Antitumor Activity of Polysaccharides Through Mitochondrial Apoptosis in Cellular and Zebrafish Models.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a predominant cause of global cancer-related mortality, highlighting the pressing demand for innovative therapeutic strategies. Natural polysaccharides have emerged as promising candidates in cancer research due to their multifaceted anticancer mechanisms and tumor-suppressive potential across diverse malignancies. In this study, we enzymatically extracted a polysaccharide, named ERPP, from and comprehensively evaluated its anti-colorectal cancer activity.

Recent Advances in Functionally Engineered Aptamers: Strategies and Applications.

Aptamers are oligonucleotide sequences selected in vitro that possess advantages such as small size, non-toxicity, and ease of modification. Aptamer-based biosensing is advancing rapidly owing to the high affinity and specificity of aptamers for target molecules. Nevertheless, their relatively flexible structure and susceptibility to degradation in biological environments pose challenges for practical applications.

Activatable Proximity-Labeled Fluorogenic Probe for Visualizing the Role of Estrogen in Regulating Liver Carboxylesterase Expression.

Estradiol (E2), the most potent form of estrogen, holds a central position in regulating physiological functions and influencing disease states across the female lifecycle. Carboxylesterases (CEs), as a widely distributed drug-metabolizing enzyme in human liver and plasma, play a crucial role in the hydrolytic metabolism of drugs, and their activities are significantly affected by estrogen levels, making the interplay between E2 and CEs particularly important. Thus, elucidating how E2 modulates CEs is vital for refining drug therapy, particularly for pregnant and postmenopausal women.

Comparison of efficacy and prognostic impact of adjuvant I therapy at 3.7 GBq and 5.55 GBq in DTC patients with unexplained sTg elevation.

Background: The optimal dose of adjuvant radioiodine(I) therapy for differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) remains controversial. This study aimed to determine the efficacy and prognostic impact of two doses of adjuvant I therapy (3.7 GBq and 5.

Parameter-sensitive life cycle assessment of sludge incineration technologies integrating energy balance model.

Incineration is vital for safe sewage sludge treatment and resource recovery in China, using methods like mono-incineration (INC), and co-incineration in coal plant (CINP), cement kiln (CINC), and municipal solid waste incineration plant (CINM). Existing studies suffer from poor inventory quality and inaccurate quantification. To overcome these challenges, this study integrates the energy balance model with life cycle assessment to evaluate key system parameters, quantify co-incineration disturbances, and assess environmental impacts.

Assembly of adaptive engineering aptamers for Escherichia coli and their application in all-in-one rapid detection.

Multivalent engineering aptamers (multi-Apts) adaptive and specific to whole Escherichia coli (E. coli: CMCC 44102) cells based on hybridization chain reaction (HCR) were constructed for the first time. The dissociation constant (K) value for these multi-Apts was 48 nM, demonstrating a higher affinity than that of monovalent aptamers (mono-Apts) (K = 102 nM).

GHCYP706A7 governs anthocyanin biosynthesis to mitigate ROS under alkali stress in cotton.

Flavonoid 3'-hydroxylase synthesis gene-GHCYP706A7, enhanced cotton resistance to alkali stress by scavenging ROS to regulate anthocyanin synthesis. Anthocyanins are a class of flavonoids that play a significant role in mediating plant responses to adverse environmental conditions. Flavonoid 3'-hydroxylase (F3'H), a member of the cytochrome P-450 (CYP) family, is a pivotal enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of anthocyanins.

GhADT5 enhances alkali stress tolerance in cotton by regulating phenylalanine-derived flavonoid biosynthesis and antioxidant defense.

Phenylalanine (Phe), an aromatic amino acid, is a key precursor of flavonoids, which are crucial for plant growth and development. Arogenate dehydratase (ADT) catalyzes the final step in Phe biosynthesis. This study identified eleven ADT genes in G.

Silica Nanoparticles Induce SH-SY5Y Cells Death Via PARP and Caspase Signaling Pathways.

A growing stream of research indicates that exposure to Silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) can cause nervous system damage, leading to the occurrence of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease. However, the specific mechanism by which SiNPs cause neuroblast injury remains unclear and requires further research. This study established an in vitro experimental model of SH-SY5Y cells exposed to SiNPs and observed cell growth through an inverted fluorescence microscope.

Current status of cyclopropane fatty acids on bacterial cell membranes characteristics and physiological functions.

Wide-ranging sophisticated physiological activities of cell membranes are associated with changes in fatty acid structure and composition. The cfa gene is a core regulator of cell membrane fatty acid cyclopropanation reaction. Its encoded cyclopropane fatty acid synthase (CFA synthase) catalyzes the binding of unsaturated fatty acid (UFA) to methylene groups, which undergoes cyclopropanation modification to produce cyclopropane fatty acids (CFAs).

Pleural metastases from differentiated thyroid cancer: clinical features and long-term outcomes.

Objective: Pleural metastasis (PM) is rare in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). Radioiodine (131I) therapy has been the main treatment for postoperative metastasis and recurrence of DTC. However, clinical data on PM from DTC are limited.

Mortality and genetic diversity of antibiotic-resistant bacteria associated with bloodstream infections: a systemic review and genomic analysis.

Background: Bloodstream infections (BSIs) caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) represent a significant disease burden worldwide. However, a comprehensive analysis of the mortality rates and global epidemiology across different ARB species associated with BSIs is currently lacking.

Methods: We conducted a systematic review by searching multiple databases (PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase) for studies reporting ARB-related BSIs data up to June 19, 2023.

Evaluation of Anticancer and Immunomodulatory Effects of Microwave-Extracted Polysaccharide from .

In recent years, research on active polysaccharides has progressed significantly, particularly regarding their anticancer and immunomodulatory properties. Among these, clam polysaccharides, a type of marine-derived polysaccharide, exhibit notable biological activities, including both anticancer effects and immune modulation. The aims of this study are to investigate the anticancer and immunomodulatory effects of microwave-extracted clam polysaccharide (MCP) in vitro.

Visualizing Carboxylesterase Activity in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Using an Activatable Endoplasmic Reticulum Targetable Proximity Labeling Far-Red Fluorescent Probe.

Carboxylesterase (CE), an enzyme widely present in organisms, is involved in various physiological and pathological processes. Changes in the levels of CEs in the liver may predict the presence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Here, a novel dicyanoisophorone (DCI)-based proximity-labeled far-red fluorescent probe DCI2F-Ac with endoplasmic reticulum targeting was proposed for real-time monitoring and imaging of the CEs activity.

Global epidemiology and genetic diversity of mcr-positive Klebsiella pneumoniae: A systematic review and genomic analysis.

The rapid increase of mcr-positive Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) has received considerable attention and poses a major public health concern. Here, we systematically analyzed the global distribution of mcr-positive K.

Regulating Sodium Deposition Behavior by a Triple-Gradient Framework for High-Performance Sodium Metal Batteries.

An efficient method for the synthesis of a self-supporting carbon framework (denoted Gra-GC-MoSe) is proposed with a triple-gradient structure-in sodiophilic sites, pore volume, and electrical conductivity-which facilitates the highly efficient regulation of Na deposition. In situ and ex situ measurements, together with theoretical calculations, reveal that the gradient distribution of Se heteroatoms in MoSe, and its derivatives tailor the sodiophilicity, while the gradient distribution of porous nanostructures homogenizes the Na diffusion. Therefore, Na deposition occurs from the bottom to the top of the Gra-GC-MoSe framework without dendrite formation.

Global distribution and genetic characterization of bla-positive plasmids in Escherichia coli.

In recent years, the emergence of bla-encoding Escherichia coli (E. coli) poses a significant threat to human health. Here, we systematically analyzed the global geographic distribution and genetic characteristics of 328 bla-positive E.

Novel ratiometric electrochemical aptasensor based on broad-spectrum aptamer recognition for simultaneous detection of penicillin antibiotics in milk.

To effectively monitor multi-residues of penicillin antibiotics (PENs) in milk, we developed a novel ratiometric electrochemical aptasensor enabling simultaneous detection of PENs. The aptasensor employed a broad-spectrum aptamer as a recognition element, niobium carbide functionalized with methylene blue (NbC-MB) as a reference signal generator, and a ferrocene-labeled aptamer (Fc-Apt) as an output signal. Electrodes were modified with Fe-N-C doped carbon nanotubes (Fe-N-C-CNTs) to amplify detection signals further.

Large-scale comparative analysis reveals phylogenomic preference of bla and bla transmission among Klebsiella pneumoniae.

bla and bla are responsible for the global increase in carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae, posing a great challenge to public health. However, the impact of phylogenetic factors on the dissemination of bla and bla is not yet fully understood This study established a global dataset of 4051 bla+ and 10,223 bla+ K. pneumoniae genomes, and compared their transmission modes on a global scale.

GhVIM28, a negative regulator identified from VIM family genes, positively responds to salt stress in cotton.

The VIM (belonged to E3 ubiquitin ligase) gene family is crucial for plant growth, development, and stress responses, yet their role in salt stress remains unclear. We analyzed phylogenetic relationships, chromosomal localization, conserved motifs, gene structure, cis-acting elements, and gene expression patterns of the VIM gene family in four cotton varieties. Our findings reveal 29, 29, 17, and 14 members in Gossypium hirsutum (G.

Repurposing homoharringtonine for thyroid cancer treatment through TIMP1/FAK/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.

Homoharringtonine (HHT), an alkaloid isolated from , is an effective anti-leukemia agent and exhibits inhibitory effects in various solid tumors. However, the impacts of HHT treatment on thyroid cancer (TC) remain unclear. Our findings demonstrated that HHT exhibited remarkable anti-TC activity that involved inhibiting cell proliferation, invasion, and migration, as well as inducing apoptosis.

Synthesis of dual models multivalent activatable aptamers based on HCR and RCA for ultrasensitive detection of Salmonella typhimurium.

Aptamers have superior structural properties and have been widely used in bacterial detection methods. However, the problem of low affinity still exists in complex sample detection. In contrast, hybridization chain reaction (HCR)-based model I and rolling circle amplification (RCA)-based model II multivalent activatable aptamers (multi-Apts) can fulfill the need for low-cost, rapid, highly sensitive and high affinity detection of S.

UIO66 low background signal and fluorescence synergism strategy for highly sensitive detection of Salmonella typhimurium.

Successful construction of a detection method for Salmonella typhimurium (S. typhimurium) based on the synergy of hybridization chain reaction (HCR) and fluorescence was realized in this paper. First, the aptamer modified with the quenching group Black Hole Quencher-1 acid (BHQ1) was immobilized on the magnetic beads in combination with the complementary chain of the aptamer modified with 6-carboxyfluorescein (6-FAM).