Extraction, purification, structural characterization, and antioxidant activity of a novel polysaccharide from Thunb.

A novel water-soluble polysaccharide (HEP-4) with a molecular weight of 1.98 × 10Da was extracted from honeysuckle. Structural characterization was performed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), gas chromatography, Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) spectrum, nucleus magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra, and scanning electron microscopy.

Roles of effective stabilizers in improving oral bioavailability of naringenin nanocrystals: Maintenance of supersaturation generated upon dissolution by inhibition of drug dimerization.

Nanocrystals (NCs), a colloidal dispersion system formulated with stabilizers, have attracted widespread interest due to their ability to effectively improve the oral bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs. The stabilizer plays a key role because it can affect the physical stability and even the oral bioavailability of NCs. However, how stabilizers affect the bioavailability of NCs remains unknown.

TGFβ control of immune responses in cancer: a holistic immuno-oncology perspective.

The immune system responds to cancer in two main ways. First, there are prewired responses involving myeloid cells, innate lymphocytes and innate-like adaptive lymphocytes that either reside in premalignant tissues or migrate directly to tumours, and second, there are antigen priming-dependent responses, in which adaptive lymphocytes are primed in secondary lymphoid organs before homing to tumours. Transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) - one of the most potent and pleiotropic regulatory cytokines - controls almost every stage of the tumour-elicited immune response, from leukocyte development in primary lymphoid organs to their priming in secondary lymphoid organs and their effector functions in the tumour itself.

Isolation of a New Polysaccharide from Dandelion Leaves and Evaluation of Its Antioxidant, Antibacterial, and Anticancer Activities.

Dandelion, in China, has a long history as a medicinal and edible plant, and possesses high nutritional and medical value. The present study aimed to isolate a new polysaccharide (DLP-3) from dandelion leaves and to evaluate its antioxidant, antibacterial, and anticancer activities. The structure of DLP-3 was analyzed using HPLC, FT-IR, SEM, GC-MS, and NMR spectroscopy.

Research on health risk assessment of heavy metals in soil based on multi-factor source apportionment: A case study in Guangdong Province, China.

Environmental problems caused by heavy metal pollution in soil have attracted widespread attention worldwide. Identifying and quantifying the heavy metal pollution sources and risks is crucial for subsequent soil management. In this study, an integrated source-risk method for source apportionment and risk assessment based on the PMF model, the geodetector model and the health risk assessment model (HRA) was proposed and applied.

A 1,2,3-Triazole Derivative of Quinazoline Exhibits Antitumor Activity by Tethering RNF168 to SQSTM1/P62.

Quinazoline and its derivatives have drawn much attention in the development of potential antitumor agents. Here, we synthesized a series of 1,2,3-triazole derivatives of quinazoline at the C6 position and evaluated for their cytotoxic activity in various human cancer cell lines. We found that compound was the most cytotoxic to HCT-116 cells (IC, 0.

FLOWSA: A Python Package Attributing Resource Use, Waste, Emissions, and Other Flows to Industries.

Quantifying industry consumption or production of resources, wastes, emissions, and losses-collectively called flows-is a complex and evolving process. The attribution of flows to industries often requires allocating multiple data sources that span spatial and temporal scopes and contain varied levels of aggregation. Once calculated, datasets can quickly become outdated with new releases of source data.

Characteristics of the cylindrical reflex triode driven by a four-stage linear transformer driver.

A cylindrical reflex triode was designed and directly driven by a four-stage linear transformer driver to generate high intensity pulsed warm x rays. We developed a numerical model of the cylindrical reflex triode and simulated and studied the experimental electron distribution and the radiation characteristics. The working voltage of the cylindrical reflex triode is 220 kV, and the current is about 600 kA.

Corrigendum: Anti-cancer potential of polysaccharide extracted from on HepG2 cells cell cycle arrest and apoptosis.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.

What Can We Learn about the Bias of Microbiome Studies from Analyzing Data from Mock Communities?

It is known that data from both 16S and shotgun metagenomics studies are subject to biases that cause the observed relative abundances of taxa to differ from their true values. Model community analyses, in which the relative abundances of all taxa in the sample are known by construction, seem to offer the hope that these biases can be measured. However, it is unclear whether the bias we measure in a mock community analysis is the same as we measure in a sample in which taxa are spiked in at known relative abundance, or if the biases we measure in spike-in samples is the same as the bias we would measure in a real (e.

Tumor-associated macrophages expressing the transcription factor IRF8 promote T cell exhaustion in cancer.

Tumors are populated by antigen-presenting cells (APCs) including macrophage subsets with distinct origins and functions. Here, we examined how cancer impacts mononuclear phagocytic APCs in a murine model of breast cancer. Tumors induced the expansion of monocyte-derived tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and the activation of type 1 dendritic cells (DC1s), both of which expressed and required the transcription factor interferon regulatory factor-8 (IRF8).

Stabilizer-induced different in vivo behaviors for intramuscularly long-acting celecoxib nanocrystals.

Nanocrystals (NCs) have been widely recognized as an available policy for the formulation of long-acting injections for insoluble drugs. Stabilizers are extremely important for the physical stability of NCs because they can reduce the surface free energy of the system. However, whether stabilizers can affect the in vivo performances of long-acting injectable NCs is unclear.

Comparison of the Clinical Efficacy of Two Reduction Methods for the Treatment of Irreducible Unilateral Subaxial Cervical Facet Joint Dislocation.

Objective: To compare the clinical efficacy of the minimally invasive technique and the open method in the treatment of irreducible unilateral subaxial cervical facet joint dislocation (SCFD).

Methods: From March 2015 to September 2018, 62 patients with unilateral SCFD were studied. The cases were divided into 2 groups based on different surgery strategies.

SZT2 maintains hematopoietic stem cell homeostasis via nutrient-mediated mTORC1 regulation.

The mTORC1 pathway coordinates nutrient and growth factor signals to maintain organismal homeostasis. Whether nutrient signaling to mTORC1 regulates stem cell function remains unknown. Here, we show that SZT2 - a protein required for mTORC1 downregulation upon nutrient deprivation - is critical for hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) homeostasis.

Nanobiotherapeutic strategies to target immune microenvironment of triple-negative breast cancer.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the subtype with the least favourable outcomes in breast cancer. Besides chemotherapy, there is a chronic lack of other effective treatments. Advances in omic technologies have liberated us from the ambiguity of TNBC heterogeneity in terms of cancer cell and immune microenvironment in recent years.

Adverse effects of polystyrene microplastics in the freshwater commercial fish, grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella): Emphasis on physiological response and intestinal microbiome.

Microplastics (MPs) pollution in aquatic environment has attracted global attention in recent years. To evaluate the potential toxic effects of MPs in freshwater cultured fish, grass carps (Ctenopharyngodon idella) (body length: 7.7 ± 0.

Oculogyric crisis mimicked epilepsy in a Chinese aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase-deficiency patient: A case report.

Background: Aromatic amino acid decarboxylase (AADC) deficiency is a rare, autosomal recessive neurometabolic disorder with heterogeneous phenotype, including hypotonia, movement disorders, autonomic dysfunction, and developmental delay. Here, we reported a Chinese patient with AADCD who was initially misdiagnosed with epilepsy.

Case Presentation: The proband was a 4-month-old Chinese girl, representing hypotonia, episodes of oculogyric crises with dystonia, and delayed developmental milestones.

Enabling scalable optical computing in synthetic frequency dimension using integrated cavity acousto-optics.

Optical computing with integrated photonics brings a pivotal paradigm shift to data-intensive computing technologies. However, the scaling of on-chip photonic architectures using spatially distributed schemes faces the challenge imposed by the fundamental limit of integration density. Synthetic dimensions of light offer the opportunity to extend the length of operand vectors within a single photonic component.

Comparing Clinical and Radiographic Outcomes Between the Self-locking Stand-alone Cage and Conventional Cage-plate Construct: A Five-year Retrospective Cohort Study.

Study Design/setting: A retrospective cohort study.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of the self-locking stand-alone (SA) cage and conventional cage-plate construct (CPC) in treating degenerative cervical spondylosis with a five-year follow-up.

Summary Of Background Data: The SA approach was designed to reduce complications associated with traditional anterior cervical discectomy and fusion.

Patients with breath test positive are necessary to be identified from irritable bowel syndrome: a clinical trial based on microbiomics and rifaximin sensitivity.

Background: As a non-invasive and effective diagnostic method for small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO), wild-use of breath test (BT) has demonstrated a high comorbidity rate in patients with diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) and SIBO. Patients overlapping with SIBO respond better to rifaximin therapy than those with IBS-D only. Gut microbiota plays a critical role in both of these two diseases.

Multi-omics analysis identifies rare variation in leptin/PPAR gene sets and hypermethylation of ABCG1 contribute to antipsychotics-induced metabolic syndromes.

Antipsychotic-induced metabolic syndrome (APs-induced Mets) is the most common adverse drug reaction, which affects more than 60% of the psychiatric patients. Although the etiology of APs-induced Mets has been extensively investigated, there is a lack of integrated analysis of the genetic and epigenetic factors. In this study, we performed genome-wide, whole-exome sequencing (WES) and epigenome-wide association studies in schizophrenia (SCZ) patients with or without APs-induced Mets to find the underlying mechanisms, followed by in vitro and in vivo functional validations.