The synergistic administration of sanguinarine and curcumin ameliorates indomethacin-induced small intestinal injury in rats through the modulation of Nrf2 and NF-κB signaling pathways.

The synergistic effects of natural compounds provide "multi-component, multi-target" advantages by optimizing efficacy-toxicity profiles. This study elucidates the protective mechanisms and optimal combination of sanguinarine (SA) and curcumin (Cur) in mitigating indomethacin-induced small intestinal injury. A rat model of indomethacin-induced intestinal injury was utilized to assess the therapeutic efficacy of various SA/Cur combinations, with the SA1+Cur40 mg/kg combination identified as optimal, using berberine (Ber) as a positive control.

Data mining guided affinity ultrafiltration for rapid screening of SARS-CoV-2 3CL inhibitors in medicinal herbs.

Clinical studies have demonstrated that many traditional Chinese medicines (TCM) exhibit not only antiviral effects but also efficacy in alleviating clinical symptoms of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, the pharmacologically active constituents responsible for their anti-COVID-19 efficacy remain unclear. This study aimed to establish a novel strategy for identifying active ingredients from herbs clinically used for COVID-19.

Multifaceted Interactions Between Bile Acids, Their Receptors, and MASH: From Molecular Mechanisms to Clinical Therapeutics.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) represents a critical hepatic manifestation within the broader spectrum of metabolic syndrome. The pathogenesis of MASH is characterized by disruptions in lipid metabolism, inflammation, and fibrosis. Bile acids and their receptors are integral to the progression of MASH, primarily through their regulatory influence on the metabolic networks of the gut-liver axis.

Hierarchical enrichment driven ultrafiltration for rapid identification of 3-chymotrypsin-like protease inhibitors from Forsythia suspensa (Thunb.) Vahl.

The discovery of high-quality natural product-based enzyme inhibitors remains a major challenge due to the chemical complexity of herbal extracts. Although affinity-based ligand fishing and ultrafiltration are rapid methods for screening active compounds, non-specific interactions often interfere with the binding of high-quality active compounds to target enzymes, resulting in the fished components with weak or no biological activity. To overcome this limitation, we developed a novel hierarchical enrichment-driven ultrafiltration strategy by integrating affinity ultrafiltration (AUF) with solid-phase extraction (SPE).

Distribution characteristics of microbial aerosols and optimization of protective methods during ultrasonic scaling procedure.

This study aimed to explore microbial aerosol distribution characteristics in the dental clinic during ultrasonic scaling and evaluate the effects of three different interventions on aerosol distribution and protective effects. For twenty minutes, ultrasonic scaling was carried out in a standardized operatory room. A blank control group and three intervention groups were created: high-volume evacuator (HVE), plasma purification (PP), and fenestrated ventilation (VT).

Protecting and rejuvenating ageing skin by regulating endogenous hyaluronan metabolism using adipose-derived stem cell-secreted siRNAs.

Background: Loss of moisture is the primary cause of skin ageing and dysfunction. The skin's hydration largely depends on hyaluronan (HA) and its ability to retain water. Ultraviolet (UV) irradiation, which accounts for 80% of skin ageing (commonly referred to as photoaging), gradually disrupts the balance of HA metabolism, leading to a reduction in HA levels, dehydration, and, ultimately, the formation of wrinkles.

AI-Driven Data Analysis for Asthma Risk Prediction.

Asthma is a well-known otolaryngological and immunological disorder that affects patients worldwide. Currently, the primary diagnosis relies on a combination of clinical history, physical examination findings consistent with asthma, and objective evidence of reversible airflow obstruction. However, the diagnostic process can be invasive and time-consuming, which limits clinical efficiency and accessibility.

Accuracy of digital indirect bonding technology for customized orthodontic brackets based on personalized typodonts.

Objective: The chief aim of this study was to confirm the accuracy and repeatability of digital indirect bonding (IDB) by simulating customized clinical orthodontic procedures with personalized typodonts from the perspective of orthodontic outcomes.

Methods: Five personalized typodonts were produced with 3D-printing technology to mimic straight-wire orthodontic procedures. The digital IDB was employed to position the customized brackets.

Irreversible Charging Caused by Energy Dissipation from Depinning of Droplets on Polymer Surfaces.

Interfacial energy dissipation during stick-slip motion of a liquid drop on a nonconductive polymer substrate is shown to lead to an irreversible increase in electrical charge. This previously unobserved phenomenon occurs during surface wetting, in contrast to the previously reported charge separation mechanism that occurs during dewetting. Understanding this electrification mechanism will facilitate the design of energy harvesters and aid the development of risk mitigation strategies for electrostatic buildup in liquid flow across a wide range of industrial applications.

Comparative Mitogenomic Analyses of Tanypodinae (Diptera: Chironomidae).

Tanypodinae, a highly diverse subfamily within Chironomidae (Diptera), has been poorly represented in mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) databases, with only a limited number of complete or partial sequences available. To address this gap, we present the first complete mitogenome sequences of 16 Tanypodinae species and 1 Podonominae species. By integrating these novel data with previously published chironomid mitogenomes, we conducted a comprehensive comparative mitogenomic analysis of 21 Tanypodinae species.

The T-type voltage-gated Ca channel Ca3.1 involves in the disruption of respiratory epithelial barrier induced by toxin.

toxin (PMT) is an exotoxin produced by several members of the zoonotic respiratory pathogen . The role of PMT in disrupting the mammalian respiratory barrier remains to be elucidated. In this study, we showed that inoculation of recombinantly expressed PMT increased the permeability of the respiratory epithelial barrier in mouse and respiratory cell models.

Oyster Shell Powder/PCL Composite Scaffolds Loaded with Psoralen Nanospheres Promote Large Bone Defect Repair.

Research on bone substitutes for repairing bone defects has drawn increasing attention, and the efficacy of three-dimensional (3D) printed bioactive porous scaffolds for bone defect repair has been well documented. Our previous studies have shown that psoralen can promote osteogenesis by activating the Wnt/β-catenin and BMP/Smad signaling pathways and their crosstalk effects, and psoralen nanospheres have a good osteogenesis-promoting effect with low cytotoxicity. The Chinese medicine oyster shell powder, characterized by its porous structure, strong adsorption, and unique bioactivity, has potential in fracture-promoting repair materials.

Pesticide avermectin B1a exerts cytotoxicity by blocking the interaction between mini-chromosome maintenance 6 protein (MCM6) and chromatin licensing and DNA replication factor 1 (CDT1).

Avermectin B1a, a widely used pesticide, has recently raised safety concerns since it possesses potential cytotoxicity toward mammalian cells. Nevertheless, the exact mechanisms that underlie the cytotoxicity induced by avermectin B1a remain elusive. The loading of the mini-chromosome maintenance 6 protein (MCM6) onto chromatin at replication origins by chromatin licensing and DNA replication factor 1 (CDT1) is an essential step for licensing DNA for replication.

Effect of joint angle positioning on shearwave speed and variability with ultrasound shearwave elastography in asymptomatic Achilles and patellar tendons.

This study investigated the impact of joint positioning on ultrasound shear wave elastography measurements in the Achilles and patellar tendons. Twenty-eight healthy adults underwent SWE assessment of shear wave speed (SWS) and coefficient of variation in SWS (CV-SWS) at three ankle positions (neutral, 10° plantar flexion, and 20° dorsiflexion) and two knee positions (90° flexion and full extension), at two academic sites. Participant positioning for ankle testing differed between sites (prone vs long-sitting)-while knee testing used consistent positioning.

Synthesis of CuInS Quantum Dots Modified with Alanine for Sensitive and Selective Detection of Pb and Cysteine.

In this study, a novel fluorescent probe based on CuInS quantum dots modified with alanine (Ala-CuInS QDs) was developed for the detection of lead ions and cysteine (Pb and Cys). Ala-CuInS QDs were synthesized through a one-step hydrothermal method exhibiting uniform size, good stability and water solubility. The QDs were then utilized as an "on-off-on" fluorescence sensor to detect Pb and Cys in the ranges of 0-20 µM and 0-55 µM respectively, with detection limits of 0.

Rh(III)-Catalyzed Regioselective Alkyne Insertion in the Context of C-H Activation and Lactonization Reactions: Synthesis of Fused 1,2-Oxaphospholenes.

Herein, we report an expedient synthesis of fused phosphorus-containing heterocycles via Rh-catalyzed cascade C-H activation, alkyne insertion, and lactonization reactions. The substrate scope and the group tolerance are good, as various substituted benzoic acids, -methoxybenzamides, and 2-phenylindoles could go through the reactions smoothly to afford the corresponding products in moderate to high yields. Additionally, excellent regioselectivities are shown in the alkyne insertion with the assistance of an electron-withdrawing phosphonate group.

Minimal effect of scanning parameters on ultrasound shear wave elastography variability in tendons.

Purpose: Ultrasound shear wave elastography has potential use in assessing tendon tissue; however, reducing measurement variability remains challenging. The primary purpose of this study was to identify the amount of variability accounted for by ultrasound parameter (frequency, harmonics and CrossXBeam) settings on shear wave speed at two testing sites.

Methods: Shear wave elastography images of the Achilles tendon were obtained from individuals with healthy tendons (n = 28) at two testing sites with standardised image acquisition/postprocessing protocols.

The relationship between hypertriglyceridemic wait-to-height ratio and hypertension-diabetes comorbidity among older adult.

Objective: Limited information is available on the effect of hypertriglyceridemic waist-to-height ratio (HTHWH) and hypertension-diabetes comorbidity (HAD) in older adult people. We aimed to explore the relationship between HTHWH and HAD for the co-management of hypertension and diabetes mellitus in the older adult.

Methods: A cross-sectional study, randomized cluster sampling from 10 community health service centers, and multivariate logistic regression were used in this study.

The value of multimodal ultrasound in diagnosis of cervical lymphadenopathy: can real-time elastography help identify benign and malignant lymph nodes?

Aim: To investigate the multimodal ultrasound(MMUS) features of cervical lymphadenopathy and to assess its value in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant cervical lymph nodes.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of 169 patients with cervical lymph node enlargement who attended Hangzhou Red Cross Hospital from March 2020 to October 2022. All patients underwent conventional ultrasound (CUS), contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS), and real-time elastography (RTE), and were divided into training set and validation set.

New mitogenomes from the genus Cricotopus (Diptera: Chironomidae, Orthocladiinae): Characterization and phylogenetic implications.

Cricotopus is a large and diverse genus of non-biting midges composed of several subgenera. Complete mitogenome sequences are available for very few Cricotopus species. The subgenus Pseudocricotopus unites species with unusual morphological structures in adult male and pupal stages, however, molecular methods are needed to verify the placement of this subgenus within Cricotopus.

Hst1/Gel-MA Scaffold Significantly Promotes the Quality of Osteochondral Regeneration in the Temporomandibular Joint.

Objective: Our aim was to evaluate the capacity of the human salivary histatin-1-functionalized methacrylic gelatin scaffold to control osteochondral tissue regeneration and repair in vivo in rabbits with major temporomandibular joint dimensional abnormalities.

Materials And Methods: In order to compare human salivary histatin-1-functionalized methacrylic gelatin scaffolds to the Blank and Gel-MA hydrogel groups, scaffolds were implanted into osteochondral lesions of a critical size (3 × 3 mm) in the anterior region of the condyle of the temporomandibular joint in New Zealand white rabbits. At 4 weeks after implantation, the repair was evaluated using macroscopic examination, histology, and micro-CT analysis.

Discovery of unique CYP716C oxidase involved in pentacyclic triterpene biosynthesis from Camptotheca acuminata.

Dozens of triterpenes have been isolated from Camptotheca acuminata, however, triterpene metabolism in this plant remains poorly understood. The common C28 carboxy located in the oleanane-type and ursane-type triterpenes indicates the existence of a functionally active triterpene, C28 oxidase, in this plant. Thorough mining and screening of the CYP716 genes were initiated using the multi-omics database for C.

Proteomics-Guided Mining and Characterization of Epoxidase Involved in Camptothecin Biosynthesis from .

The detailed metabolic map for camptothecin (CPT) biosynthesis in has been proposed according to our combined omics results. However, the CYP450-mediated epoxidation step in CPT biosynthesis remains unexplored. A proteomics-guided approach was used to identify and annotate the proteins enriched during the vigorous CPT metabolism period in mature and seedlings.