Human Embryo Quality Assessment with Deep Learning Models.

Background: Embryo quality assessment plays a pivotal role in assisted reproductive technology (ART) for selecting viable embryos for implantation. Accurate evaluation is essential for improving success rates in fertility treatments. Traditional assessment methods rely on subjective visual grading by embryologists, which can lead to inconsistencies.

Toward the Development of a Biosimilar Variant of Glucarpidase (Carboxypeptidase G2): Secretory Production, Optimization, and Immobilization.

Carboxypeptidase G2 (CPG2) detoxifies high-dose methotrexate in cancer or autoimmune therapies. Additionally, CPG2 activates prodrugs at the tumor site in engineered CAR-T cell therapy. Since CPG2 cleaves glutamate from the substrate, it also has potential applications in enhancing food flavors and developing biosensors.

Stability and functional consequences of disulfide bond engineering in Aspergillus flavus uricase.

Disulfide bond engineering is a promising strategy for enhancing the stability and functional lifespan of enzymes in therapeutic and industrial applications. In this study, we applied computational modeling to introduce interchain disulfide bonds in Aspergillus flavus uricase to increase its stability without compromising catalytic efficiency. Six uricase muteins were engineered with targeted disulfide bonds at positions selected based on energetic frustration, structural integrity, and tunnel profiling analyses.

Antibacterial and thermosensitive chitosan-g-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) copolymer hydrogel containing tannic acid: An injectable therapy for bleeding control.

Developing advanced wound dressings improves tissue repair and reduces recovery times. This study introduces a thermo-sensitive hydrogel composed of Chitosan-g-poly (N-isopropylacrylamide) and Tannic acid (CS-PNIPAm-TA), synthesized and characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and thermal analysis to confirm successful copolymerization and tannic acid integration. Swelling tests indicated a high capacity for blood absorption, supporting its potential for wound exudate management.

Deciphering the role of LOC124905135-related non-coding RNA cluster in human cancers: A comprehensive review.

Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), especially microRNAs (miRNAs) and long ncRNAs (lncRNAs), are essential regulators of processes, such as the cell cycle and apoptosis. In addition to interacting with intracellular complexes and participating in diverse molecular pathways, ncRNAs can be used as clinical diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for fighting cancer. Studying ncRNA gene clusters is crucial for understanding their role in cancer and developing new treatments.

Design of multivalent-epitope vaccine models directed toward the world's population against HIV-Gag polyprotein: Reverse vaccinology and immunoinformatics.

Significant progress has been made in HIV-1 research; however, researchers have not yet achieved the objective of eradicating HIV-1 infection. Accordingly, in this study, eucaryotic and procaryotic in silico vaccines were developed for HIV-Gag polyproteins from 100 major HIV subtypes and CRFs using immunoinformatic techniques to simulate immune responses in mice and humans. The epitopes located in the conserved domains of the Gag polyprotein were evaluated for allergenicity, antigenicity, immunogenicity, toxicity, homology, topology, and IFN-γ induction.

Reverse vaccinology approaches to design a potent multiepitope vaccine against the HIV whole genome: immunoinformatic, bioinformatics, and molecular dynamics approaches.

Substantial advances have been made in the development of promising HIV vaccines to eliminate HIV-1 infection. For the first time, one hundred of the most submitted HIV subtypes and CRFs were retrieved from the LANL database, and the consensus sequences of the eleven HIV proteins were obtained to design vaccines for human and mouse hosts. By using various servers and filters, highly qualified B-cell epitopes, as well as HTL and CD8 + epitopes that were common between mouse and human alleles and were also located in the conserved domains of HIV proteins, were considered in the vaccine constructs.

In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation of Electrospun PVA Nanofiber Containing ZnO/Curcumin for Wound Healing Application.

The development of biocompatible wound dressings containing therapeutic agents to accelerate wound healing is an interesting field of study in biomedical sciences. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) nanofibers were loaded with zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) and curcumin (Cur) through electrospinning. The dressings were characterized by SEM and XRD and FTIR.

Emerging Methods in the Identification of Bacterial Respiratory Tract Pathogens.

Aims: Here, we will review different bacterial causes of respiratory tract infections and discuss the available diagnostic methods. Moreover, we will provide some recently published patents and newer techniques, such as respiratory panels and omics approaches, and express the challenges in this path.

Background: Respiratory tract infections (RTIs) include those infections that can lead to the involvement of different respiratory parts, including the sinuses, throat, airways, and lungs.

Enhancing volumetric muscle loss (VML) recovery in a rat model using super durable hydrogels derived from bacteria.

Bacteria can be programmed to deliver natural materials with defined biological and mechanical properties for controlling cell growth and differentiation. Here, we present an elastic, resilient and bioactive polysaccharide derived from the extracellular matrix of sp. BCCS 001.

MicroRNAs and proteolytic cleavage of receptors in cancers: A comprehensive review of regulatory interactions and therapeutic implications.

Cancer remains a challenging disease worldwide, necessitating innovative approaches to better comprehend its underlying molecular mechanisms and devise effective therapeutic strategies. Over the past decade, microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as crucial players in cancer progression due to their regulatory roles in various cellular processes. Moreover, the involvement of unwanted soluble receptors has gained increasing attention because they contribute to tumorigenesis or drug resistance by disrupting normal signaling pathways and neutralizing ligands.

A photocrosslinkable and hemostatic bilayer wound dressing based on gelatin methacrylate hydrogel and polyvinyl alcohol foam for skin regeneration.

The enormous potential of multifunctional bilayer wound dressings in various medical interventions for wound healing has led to decades of exploration into this field of medicine. However, it is usually difficult to synthesize a single hydrogel with all the required capabilities simultaneously. This paper proposes a bilayer model with an outer layer intended for hydrogel wound treatment.

Optimization of Spore Production in Bacillus coagulans Using Response Surface Methodology Approach.

Due to its spore-forming ability, Bacillus coagulans has advantages over the other non-spore-forming probiotics. Among them, survival and stability during food processing and storage, resistance to acid pH, and digestive enzymes are important. However, there are few studies on the quality and amount of sporulation in B.

Formulation and evaluation of antioxidant and antibacterial activity of a peel-off facial masks moisturizer containing curcumin and Rosa Damascena extract.

Background: Acne is a common skin issue that typically occurs during adolescence. It causes long-lasting redness and swelling in the skin. An alternative approach to treating acne could involve using a cosmetic facial mask containing herbal ingredients such as Curcumin and Rosa Damascena extract for its antibacterial properties.

Pyrano[2,3-b]chromone derivatives as novel dual inhibitors of α-glucosidase and α-amylase: Design, synthesis, biological evaluation, and in silico studies.

Inhibition of α-glucosidase and α-amylase is an important target for treatment of type 2 diabetes. In this work, a novel series of pyrano[2,3-b]chromene derivatives 5a-m was designed based on potent α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitors and synthesized by simple chemical reactions. These compounds were evaluated against the latter enzymes.

Nanotechnology in toothpaste: Fundamentals, trends, and safety.

Several studies have revealed that healthcare nanomaterials are widely used in numerous areas of dentistry, including prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and repair. Nanomaterials in dental cosmetics are utilized to enhance the efficacy of toothpaste and other mouthwashes. Nanoparticles are added to toothpastes for a variety of reasons, including dental decay prevention, remineralization, hypersensitivity reduction, brightening, and antibacterial qualities.

Targeting Efficient Features of Urate Oxidase to Increase Its Solubility.

With the demand for mass production of protein drugs, solubility has become a serious issue. Extrinsic and intrinsic factors both affect this property. A homotetrameric cofactor-free urate oxidase (UOX) is not sufficiently soluble.

Collagen-Based Medical Devices for Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Engineering.

Assisted reproductive technologies are key to solving the problems of aging and organ defects. Collagen is compatible with living tissues and has many different chemical properties; it has great potential for use in reproductive medicine and the engineering of reproductive tissues. It is a natural substance that has been used a lot in science and medicine.

Optimizing expression, purification, structural and functional assessments of a novel dimeric incretin (GLP-1cpGLP-1).

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is an incretin hormone that reduces postprandial glycemic excursions by enhancing insulin secretion. In this study, a new dimeric GLP-1 analogue (GLP-1cpGLP-1) was designed by inserting human insulin C-peptide (CP) in the middle of a dimer of [Gly8] GLP-1 (7-36). Then, the dimeric incretin (GLP-1cpGLP-1) was ligated to human αB-crystallin (αB-Cry) to create a hybrid protein, abbreviated as αB-GLP-1cpGLP-1.

Development of Ag NPs/allantoin loaded PCL/GEL electrospun nanofibers for topical wound treatment.

In the present study, the allantoin and silver nanoparticle (Ag NPs) loaded poly caprolactone/gelatin (PCL/GEL) nanofibers produced using electrospinning technique and their cyto-compatibility and wound healing activity were evaluated in vitro and in vivo. The SEM imaging revealed diameters of 278.8 ± 10 and 240.