Dietary management of pediatric patients with kidney disease: recommendations by The Korean Society of Pediatric Nephrology and The Korean Society of Clinical Nutrition.

Pediatric kidney disease has a relatively lower prevalence than do other pediatric conditions and has a notably different etiology from kidney diseases observed in adults. Furthermore, the pediatric population is unique in that they experience ongoing growth and development, distinguishing them from adult patients. Consequently, pediatric patients with kidney disease require more specialized and meticulous nutritional management than do adults.

Augmented 3D Printing for Multiscale Microphysiological Systems.

Microphysiological systems (MPS) can recapitulate physiological features of human organs; however, existing engineering techniques are limited to fabricating sophisticated and functional MPS. Although 3D printing offers the potential to enhance the complexity of MPS and simplify the fabrication process, existing 3D-printed MPS suffer from challenges in fabricating multiscale structures spanning nanometers to centimeters. Recent studies suggested that these issues can be addressed by integrating multiscale ancillary techniques into 3D printing.

Fusogenic lipid nanoparticles for rapid delivery of large therapeutic molecules to exosomes.

Exosomes, as cell-derived lipid nanoparticles, are promising drug carriers because they can traverse challenging physiological barriers such as the blood-brain barrier (BBB). However, a major obstacle in utilizing exosomes as drug carriers is loading large therapeutic molecules without compromising the structural integrity of embedded biomolecules. Here, we introduce a membrane fusion method utilizing fusogenic lipid nanoparticles, cubosomes, to load large molecules into exosomes in a non-destructive manner.

A Comparison of Pragmatic and Scalable Strategies to Assess Fidelity to Cognitive Processing Therapy in Routine Care Settings.

Fidelity monitoring is crucial for successful implementation of evidence-based practices, but traditional methods such as observation and video recording are impractical for routine mental health care due to their high resource demands. A reliable, low-burden fidelity (adherence and competence) assessment can support the implementation of cognitive behavioral therapies (CBTs). This study evaluated two pragmatic alternatives to the time and cost-intensive "gold standard" observer ratings based on session recordings to assess fidelity in Cognitive Processing Therapy (CPT).

Generalized Taylor expansion of the waveguide invariant for a homogenous waveguide with variable bathymetry (L).

In a weakly range-dependent waveguide with variable bathymetry, range estimation using the adaptive array invariant incorporated the waveguide invariant β via an eighth-order Taylor expansion [Byun, Song, and Cho, J. Acoust. Soc.

Emerging Trends and Innovations in Radiologic Diagnosis of Thoracic Diseases.

Over the past decade, Investigative Radiology has published numerous studies that have fundamentally advanced the field of thoracic imaging. This review summarizes key developments in imaging modalities, computational tools, and clinical applications, highlighting major breakthroughs in thoracic diseases-lung cancer, pulmonary nodules, interstitial lung disease (ILD), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), COVID-19 pneumonia, and pulmonary embolism-and outlining future directions.Artificial intelligence (AI)-driven computer-aided detection systems and radiomic analyses have notably improved the detection and classification of pulmonary nodules, while photon-counting detector CT (PCD-CT) and low-field MRI offer enhanced resolution or radiation-free strategies.

Study on the Status of Gamete Freezing and Reproductive Health of Korean Adults Aged 19-49 Years.

Background: With advances in biomedical technology and social changes, such as a high rate of late marriages, the interest in gamete freezing is increasing. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the status of gamete freezing and reproductive health of adult Koreans aged 19-49 years using data from the 2021 National Family and Fertility survey.

Method: The SPSS program was used to analyze the data using descriptive statistics, Fisher's Exact -value, and the -test.

Dual-Cys bacteriophytochromes: intermediates in cyanobacterial phytochrome evolution?

Previous studies have identified three families of knotted phytochrome photoreceptors in cyanobacteria. We describe a fourth type: 'hybrid' phytochromes with putative bilin-binding cysteine residues in both their N-terminal 'knot' extensions and cGMP-phosphodiesterase/adenylate cyclase/FhlA (GAF) domains, which we designate as dual-cysteine bacteriophytochromes (DCBs). Recombinant expression of DCBs in Escherichia coli yields photoactive phycocyanobilin (PCB) adducts with red/far-red photocycles similar to those of the GAF-Cys-containing cyanobacterial phytochromes (Cph1s).

Optimizing prone CT use for suspected interstitial lung abnormalities.

Objectives: We investigated whether supine chest CT alone suffices for diagnosing ILAs, thereby reducing the need for prone chest CT.

Materials And Methods: Patients who underwent prone chest CT for suspected ILAs from January 2021 to July 2023, with matching supine CT within 1 year, were retrospectively evaluated. Five multinational thoracic radiologists independently rated ILA suspicion and fibrosis scores (1 to 5-point) and ILA extent (1-100%) using supine CT first, then combined supine-prone CT after a 1-month washout.

A comparison of scalable routine clinical materials and observer ratings to assess CBT fidelity.

Decades of research have demonstrated the efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapies (CBTs) for a wide variety of psychiatric diagnoses, resulting in the inclusion of CBT as a first-line evidence-based practice (EBP) in treatment guidelines for mood and anxiety disorders. However, some research suggests that many providers do not implement EBPs as intended. Ongoing quality monitoring is needed to support EBP implementation and sustainability, but "gold standard" fidelity monitoring (e.

Integrating habit science and learning theory to promote maintenance of behavior change: does adding text messages to a habit-based sleep health intervention (HABITs) improve outcomes for eveningness chronotype young adults? Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Eveningness chronotype-the tendency for later sleep and wake times-arises from a confluence of psychosocial, behavioral, and biological factors. With the onset and progression of puberty, many young people develop an eveningness chronotype, which remains prevalent through the transition into adulthood. Eveningness has been associated with increased risk for poorer health.

Nutritional Management for Chronic Kidney Disease Undergoing Bariatric Surgery: A Case Report.

Nutrition support is an essential aspect of treatment after bariatric surgery (BS). A high-protein diet with an intake of up to 1.5 g/kg of ideal body weight (IBW) per day is recommended to minimize loss of lean body mass after BS.

Lifelog-based daily step counts, walking speed, and metabolically healthy status.

Objective: Optimal metabolically healthy status is important to prevent various chronic diseases. This study investigated the association between lifelog-derived physical activity and metabolically healthy status.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 51 Korean adults aged 30-40 years with no history of chronic diseases.

MRI Scoring Systems for Predicting Isocitrate Dehydrogenase Mutation and Chromosome 1p/19q Codeletion in Adult-type Diffuse Glioma Lacking Contrast Enhancement.

Background According to 2021 World Health Organization criteria, adult-type diffuse gliomas include glioblastoma, isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)-wildtype; oligodendroglioma, IDH-mutant and 1p/19q-codeleted; and astrocytoma, IDH-mutant, even when contrast enhancement is lacking. Purpose To develop and validate simple scoring systems for predicting IDH and subsequent 1p/19q codeletion status in gliomas without contrast enhancement using standard clinical MRI sequences. Materials and Methods This retrospective study included adult-type diffuse gliomas lacking contrast at contrast-enhanced MRI from two tertiary referral hospitals between January 2012 and April 2022 with diagnoses confirmed at pathology.

Interpersonal sensitivity predicts slower change and less change in anxiety symptoms in cognitive behavioural therapy.

Objectives: Patients in cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) who are high in interpersonal sensitivity may have difficulty fully engaging in treatment because therapy sessions require intimate interpersonal interactions that are especially uncomfortable for these individuals. The current study tests the hypotheses that patients who are high in interpersonal sensitivity benefit less from CBT for symptoms of depression and anxiety, show a slower rate of change in those symptoms, and are more likely to drop out of treatment.

Methods: Participants were 832 outpatients who received naturalistic CBT.

HER3 overexpression: a predictive marker for poor prognosis in advanced ALK-positive non-small cell lung cancer treated with ALK inhibitors.

Background: Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) improve patient survival; however, some patients develop ALK-TKI resistance with unidentified mechanisms. We investigated ErbB family and c-MET expression in patients with ALK-positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) to understand their roles in the ALK-TKI response.

Methods: We studied 72 patients with advanced ALK-positive NSCLC with fusion variant subtyping and immunostaining for c-MET, EGFR, HER2, and HER3 on tissue specimens both pre- (primary) and post-treatment (secondary) with ALK-TKI.

c-MET-positive circulating tumor cells and cell-free DNA as independent prognostic factors in hormone receptor-positive/HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer.

Background: Endocrine therapy resistance in hormone receptor-positive/HER2-negative (HR+/HER2-) breast cancer (BC) is a significant clinical challenge that poses several unmet needs in the management of the disease. This study aimed to investigate the prognostic value of c-MET-positive circulating tumor cells (cMET+ CTCs), ESR1/PIK3CA mutations, and cell-free DNA (cfDNA) concentrations in patients with hormone receptor-positive (HR+) metastatic breast cancer (mBC).

Methods: Ninety-seven patients with HR+ mBC were prospectively enrolled during standard treatment at Samsung Medical Center.

Development of polysaccharide-complexed nano-sized rice protein dispersion.

The objective of this study was to improve water solubility of the rice protein (RP) by forming complexes with anionic polysaccharides, such as sodium alginate (SA) and xanthan gum (XG). In addition, utilization of the RP complexes as an emulsifier was evaluated. The prepared RP-SA or RP-XG complexes were analyzed by measuring their particle size, ζ-potential, and water solubility as well as by confocal laser scanning microscopy.

Understanding organotropism in cancer metastasis using microphysiological systems.

Cancer metastasis, the leading cause of cancer-related deaths, remains a complex challenge in medical science. Stephen Paget's "seed and soil theory" introduced the concept of organotropism, suggesting that metastatic success depends on specific organ microenvironments. Understanding organotropism not only offers potential for curbing metastasis but also novel treatment strategies.