Current Perspectives on Mesenchymal Stem Cells as a Potential Treatment for Periodontal Diseases and Conditions.

Periodontal diseases, including periodontitis and gingivitis, constitute a major global health burden, affecting over 1 billion people worldwide. These conditions typically initiate in adulthood and progress chronically, often exhibiting severe manifestations. The socioeconomic impact is particularly acute in low- and middle-income countries, where limited healthcare access exacerbates disease outcomes.

Can Reimplantation Be Performed After Peri-Implant Recurrent Pyogenic Granuloma Leads to Implant Failure? A Case Report.

Background: Peri-implant pyogenic granuloma (PG) is a benign vascular lesion associated with dental implants, typically resulting from local irritation. While peri-implant PG can ultimately lead to implant failure, there is no established consensus regarding the feasibility of reimplantation after implant removal.

Case Report: A 66-year-old female patient presented to the clinic with painful erythematous and swollen gingiva in the left posterior maxillary region, accompanied by a bleeding tendency.

Beyond conventional therapies: MSCs in the battle against nerve injury.

Nerve damage can cause abnormal motor and sensory consequences, including lifelong paralysis if not surgically restored. The yearly cost of healthcare in the United States is projected to be $150 billion, and millions of Americans suffer from peripheral nerve injuries as a result of severe traumas and disorders. For nerve injuries, the outcome of conventional therapies is suboptimal and may have unfavorable side effects.

Advances and applications of genome-edited animal models for severe combined immunodeficiency.

Severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID), characterized by profound immune system dysfunction, can lead to life-threatening infections and death. Animal models play a pivotal role in elucidating biological processes and advancing therapeutic strategies. Recent advances in gene-editing technologies, including zinc-finger nucleases (ZFNs), transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs), CRISPR/Cas9, and base editing, have significantly enhanced the generation of SCID models.

Dental stem cell dynamics in periodontal ligament regeneration: from mechanism to application.

Periodontitis, a globally prevalent chronic inflammatory disease is characterized by the progressive degradation of tooth-supporting structures, particularly the periodontal ligament (PDL), which can eventually result in tooth loss. Despite the various clinical interventions available, most focus on symptomatic relief and lack substantial evidence of supporting the functional regeneration of the PDL. Dental stem cells (DSCs), with their homology and mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) properties, have gained significant attention as a potential avenue for PDL regeneration.

Pathogenic factors of maxillary sinus mucosal thickening observed by cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).

Objective: To explore the pathogenic factors associated with maxillary sinus mucosal thickening with Cone-beam computed Tomography (CBCT).

Methods: From 2016 through 2020, 93 patients with periapical periodontitis or periodontitis in the maxillary posterior dental region were selected.

Results: The preoperative thickness of the periodontitis group was significantly higher than that of the periapical periodontitis group (P < 0.

Treatment of Sinus Graft Infection After Sinus Floor Elevation: A Series of Four Case Reports.

This report of cases aims to share our treatment experiences in 4 sinus graft infection cases after sinus floor elevation and simultaneous implant placement. The preoperative and postoperative intraoral and radiographic photographs were collected and used to assess the treatment outcomes. The sinus cavity status, bone augmentation results, and implant stability were used as measurements to determine the treatment effectiveness.

3D-printed bioink loading with stem cells and cellular vesicles for periodontitis-derived bone defect repair.

The suitable microenvironment of bone regeneration is critically important for periodontitis-derived bone defect repair. Three major challenges in achieving a robust osteogenic reaction are the exist of oral inflammation, pathogenic bacteria invasion and unaffluent seed cells. Herein, a customizable and multifunctional 3D-printing module was designed with glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) modified epsilon-poly-L-lysine (EPLGMA) loading periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) and myeloid-derived suppressive cells membrane vesicles (MDSCs-MV) bioink (EPLGMA/PDLSCs/MDSCs-MVs, abbreviated as EPM) for periodontitis-derived bone defect repair.

A novel technique to harvest bone autografts with mild local hyperthermia and enhanced osteogenic bone quality: a preclinical study in dogs.

Background: Guided bone regeneration (GBR) involves collecting bone autografts with high bio-quality and efficiency. The current non-irrigated low-speed drilling has been limited for broader application in bone autograft harvest due to its low efficiency, inability to conduct buccal cortical perforation, and dependence on simultaneous implant placement. Increasing the drilling speed helps improve the efficiency but may incur thermal-mechanical bone damage.

Recent advances in the application and biological mechanism of silicon nitride osteogenic properties: a review.

Silicon nitride, an emerging bioceramic material, is highly sought after in the biomedical industry due to its osteogenesis-promoting properties, which are a result of its unique surface chemistry and excellent mechanical properties. Currently, it is used in clinics as an orthopedic implant material. The osteogenesis-promoting properties of silicon nitride are manifested in its contribution to the formation of a local osteogenic microenvironment, wherein silicon nitride and its hydrolysis products influence osteogenesis by modulating the biological behaviors of the constituents of the osteogenic microenvironment.

The clinical significance and application of the peri-implant phenotype in dental implant surgery: a narrative review.

Background And Objective: In recent years, the concept of the peri-implant phenotype has become a new standard for the clinical evaluation of the soft and hard tissues surrounding dental implants. Improving this phenotype enhances the likelihood of achieving long-term favorable results and is a necessary consideration during implant planning. Stable peri-implant tissue support is also crucial for the functional and aesthetic value of implant restoration.

Evaluation of volume changes following lateral window maxillary sinus floor elevation using Minics software.

Background: Significant volume changes at the site of lateral window maxillary sinus floor elevation have been reported 6 months postoperatively, with stabilization thereafter. However, at present, there is no consensus regarding the gold standard to assess the shape and volume of the bone graft site after implantation. This study aimed to analyze volume changes in the lateral window maxillary sinus floor elevation region using Minics software.

Impact of High-Altitude Hypoxia on Bone Defect Repair: A Review of Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications.

Reaching areas at altitudes over 2,500-3,000 m above sea level has become increasingly common due to commerce, military deployment, tourism, and entertainment. The high-altitude environment exerts systemic effects on humans that represent a series of compensatory reactions and affects the activity of bone cells. Cellular structures closely related to oxygen-sensing produce corresponding functional changes, resulting in decreased tissue vascularization, declined repair ability of bone defects, and longer healing time.

Effect of a neodymium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet laser on the physicochemical properties of contaminated titanium surfaces and macrophage polarization.

Aim(s): The objective of this study was to evaluate the changes in the physical and chemical properties of titanium surfaces contaminated by a Nd:YAG laser with different levels of energy and the regulation of macrophage polarization.

Materials And Methods: The titanium specimens were divided into four groups. The blank control group consisted of the above-mentioned contaminated titanium specimens, and the conditioned control group consisted of sandblasted and acid-etched (SLA) titanium surfaces.

Impact of High-Altitude Hypoxia on Early Osseointegration With Bioactive Titanium.

Nowadays, the bone osseointegration in different environments is comparable, but the mechanism is unclear. This study aimed to investigate the osseointegration of different bioactive titanium surfaces under normoxic or high-altitude hypoxic environments. Titanium implants were subjected to one of two surface treatments: (1) sanding, blasting, and acid etching to obtain a rough surface, or (2) extensive polishing to obtain a smooth surface.

Periodontitis regulates renal impairment in obese mice via TGF-β/Smad pathway.

Objective: To determine the impact of periodontitis on renal impairment induced by obesity.

Methods: Periodontitis and obesity models were induced using silk ligatures with bacteria and high-fat diet, respectively. Indicators of renal function were compared.

A Rapid and Convenient Approach to Construct Porous Collagen Membranes Bioskiving and Sonication-Feasible for Mineralization to Induce Bone Regeneration.

Porous mineralized collagen membranes efficiently promote bone regeneration. To generate them, we need to fabricate collagen membranes that are porous. However, the current fabrication method is primarily based on a bottom-up strategy, with certain limitations, such as a long manufacturing process, collagen denaturation, and failure to control fibril orientation.

Clinical Outcomes of Alveolar Ridge Augmentation with In Situ Autogenous Block Bone: A Retrospective Review.

Purpose: To present clinical outcomes of alveolar ridge augmentation using in situ autogenous block bone and to compare the outcomes with previous studies.

Materials And Methods: The medical records of patients with a severe horizontal bone defect in a partially edentulous alveolar ridge (width < 3.5 mm), who received bone augmentation using in situ autogenous block bone, were retrospectively reviewed.

Conditioned medium derived from 3D tooth germs: A novel cocktail for stem cell priming and early in vivo pulp regeneration.

Objectives: Conditioned medium (CM) from 2D cell culture can mitigate the weakened regenerative capacity of the implanted stem cells. However, the capacity of 3D CM to prime dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) for pulp regeneration and its protein profile are still elusive. We aim to investigate the protein profile of CM derived from 3D tooth germs, and to unveil its potential for DPSCs-based pulp regeneration.

The survival rates and risk factors of implants in the early stage: a retrospective study.

Background: Few large-sample studies in China have focused on the early survival of dental implants. The present study aimed to report the early survival rates of implants and determine the related influencing factors.

Methods: All patients receiving dental implants at our institution between 2006 and 2017 were included.

LncRNA ELF3-AS1 is involved in the regulation of oral squamous cell carcinoma cell proliferation by reprogramming glucose metabolism.

Purpose: The present study aims to investigate the role of ELF3-AS1 in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).

Patients And Methods: A total of 112 patients with OSCC were admitted in Guangdong Provincial Stomatological Hospital from March 2016 to March 2019. RT-qPCR, cells and transient transfections, cell proliferation rate measurements and Western blots were carried out to analyze the samples.

MALAT1 overexpression promotes the proliferation of human periodontal ligament stem cells by upregulating fibroblast growth factor 2.

Fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) has been revealed to promote human periodontal ligament stem cell (PDLSC) proliferation. The abnormal proliferation of PDLSCs has also been associated with the pathogenesis of periodontitis. The long non-coding RNA, metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1), has been demonstrated to regulate FGF2 secretion.

20(S)-hydroxycholesterol and simvastatin synergistically enhance osteogenic differentiation of marrow stromal cells and bone regeneration by initiation of Raf/MEK/ERK signaling.

Previous studies have demonstrated the significant roles of simvastatin (SVA) and oxysterols in the osteogenesis process. In this study, we evaluate the effect of a combination of SVA and 20(S)-hydroxycholesterol (20(S)OHC) on the cell viability and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs). After treatment with a control vehicle, SVA (0.