Host-microbe synergy in pesticide resilience: Rhodococcus-driven fitness compensation in chlorpyrifos-stressed Binodoxys communis.

Chlorpyrifos (CPF), a widely used organophosphate insecticide in cotton cultivation for controlling Aphis gossypii, has Binodoxys communis as the primary parasitic natural enemy of A. gossypii. This study evaluated the impact of two sub-lethal CPF concentrations (LC10 and LC30) on key biological parameters across two generations, transcriptomic responses, and symbiotic bacterial communities in B.

Stage-specific metabolic allocation: nutrient investment strategies during Ashmead development.

Introduction: Parasitic wasps are key biological control agents that rely on precise nutrient allocation to regulate host exploitation and optimize their own development. Nutrients, particularly lipids and energy-related metabolites, play a critical role in shaping stage-specific growth and survival strategies in parasitic wasps.

Methods: To analyze the allocation patterns of metabolite resources during development of parasitoid wasps, the multi-omics analysis was employed to systematically investigate nutrient dynamics across three growth periods in Ashmead, a major parasitoid of cotton aphid ( Glover).

Open Challenges and Opportunities in Piezoelectricity for Tissue Regeneration.

Emerging piezoelectric biomaterials have demonstrated their huge potential in diverse medical applications, including ultrasound diagnosis and tissue regeneration. Human body possesses inherent piezoelectricity, producing electrical signal under endogenous load or external pressure to modulate cellular behaviors. Tissue defects caused by traumatic injury will disrupt the electrophysiological microenvironment of the injured area, resulting in unenviable self-healing.

The Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Zucchini-Induced Changes in the Host Adaptation of Cotton- and Cucumber-Type .

The polyphagous aphid exhibits host-specific biotypes, notably the cotton (Hap1) and cucumber (Hap3) types. While both can adapt to new hosts via zucchini induction, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Our investigation revealed that both Hap1 and Hap3 underwent significant body size enlargement following host transfer to zucchini.

Reproduction and Wing Differentiation of Gynoparae Are Regulated by Juvenile Hormone Signaling in .

Gynopara is a specific winged type in the life history of . As a key reproduction mode between parthenogenesis and sexual reproduction, it lays sexual females in late autumn. However, little is known about gynoparae because of its rare presence in the wild and the lack of its detailed descriptions.

Infection Affects the Growth and Development of by Disrupting Energy Metabolism and Reproductive Processes.

For instance, is involved in numerous life processes of and exerts a significant influence on its physiological indicators. The results demonstrate that infection disturbs the normal growth and development of , resulting in a substantial reduction in the number of offspring. Compared with the uninfected control group, the innate rate of increase and the endogenous growth rate are markedly lower.

Potential Mechanisms Underlying the Minimal Impact of Cry1Ab1 Protein on .

Transgenic crops have been commercially cultivated for nearly three decades, leading to increasing concerns about their environmental safety, particularly their effects on non-target organisms. This study investigated the underlying mechanisms behind the lack of impact of the Cry1Ab1 protein on the . The Cry1Ab1 protein showed no significant impact on the survival and development of .

Enrichment of Rearing Conditions of the Spider Pardosa astrigera (Araneae: Lycosidae).

Pardosa astrigera is a species of spider that plays an important role in controlling crops pests but is at risk due to human agricultural practices. To optimize laboratory rearing, we developed specialized diets and rearing containers for both mother spiders and spiderlings. The maximum survival to adulthood was achieved with a diet of Drosophila melanogaster, Acyrthosiphon pisum and Aphis gossypii.

High-Sensitivity ZnS:Cu Piezoresistive Sensor for Underwater Visual Sensing.

In recent years, flexible wearable sensors have been used for human motion monitoring and human-computer interaction, but designing a sensitive, multifunctional composite sensor adaptable to complex scenarios remains challenging. In this work, we developed a multifunctional composite sensor in a multilayer design by combining highly conductive multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and graphite (GP) with nanoluminescent materials ZnS:Cu to achieve visual feedback and signal detection. Through material optimization, we developed a sensor with stable luminescence (I = 90%I) and high sensitivity (GF = 13.

Spatiotemporal dissipation, metabolic dynamics and bumblebees' toxicity risk of the neonicotinoid insecticide thiacloprid in greenhouse conditions.

Some neonicotinoids have been restricted in outdoor environments due to their risks to pollinating insects, yet their safety for non-target organisms in greenhouses is still unknown. This study investigates the deposition, degradation, and metabolic dynamics of thiacloprid on greenhouse-grown tomato and assesses its toxicity risk to pollinating bumblebees from spatial and temporal perspectives. Spatially, thiacloprid initially concentrated in leaves (71 %) and flowers (23 %), with deposition in the upper plant being 1.

Identification of UDP-glucosyltransferase involved in the biosynthesis of phloridzin in Gossypium hirsutum.

Phloridzin has various functions, including antioxidant properties and the treatment of diabetes, and has long been used in pharmaceutical and physiological research. The glycosylation of phloretin is a key step in the biosynthesis of phloridzin. In this study, a genome-wide association study (GWAS) based on phloridzin content was applied, and the key gene GhUGT88F3 for phloridzin-specific biosynthesis was identified in cotton.

The Cry2Aa protein is not enough to pose a threat to Pardosa astrigera.

The widespread commercialization of genetically modified (GM) crops makes it important to assess the potential impact of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) on non-target organisms. Pardosa astrigera is an important predator in agroforestry ecosystems, and female and male spiders may react differently to Bt toxins due to their different activity habits and nutritional requirements. In this study, we found that exposure to Cry2Aa protein did not affect the survival and body weight of P.

Symbiotic microbial population composition of under temperature and pesticide pressures.

Insect population control using pesticides faces new challenges as global temperatures change. Symbiotic bacteria of insects play a key role in insect resistance to pesticides, and these symbiotic bacteria themselves are sensitive to the effects of temperature changes. , a sucking pest, survives in a wide range of temperatures (15°C-35°C), and is presently controlled predominantly using the pesticide imidacloprid.

AgoArmet and AgoC002: key effector proteins in cotton aphids host adaptation.

Aphids are insects that feed on phloem and introduce effector proteins into plant cells through saliva. These effector proteins are key in regulating host plant defense and enhancing aphid host adaptation. We identified these salivary proteins in the cotton aphids genome and named them AgoArmet and AgoC002.

Worldwide used bio-insecticides Cry1Ac toxin has no detrimental effects on Episyrphus balteatus but alter the symbiotic microbial communities.

Hoverflies, capable of abilities providing dual ecosystem services including pest control and pollination, are exposed to insecticidal proteins from transgenic plants via pollen and prey aphids. However, the effects of such exposures on hoverflies have never been adequately assessed. Here, we investigated impacts of the most widely used biotoxin Cry1Ac on a representative hoverfly species Episyrphus balteatus through food chain transmission and active toxin exposure.

Life table analysis and RNA-Seq reveal hormesis and transgenerational effects of deltamethrin on Aphis gossypii.

Background: Deltamethrin, as a highly effective and broad-spectrum insecticide, has been widely used for agricultural pest control such as Aphis gossypii worldwide. Increasing evidence has shown that despite great economic benefits brought by it, deltamethrin has also non-negligible side effects. However, the potential risks and related molecular mechanisms remain largely unclear.

Effects of developmental stages, sex difference, and diet types of the host marmalade hoverfly ( on symbiotic bacteria.

Introduction: Symbiotic bacteria play key roles in a variety of important life processes of insects such as development, reproduction and environmental adaptation, and the elucidation of symbiont population structure and dynamics is crucial for revealing the underlying regulatory mechanisms. The marmalade hoverfly () is not only a remarkable aphid predator, but also a worldwide pollinator second to honeybees. However, its symbiont composition and dynamics remain unclear.

Chromosome-level genome assembly of cotton thrips Thrips tabaci (Thysanoptera: Thripidae).

Cotton thrip, Thrips tabaci is a major polyphagous pest widely distributed on a variety of crops around the world, causing huge economic losses to agricultural production. Due to its biological and genomic characteristics, this pest can reproduce quickly and develop resistance to various pesticides in a very short time. However, the lack of high-quality reference genomes has hindered deeper gene function exploration and slows down the development of new management strategies.

Chromosome-level genome assembly of marmalade hoverfly Episyrphus balteatus (Diptera: Syrphidae).

Episyrphus balteatus can provide dual ecosystem services including pest control and pollination, which the larvae are excellent predators of aphid pest whereas adults are efficient pollinator. In this study, we assembled a high-quality genome of E. balteatus from northern China geographical population at the chromosome level by using Illumina, PacBio long reads, and Hi-C technologies.

Integrated Omics Analysis Reveals Key Pathways in Cotton Defense against Mirid Bug ( Jakovlev) Feeding.

The recent dominance of Jakovlev as the primary cotton field pest in Bt-cotton-cultivated areas has generated significant interest in cotton pest control research. This study addresses the limited understanding of cotton defense mechanisms triggered by feeding. Utilizing LC-QTOF-MS, we analyzed cotton metabolomic changes induced by , and identified 496 differential positive ions (374 upregulated, 122 downregulated) across 11 categories, such as terpenoids, alkaloids, phenylpropanoids, flavonoids, isoflavones, etc.

Sublethal acetamiprid affects reproduction, development and disrupts gene expression in Binodoxys communis.

At present, understanding of neonicotinoid toxicity in arthropods remains limited. We here evaluated the lethal and sublethal effects of acetamiprid in F and F generations of Binodoxys communis using a range of sublethal concentrations. The 10% lethal concentration (LC) and half lethal concentration (LC) of ACE had negative effects on the B.

Thripidae pest species community identification and population genetic diversity analyses of 2 dominant thrips in cotton fields of China.

Thrips are devastating pests for various crops, and they can rasp tender leaves, terminal buds, and flowers, which specifically causing huge economic losses to cotton production. However, there is very little knowledge about the species composition of thrips in mainland China, as well as the genetic structure of the thrips populations, particularly in the cotton-producing regions. In this study, thrips were collected from 40 geographical locations at 8 different provinces which representing majority cotton-producing belts in China, and mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I sequence was used to identify species composition and evaluate the genetic diversity of collected thrips individuals.