Affinity Maturation and Light-Chain-Mediated Paratope Diversification Anticipate Viral Evolution.

A key goal of vaccinology is to train the immune system to combat current pathogens while simultaneously preparing it for future evolved variants. Understanding factors contributing to anticipatory breadth, wherein affinity maturation against an ancestral strain yields neutralization capacity against evolved variants, is therefore of great importance. Here, we investigated the mechanism of anticipatory breadth development in a public antibody family targeting the functionally restricted ACE2 binding site on SARS-CoV-2.

Prevalence and factors associated with insomnia among firefighting personnel in Dhaka division, Bangladesh.

Background: Firefighting is a challenging and stressful job, and firefighters face many adverse conditions while performing their duties. The study aimed to assess the prevalence of insomnia among firefighting staff working in the Dhaka division of Bangladesh and identify the factors contributing to the severity of insomnia.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among a total of 406 employees of the Department of Fire Service & Civil Defense (FSCD) working in randomly selected nine districts of the Dhaka division using a simple random sampling (SRS) technique.

Uncovering dendritic cell specific biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis of cardiomyopathy using single cell RNA sequencing and comprehensive bioinformatics analysis.

Cardiomyopathy is a type of cardiovascular disorder that is a primary cause of death globally, killing millions of people each year. Cardiomyopathy detection and early diagnosis are crucial in reducing negative health effects. Thus, this study aims to use single cell RNA sequencing, and bioinformatics analysis to uncover dendritic cell-specific biomarkers, gene ontology, pathways, regulatory interaction networks, and protein-chemical compounds related to the molecular mechanism of cardiomyopathy progression.

Isolated iridium oxide sites on modified carbon nitride for photoreforming of plastic derivatives.

The rising concentration of plastics due to extensive disposal and inefficient recycling of plastic waste poses an imminent and critical threat to the environment and ecological systems. Photocatalytic reforming of plastic derivatives to value-added chemicals under ambient conditions proceeds at lower oxidation potential which galvanizes the hydrogen evolution. We report the synthesis of a narrow band gap NCN-functionalized O-bridged carbon nitride (MC) through condensation polymerization of hydrogen-bonded melem (M)-cyameluric acid (C) macromolecular aggregate.

Photocatalytic asymmetric C-C coupling for CO reduction on dynamically reconstructed Ru-O/Ru-O sites.

Solar-driven CO reduction to value-added C chemicals is thermodynamically challenging due to multiple complicated steps. The design of active sites and structures for photocatalysts is necessary to improve solar energy efficiency. In this work, atomically dispersed Ru-O sites in RuInO are constructed by interior lattice anchoring of Ru.

Psychiatric disorder and life-event in self harm: A cross-sectional study among clinical population in Bangladesh.

Background: Mental illness is an important risk factor for self-harm behavior. However, the association between self-harm behavior and psychiatric disorders has been poorly studied in Bangladesh.

Aims: To determine the prevalence of psychiatric disorders and life-events among patients with a self harm behavior.

A conceptual model for evaluating readiness for lean practices using a fuzzy logic approach: A case study in Bangladeshi healthcare institutes.

In the realm of healthcare, an imperative necessity for all, institutions are increasingly recognizing the advantages of adopting lean strategies to enhance performance. Lean implementation in healthcare can lead to significant improvements in efficiency, patient care, and overall institutional performance. This paper aims to assess the readiness levels for implementing lean practices in healthcare institutes in Bangladesh, employing a fuzzy logic approach.

Rate and sociodemographic correlates of depression, anxiety, and stress among domestic and overseas medical students: A cross-sectional observation from a private medical college in Bangladesh.

Background: Depression, anxiety, and stress are the commonly encountered mental health conditions among medical students. Overseas environment may add additional burden to the existing environment. However, comparison of the rate and associated factors of depression, anxiety, stress among domestic and overseas students has not been attempted in Bangladesh.

Moving towards food security in South Asian region: Assessing the role of agricultural trade openness, production and employment.

Despite several accomplishments in addressing malnutrition, the issue of food scarcity remains a persistent concern all over the globe, particularly in the South Asian region. One recommended solution to address this situation involves advocating for further liberalization of global food trading and opening employment opportunities. In this context, using panel data spanning 2000-2019, this study makes a novel attempt to quantify the impact of agricultural trade openness and agricultural employment on food security in countries belonging to the South Asian region while controlling the tariff and agricultural production.

Antibody longevity and waning following COVID-19 vaccination in a 1-year longitudinal cohort in Bangladesh.

COVID-19 vaccines have been effective in preventing severe illness, hospitalization and death, however, the effectiveness diminishes with time. Here, we evaluated the longevity of antibodies generated by COIVD-19 vaccines and the risk of (re)infection in Bangladeshi population. Adults receiving two doses of AstraZeneca, Pfizer, Moderna or Sinopharm vaccines were enrolled at 2-4 weeks after second dosing and followed-up at 4-monthly interval for 1 year.

Assessing the choice of smoke-free policies for multiunit housing and its associated determinants in Bangladesh: a cross-sectional study.

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the desire for smoke-free housing, determine the choice of smoke-free policies for multiunit housing (MUH), and identify the factors associated with policy choice among MUH residents in Bangladesh.

Design: We conducted a cross-sectional study from April to November 2019 using a semi-structured survey questionnaire.

Setting: This study was conducted in seven divisional cities of Bangladesh: Dhaka, Chattogram, Rajshahi, Khulna, Sylhet, Barishal, and Rangpur.

Did the COVID-19 pandemic affect levels of burnout, anxiety and depression among doctors and nurses in Bangladesh? A cross-sectional survey study.

Introduction: COVID-19 has caused severe disruption to clinical services in Bangladesh but the extent of this, and the impact on healthcare professionals is unclear. We aimed to assess the perceived levels of anxiety, depression and burnout among doctors and nurses during COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: We undertook an online survey using RedCap, directed at doctors and nurses across four institutions in Bangladesh (The Sheikh Russel Gastro Liver Institute & Hospital (SRNGIH), Dhaka Medical College Hospital (DMCH), Mugda Medical College Hospital (MMCH) and M Abdur Rahim Medical College (MARMC) Hospital).

Prevalence and factors associated with depression and anxiety among COVID-19 survivors in Dhaka city.

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global public health concern. Evidence shows that depression and anxiety are common among patients with COVID-19 after recovery. About one-third of the total COVID-19 cases in Bangladesh have been reported in Dhaka city.

Testing the validity of Wagner's law in four income groups: A dynamic panel data analysis.

This study endeavors to examine the validity of Wagner's Law, which has received considerable attention in recent years. We develop a panel dataset of 20 countries, taking five countries from each income group defined by the World Bank, for the 1991-2018 periods. Five different versions of the law are tested using this dataset.

Antibody-mediated SARS-CoV-2 entry in cultured cells.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) enters host cells by first engaging its cellular receptor angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) to induce conformational changes in the virus-encoded spike protein and fusion between the viral and target cell membranes. Here, we report that certain monoclonal neutralizing antibodies against distinct epitopic regions of the receptor-binding domain of the spike can replace ACE2 to serve as a receptor and efficiently support membrane fusion and viral infectivity in vitro. These receptor-like antibodies can function in the form of a complex of their soluble immunoglobulin G with Fc-gamma receptor I, a chimera of their antigen-binding fragment with the transmembrane domain of ACE2 or a membrane-bound B cell receptor, indicating that ACE2 and its specific interaction with the spike protein are dispensable for SARS-CoV-2 entry.

Evaluating the ergonomic deficiencies in computer workstations and investigating their correlation with reported musculoskeletal disorders and visual symptoms among computer users in Bangladeshi university.

Unlabelled: Nowadays, computer users are facing musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) and visual symptoms. Prolonged sitting in inappropriate, awkward, and static postures on the computer workstation may cause musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). Similarly, inappropriate placement of monitors, illumination, and other factors such as prolonged usage of computers are related to visual symptoms.

Partial Thermal Condensation Mediated Synthesis of High-Density Nickel Single Atom Sites on Carbon Nitride for Selective Photooxidation of Methane into Methanol.

Direct selective transformation of greenhouse methane (CH) to liquid oxygenates (methanol) can substitute energy-intensive two-step (reforming/Fischer-Tropsch) synthesis while creating environmental benefits. The development of inexpensive, selective, and robust catalysts that enable room temperature conversion will decide the future of this technology. Single-atom catalysts (SACs) with isolated active centers embedded in support have displayed significant promises in catalysis to drive challenging reactions.

Modulating Cation and Water Transports for Enhanced CO Electrolysis via Ionomer Coating.

Electrification of the chemical industry has been considered an enabler for energy transition on a massive scale. In this context, carbon monoxide electroreduction (COR) to produce multi-carbon (C ) products is considered one of the forefront emerging technologies. The key challenge in COR comes from the excessive cation crossover to the cathode via electromigration and water diffusion, which limits CO availability and impedes product selectivity.

Multifunctional carbon nitride nanoarchitectures for catalysis.

Catalysis is at the heart of modern-day chemical and pharmaceutical industries, and there is an urgent demand to develop metal-free, high surface area, and efficient catalysts in a scalable, reproducible and economic manner. Amongst the ever-expanding two-dimensional materials family, carbon nitride (CN) has emerged as the most researched material for catalytic applications due to its unique molecular structure with tunable visible range band gap, surface defects, basic sites, and nitrogen functionalities. These properties also endow it with anchoring capability with a large number of catalytically active sites and provide opportunities for doping, hybridization, sensitization, To make considerable progress in the use of CN as a highly effective catalyst for various applications, it is critical to have an in-depth understanding of its synthesis, structure and surface sites.

A facile synthesis process of GCN/ZnO-Cu nanocomposite and the evaluation of the performance for the photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants and the disinfection of wastewater under visible light.

In this research, graphitic carbon nitride/zinc oxide-copper denoted as GCN/ZnO-Cu nanocomposite photocatalysts were synthesized using a novel facile synthesis process, the co-exfoliation method involving ultrasonic exfoliation of the mixture of GCN and ZnO-Cu in ethanol and then thermal exfoliation. Different characterization techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), mean crystallite size (MCS), BET surface area, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), particle size distribution (PSD), Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), photoluminescence (PL) spectra, and ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-Vis DRS) were conducted to study the crystallinity, morphology, elemental composition, chemical structure, and optoelectronic properties. The band gap was estimated using the UV-Vis DRS results and Tauc plots.

Towards green economy and sustainable development in Bangladesh: assessing the role of social and environmental indicators.

The evolution towards a green economy integrating social, economic, and environmental concerns has opened a new window to pursue the sustainable development goals (SDGs), especially for emerging nations. Nonetheless, despite being a pressing concern on a global scale, empirical research into the potential for green economy development in the context of Bangladesh has remained notably inadequate. To fill this void, this study is an attempt to evaluate the connection among economic growth, carbon dioxide (CO) emissions, education, life expectancy, and technology to conclude the ecological and socio-economic repercussions of a green economy in Bangladesh's framework of achieving SDGs.

Secondhand smoke exposure and associated factors among city residents living in multiunit housing in Bangladesh.

Background: Secondhand smoke (SHS) poses a high health risk to those living in multiunit housing (MUH) since it can easily spread from unit to unit and throughout the building's communal areas. MUH residents in Bangladesh are particularly vulnerable to SHS due to the absence of smoking restrictions within a housing complex. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the prevalence of SHS exposure and its associated factors among MUH residents living in seven divisional cities of Bangladesh- Dhaka, Chattogram, Rajshahi, Khulna, Sylhet, Barishal, and Rangpur.

Cooperative Copper Single-Atom Catalyst in 2D Carbon Nitride for Enhanced CO Electrolysis to Methane.

Renewable-electricity-powered carbon dioxide (CO) reduction (eCOR) to high-value fuels like methane (CH) holds the potential to close the carbon cycle at meaningful scales. However, this kinetically staggered 8-electron multistep reduction suffers from inadequate catalytic efficiency and current density. Atomic Cu-structures can boost eCOR-to-CH selectivity due to enhanced intermediate binding energies (BEs) resulting from favorably shifted d-band centers.