Hyalinizing trabecular tumor of the thyroid: A comprehensive review of clinicopathological features, diagnostic dilemmas, and emerging molecular insights.

Hyalinizing trabecular tumor (HTT), a rare thyroid neoplasm, is defined by its unique histopathological architecture and diagnostic complexity due to morphological mimicry of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and medullary thyroid carcinomas (MTC). This review consolidates contemporary insights into HTT's clinicopathological spectrum, diagnostic ambiguities, and molecular underpinnings. Epidemiologically, HTT predominantly affects middle-aged females, manifesting as circumscribed, asymptomatic nodules.

Development and validation of a Radiopathomics model based on CT scans and whole slide images for discriminating between Stage I-II and Stage III gastric cancer.

Objective: This study aimed to develop and validate an artificial intelligence radiopathological model using preoperative CT scans and postoperative hematoxylin and eosin (HE) stained slides to predict the pathological staging of gastric cancer (stage I-II and stage III).

Methods: This study included a total of 202 gastric cancer patients with confirmed pathological staging (training cohort: n = 141; validation cohort: n = 61). Pathological histological features were extracted from HE slides, and pathological models were constructed using logistic regression (LR), support vector machine (SVM), and NaiveBayes.

A comprehensive radiopathological nomogram for the prediction of pathological staging in gastric cancer using CT-derived and WSI-based features.

Objective: This study aims to develop and validate an innovative radiopathomics model that combines radiomics and pathomics features to effectively differentiate between stages I-II and stage III gastric cancer (pathological staging).

Methods: Our study included 200 patients with well-defined stages of gastric cancer divided into a training cohort (n = 140) and a test cohort (n = 60). Radiomics features were extracted from contrast-enhanced CT images using PyRadiomics, while pathomics features were obtained from whole slide images of pathological specimens through a fine-tuned deep learning model (ResNet-18).

Clinicopathological features and prognostic significance of pulmonary adenocarcinoma with signet ring cell components: meta-analysis and SEER analysis.

Pulmonary adenocarcinoma is a common type of lung cancer that has been on the rise in recent years. Signet ring cell components (SRCC) can be present in various patterns of pulmonary adenocarcinoma, including papillary, acinar, and solid patterns. "Signet ring cell carcinoma" is a distinct subtype in the 2014 WHO classification of lung neoplasms, subsequent WHO classifications in 2015 and 2021 have deemed signet ring cells as accompanying morphological features with no clinical significance.

20(S)-hydroxycholesterol and simvastatin synergistically enhance osteogenic differentiation of marrow stromal cells and bone regeneration by initiation of Raf/MEK/ERK signaling.

Previous studies have demonstrated the significant roles of simvastatin (SVA) and oxysterols in the osteogenesis process. In this study, we evaluate the effect of a combination of SVA and 20(S)-hydroxycholesterol (20(S)OHC) on the cell viability and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs). After treatment with a control vehicle, SVA (0.

Role of Hedgehog-Gli1 signaling in the enhanced proliferation and differentiation of MG63 cells enabled by hierarchical micro-/nanotextured topography.

Hedgehog-Gli1 signaling is evolutionarily conserved and plays an essential role in osteoblast proliferation and differentiation as well as bone formation. To evaluate the role of the Hedgehog-Gli1 pathway in the response of osteoblasts to hierarchical biomaterial topographies, human MG63 osteoblasts were seeded onto smooth, microstructured, and micro-/nanotextured topography (MNT) titanium to assess osteoblast proliferation and differentiation in terms of proliferative activity, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) production, and osteogenesis-related gene expression. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the mRNA expression of Sonic hedgehog (Shh), Smoothened (Smo), and Gli1, and the protein levels were assayed by Western blotting.