospective evaluation of 521 premature neonates, encompassing singletons, twins, and triplets born at or before 34 weeks of gestational age with a birthweight of less than 2000 g and who completed the ROP screening program, between 2020 and 2023, in outpatient referral ROP screening clinic affiliated by Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, were included. Neonates with the eligibility criteria were enrolled in the screening program from 28 days old age and followed up to discharge or treatment based on national ROP screening guideline.

Complementary and alternative medicine use among cancer patients in Iran: A systematic review.

Background: Cancer patients frequently turn to complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) to mitigate the adverse effects of conventional cancer treatments, alleviate stress, manage comorbidities, and address the cancer itself. This systematic review aims to investigate descriptive studies conducted in Iran, focusing on the prevalence and methods of CAM use among cancer patients.

Methods: A thorough search of PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Magiran, and the Scientific Information Database (SID) was conducted in both English and Persian from inception to July 2023.

Historical roots of the stigma of epilepsy: A review of the classic Iranian literature.

Background: The stigma toward epilepsy is a daily challenge for people with epilepsy (PWE) and can influence the well-being and prognosis of these individuals. However, the cultural origins of such stigma have sparsely been examined. In this study, we aimed to investigate the classic Persian literature to gain insight into the historical and cultural beliefs and opinions regarding epilepsy as a determinant in developing stigma towards PWE.

Prophylactic effect of chamomile on post-dural puncture headache in women undergoing elective cesarean section: A randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial.

Background: Post-dural puncture headache (PDPH) is a common complication after spinal anesthesia, affecting patient recovery. This study evaluated the prophylactic effect of topical chamomile ointment on PDPH in women undergoing elective cesarean section.

Methods: In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial 148 pregnant women were randomized into two parallel groups and received 3cc of the chamomile or the placebo ointment on the forehead of the participants 20 minutes before the start of spinal anesthesia, and then 2 and 4 hours after that.

Recent advancements in nanomaterial-laden contact lenses for diagnosis and treatment of glaucoma, review and update.

Despite the existence of numerous eye drops in the market, most of them are not sufficiently effective because of quick clearance and the barriers within the eye. To increase the delivery of the drugs to the eye, various new formulations have been explored in recent decades. These formulations aim to enhance drug retention and penetration, while enabling sustained drug release over extended periods.

The Effect of Ophthalmic and Systemic Formulations of Latilactobacillus sakei on Clinical and Immunological Outcomes of Patients With Dry Eye Disease: A Factorial, Randomized, Placebo-controlled, and Triple-masking Clinical Trial.

Dry eye disease (DED) is one of the most prevalent eye diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Latilactobacillus sakei (L. sakei) either as an ophthalmic bacterial lysate (drops, no live organism) or as an oral probiotic (capsules) on immunological and clinical outcomes of patients with DED.

Efficacy of a Topical Formulation of Henna (Lawsonia Inermis Linnaeus) on the Itch and Wound Healing in Patients With Epidermolysis Bullosa: a Pilot Single-arm Clinical Trial.

Introduction: Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) is a rare inherited genetic skin disorder with severe skin itching and recurrent blisters and erosion. There is no effective and specific therapy for all types of EB.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate a topical formulation of henna (Lawsonia inermis Linnaeus) in the management of wounds and the itching sensation in patients with EB.

Therapeutic Implications of Curcumin in the Treatment of Inflammatory Eye Diseases: A Review.

Curcumin is the main active constituent of the medicinal plant Curcuma longa L., used traditionally as a medicinal spice in several ancient civilizations. Different preclinical and clinical studies support the anti-inflammatory properties of curcumin in various inflammatory diseases.

Serum androgens and prolactin levels in patients with keratoconus.

Clinical Relevance: There is growing evidence for the involvement of sex hormones in the pathogenesis of keratoconus.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate serum androgen and prolactin levels in patients suffering from keratoconus.

Methods: One hundred and two subjects were enrolled in the keratoconus (76 patients) and control (26 subjects) groups in a cross-sectional survey.

Crocin as a vision supplement.

Crocin is a natural ingredient of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) flower that has shown potential for application as a supplement in eye health and preserving vision. Crocin has been examined for its potential to treat various eye diseases such as glaucoma, macular dystrophies, diabetic retinopathy, and age-related macular degeneration.

Efficacy of Ginger Supplementation in Relieving Persistent Hypothyroid Symptoms in Patients with Controlled Primary Hypothyroidism: A Pilot Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial.

Primary hypothyroidism is a common disease. Some patients have persistent symptoms despite normal serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels. Ginger is reported to be beneficial in relieving similar symptoms.

Long-term outcome of refractive errors in patients with congenital blepharoptosis who have undergone ptosis surgery.

Clinical Relevance: Ptosis surgery induces some changes in pre-existing refractive errors and astigmatism. Monitoring refractive outcomes, planning of vision rehabilitation, and amblyopia treatment may be required following ptosis surgery.

Background: The few studies published on the outcomes of refractive error after ptosis surgery have been controversial.