Identification of foam cell like M2 macrophages, AEBP1 biomarkers, and resveratrol as potential therapeutic in MASLD using Ecotyper and WGCNA.

The immune cell landscapes in metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) and their clinical relevance have not been explored. We used Ecotyper to identify immune cell states based on gene expression and examined their roles in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) progression. Limma was applied to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs).

Uncovering an Interfacial Band Resulting from Orbital Hybridization in Nickelate Heterostructures.

The interaction of atomic orbitals at the interface of perovskite oxide heterostructures has been investigated for its profound impact on the band structures and electronic properties, giving rise to unique electronic states and a variety of tunable functionalities. In this study, we conducted an extensive investigation of the optical and electronic properties of epitaxial NdNiO synthesized on a series of single-crystal substrates. Unlike nanofilms synthesized on other substrates, NdNiO on SrTiO (NNO/STO) gives rise to a unique band structure featuring an additional unoccupied band situated above the Fermi level.

Chemical synthesis and functional evaluation of glycopeptides and glycoproteins containing rare glycosyl amino acid linkages.

Covering: 1987 to 2023Naturally existing glycoproteins through post-translational protein glycosylation are highly heterogeneous, which not only impedes the structure-function studies, but also hinders the development of their potential medical usage. Chemical synthesis represents one of the most powerful tools to provide the structurally well-defined glycoforms. Being the key step of glycoprotein synthesis, glycosylation usually takes place at serine, threonine, and asparagine residues, leading to the predominant formation of the - and -glycans, respectively.

Effect of circadian rhythm change on gut microbiota and the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in mice.

Background: This study was to investigate the effect and possible mechanism of circadian rhythm change on the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in mice.

Methods: A total of 80 male SPF-grade 4-week C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into normal diet normal light/dark cycle (ND-LD) and high-fat diet all dark (HFD-DD) groups. Weight measurements were taken weekly, and after 24 weeks of intervention, 24 mice from both groups were randomly selected and analyzed.

Polyethylene fibers containing directional microchannels for passive radiative cooling.

Passive radiative cooling (PRC) that realizes thermal management without consuming any energy has attracted increasing attention. Unfortunately, polymer fibers with radiative cooling function fabricated a facile, continuous, large-scale and eco-friendly method have been scarcely reported. Herein, polyethylene fibers containing directional microchannels (PFCDM) are facilely fabricated melt extrusion and water leaching.

MCAFNet: multiscale cross-layer attention fusion network for honeycomb lung lesion segmentation.

Accurate segmentation of honeycomb lung lesions from lung CT images plays a crucial role in the diagnosis and treatment of various lung diseases. However, the availability of algorithms for automatic segmentation of honeycomb lung lesions remains limited. In this study, we propose a novel multi-scale cross-layer attention fusion network (MCAFNet) specifically designed for the segmentation of honeycomb lung lesions, taking into account their shape specificity and similarity to surrounding vascular shadows.

Managing genomic diversity in conservation programs of Chinese domestic chickens.

Background: Effective conservation and utilization of farm animals are fundamental for realizing sustainable increases in food production. In situ and ex situ conservation are the two main strategies that are currently used to protect the genetic integrity of Chinese domestic chicken breeds. However, genomic diversity and population structure have not been compared in these conserved populations.

Therapeutic effect of fenofibrate for non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in mouse models is dependent on regime design.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the leading cause of chronic liver diseases. In most cases, NAFLD progresses from benign steatosis to steatohepatitis (NASH), and then to cirrhosis. No treatment is currently approved for NAFLD/NASH in the clinic.

Identification of disease-related genes and construction of a gene co-expression database in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

The mechanism of NAFLD progression remains incompletely understood. Current gene-centric analysis methods lack reproducibility in transcriptomic studies. A compendium of NAFLD tissue transcriptome datasets was analyzed.

Natural Foods for the Treatment of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common chronic liver diseases worldwide. The etiology of NAFLD is highly heterogeneous, which occurs and develops under the joint action of metabolism, inflammation, genetics, environment, and gut microbiota. At present, the principal therapeutic modalities targeting NAFLD are lifestyle interventions such as weight loss through diet and exercise.

Rational Design and Synthesis of D-galactosyl Lysophospholipids as Selective Substrates and non-ATP-competitive Inhibitors of Phosphatidylinositol Phosphate Kinases.

Phosphatidylinositol phosphate kinases (PIPKs) produce lipid signaling molecules and have been attracting increasing attention as drug targets for cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and viral infection. Given the potential cross-inhibition of kinases and other ATP-utilizing enzymes by ATP-competitive inhibitors, targeting the unique lipid substrate binding site represents a superior strategy for PIPK inhibition. Here, by taking advantage of the nearly identical stereochemistry between myo-inositol and D-galactose, we designed and synthesized a panel of D-galactosyl lysophospholipids, one of which was found to be a selective substrate of phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase.

Gene Network Analysis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Identifies Modules Associated with Disease Progression, Survival, and Chemo Drug Resistance.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. HCC transcriptome has been extensively studied; however, the progress in disease mechanisms, prognosis, and treatment is still slow.

Methods: A rank-based module-centric workflow was introduced to analyze important modules associated with HCC development, prognosis, and drug resistance.

Optimization of nitrogen and carbon removal with simultaneous partial nitrification, anammox and denitrification in membrane bioreactor.

In this study, a membrane bioreactor (MBR) was used to achieve both nitrogen and carbon removal by a simultaneous partial nitrification, anammox and denitrification (SNAD) process. During the entire experiment, the intermittent aeration (non-aerobic time : aeration time, min min) cycle was controlled by a time-controlled switch, and the aeration rate was controlled by a gas flowmeter, and the optimal operating parameters as determined by response surface methodology (RSM) were a C/N value of 1.16, a DO value of 0.

Preparation and characterization of nano amitriptyline hydrochloride particles by spray freeze drying.

To investigate the enhancement of bioavailability by the usage of drug nanoparticles for increasing the efficacy of antidepressant therapeutic value. Nano-amitriptyline HCI (AMT·HCl) particles were successfully prepared via a simple spray freeze drying (SFD) method. The as-prepared nanoparticles are amorphous instead of crystalline.

Gene Expression Analysis of Pak Choi in Response to Vernalization.

Pak choi is a seed vernalization-type plant whose vernalization mechanism is currently unclear. Therefore, it is critical to discover genes related to vernalization and research its functions during vernalization in pak choi. Here, the gene expression profiles in the shoot apex were analyzed after low temperature treatment using high-throughput RNA sequencing technology.

Influence of chlorine coordination number on the catalytic mechanism of ruthenium chloride catalysts in the acetylene hydrochlorination reaction: a DFT study.

The catalytic mechanism of Ru-based catalysts in the acetylene hydrochlorination reaction has been investigated via the density functional theory (DFT) method. To study the effect of the chlorine coordination number on the catalytic mechanism, Ru3Cl9, Ru3Cl7, Ru5Cl7, Ru3Cl3 and Ru3 clusters were chosen as the catalytic models. Our results show that the energy barrier for acetylene hydrochlorination on Ru3Cl9 was as high as 1.