Hepcidin/HIF-1α is involved in the endogenous recovery and ferroptosis after cerebral ischemia in mice.

It is common to witness a spontaneous endogenous recovery process with the potential mechanisms involving the remyelination, nerve regeneration, and synaptic plasticity, which might be vital for the neurological rehabilitation after cerebral ischemic stroke. Iron homeostasis is considered to be crucial for myelination and neuronal metabolic processes, and Hepcidin is an important factor in regulating iron homeostasis and ferroptosis. Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) is an important hypoxia tolerance factor and can regulate cell survival in hypoxia environment, which is critical to regulate iron homeostasis as well.

Positively charged chitosan-dissolving microneedles promote follicular accumulation of finasteride nanocrystals to treat androgenetic alopecia.

An imbalance of androgens and changes in the follicular microenvironment are the hallmarks of androgenetic alopecia (AGA), a complex disorder that causes follicular shrinkage and progressive hair loss. Although the main goal of finasteride (FIN) monotherapy is androgen control, it has systemic drawbacks such as psychiatric side effects and sexual dysfunction. FIN nanocrystals (NCs) stabilized by cationic chitosan (CS) were added to dissolving microneedles (MNs) to improve follicle targeting while reducing systemic exposure.

Biodegradable hollow MnO decorated by carbon dots with cholesterol depletion capability for cascaded amplification of sono-immunotherapy.

For the effective activation of the adaptive immune response, it is crucial to promote the maturation of dendritic cells (DCs) and subsequently initiate cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Nevertheless, the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironments (TME) are believed to hinder DC maturation, leading to a significant decrease in the effectiveness of immunotherapy. In this work, we present the first instance of combining ROS-triggered immunogenic cell death (ICD), cholesterol depletion, and STING activation to achieve the cascade amplification of antitumor immune response.

Multi-scale structure provides new insights into the physicochemical and digestive behaviors of kiwifruit (Actinidia spp.) starch obtained from defective hard fruits.

The anti-digestive mechanism of kiwifruit starch obtained from defective hard fruits was explored from multi-scale structural perspective. The results indicated that kiwifruit starch belonged to small-granule B-type starch, characterized by stable semi-crystalline structure with hilum at the geometric center and relatively indistinct growth rings. Compared with commercial wheat and potato starch, it contained higher proportion of long-chain amylopectin, had higher protein and resistant starch content (63.

Cold atmospheric plasma in drug delivery and skin treatment.

This is a review of the application of an emerging technology in drug delivery and skin treatment - cold atmospheric pressure plasma (CAP). It can be used to modify the polymer surface by introducing functional groups that enhance hydrophilicity and biocompatibility, improve skin permeability through fatty acid oxidation and electroporation, and enhance the antibacterial ability of antibiotics, and it can be synergistically delivered with nanoparticles to regulate cytokines and growth factors, reduce inflammation, and promote cell proliferation, thereby facilitating local drug delivery, wound healing, and the treatment of skin diseases. CAP is a multipurpose technology that offers great potential for personalized medicine and advanced therapeutic applications.

Identification of differentially co-expressed genes with lipid metabolism in Parkinson's disease by bioinformatics analysis.

There was increasing evidence that lipid metabolism disorders played a significant part in the maturation of Parkinson's disease (PD). The purpose of the article was to investigate a significance of lipid metabolism-related genes (LMRGs) in the maturation of PD. The function of LMRGs in the etiology of PD was explored by analysing PD datasets from Gene Expression Omnibus.

Cellulose-based molecularly imprinted core-shell microspheres with dual environment responsiveness for specific recognition and enrichment of paclitaxel.

Paclitaxel (PTX), a natural diterpene alkaloid with potent anticancer activity, has been a focus of global research due to its complex structure, significant biological effects, unique mechanism of action, and limited natural availability. In this study, cellulose was used as the raw material to synthesize functionalized pH-responsive modified cellulose porous hydrogel microspheres (MCC/SA/MA-POSS-PTX) via inverse suspension polymerization, using sodium alginate (SA) as the pH-responsive material. Based on this using PTX as the template molecule, 4-VP as the functional monomer, N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM) as the thermosensitive monomer, cellulose-based PTX molecularly imprinted hydrogel microspheres (CDLMIHM-PTX) with dual pH and temperature responsiveness were prepared.

Preparation and properties of raspberry functional chewable tablets.

Raspberry possesses several health benefits such as antitumor, antioxidant, and blood sugar-regulating activities. In order to improve the use value of raspberries, the optimal preparation process of raspberry chewable tablets (RCT) and its physical, chemical, antioxidant, and hypoglycemic properties were investigated in this research. The optimum formulation of RCT was determined as 39.

Genetic diversity and dietary adaptations of the Central Plains Han Chinese population in East Asia.

The Central Plains Han Chinese (CPHC) is the typical agricultural population of East Asia. Investigating the genome of the CPHC is crucial to understanding the genetic structure and adaptation of the modern humans in East Asia. Here, we perform whole genome sequencing of 492 CPHC individuals and obtained 22.

Regulating the metabolic flux of pyruvate dehydrogenase bypass to enhance lipid production in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

To achieve high efficiency in microbial cell factories, it is crucial to redesign central carbon fluxes to ensure an adequate supply of precursors for producing high-value compounds. In this study, we employed a multi-omics approach to rearrange the central carbon flux of the pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) bypass, thereby enhancing the supply of intermediate precursors, specifically acetyl-CoA. This enhancement aimed to improve the biosynthesis of acetyl-CoA-derived compounds, such as terpenoids and fatty acid-derived molecules, in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Ni-P-PTFE cathode with low surface energy for enhancing electrochemical water softening performance.

Efficient cathode regeneration is a significant challenge in the electrochemical water softening process. This work explores the use of an electroless plating Ni-P-PTFE electrode with low surface energy for this purpose. The Ni-P-PTFE electrode demonstrates improved self-cleaning performance at high current densities.

Improvement of Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain tolerance to vanillin through heavy ion radiation combined with adaptive laboratory evolution.

Vanillin is an inhibitor of lignocellulose hydrolysate, which can reduce the ability of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to utilize lignocellulose, which is an important factor limiting the development of the ethanol fermentation industry. In this study, mutants of vanillin-tolerant yeast named H6, H7, X3, and X8 were bred by heavy ion irradiation (HIR) combined with adaptive laboratory evolution (ALE). Phenotypic tests revealed that the mutants outperformed the original strain WT in tolerance, growth rate, genetic stability and fermentation ability.

Hyaluronidase overcomes the extracellular matrix barrier to enhance local drug delivery.

The stratum corneum of the skin presents the initial barrier to transdermal penetration. The dense structure of the extracellular matrix (ECM) further impedes local drug dispersion. Hyaluronidase (HAase) is a key component for the degradation of glycosidic bonding sites in hyaluronic acid (HA) within the ECM to overcome this barrier and enhance drug dispersion.

Furfural tolerance of mutant Saccharomyces cerevisiae selected via ionizing radiation combined with adaptive laboratory evolution.

Background: Lignocellulose is a renewable and sustainable resource used to produce second-generation biofuel ethanol to cope with the resource and energy crisis. Furfural is the most toxic inhibitor of Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells produced during lignocellulose treatment, and can reduce the ability of S. cerevisiae to utilize lignocellulose, resulting in low bioethanol yield.

Oncogenic transcription factors instruct promoter-enhancer hubs in individual triple negative breast cancer cells.

Sequencing-based mapping of ensemble pairwise interactions among regulatory elements support the existence of topological assemblies known as promoter-enhancer hubs or cliques in cancer. Yet, prevalence, regulators, and functions of promoter-enhancer hubs in individual cancer cells remain unclear. Here, we systematically integrated functional genomics, transcription factor screening, and optical mapping of promoter-enhancer interactions to identify key promoter-enhancer hubs, examine heterogeneity of their assembly, determine their regulators, and elucidate their role in gene expression control in individual triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells.

Application of adaptive chaotic dung beetle optimization algorithm to near-infrared spectral model transfer.

A new transfer approach was proposed to share calibration models of the hexamethylenetetramine-acetic acid solution for studying hexamethylenetetramine concentration values across different near-infrared (NIR) spectrometers. This approach combines Savitzky-Golay first derivative (S_G_1) and orthogonal signal correction (OSC) preprocessing, along with feature variable optimization using an adaptive chaotic dung beetle optimization (ACDBO) algorithm. The ACDBO algorithm employs tent chaotic mapping and a nonlinear decreasing strategy, enhancing the balance between global and local search capabilities and increasing population diversity to address limitations observed in traditional dung beetle optimization (DBO).

Bacteriophage protein Dap1 regulates evasion of antiphage immunity and Pseudomonas aeruginosa virulence impacting phage therapy in mice.

Bacteriophages have evolved diverse strategies to overcome host defence mechanisms and to redirect host metabolism to ensure successful propagation. Here we identify a phage protein named Dap1 from Pseudomonas aeruginosa phage PaoP5 that both modulates bacterial host behaviour and contributes to phage fitness. We show that expression of Dap1 in P.

Integration of food raw materials, food microbiology, and food additives: systematic research and comprehensive insights into sweet sorghum juice, TGL-A236 and bio-butyric acid.

Introduction: Sweet sorghum juice is a typical production feedstock for natural, eco-friendly sweeteners and beverages. is one of the widely used microorganisms in the food industry, and its principal product, bio-butyric acid is an important food additive. There are no published reports of producing butyric acid using SSJ as the sole substrate without adding exogenous substances, which could reach a food-additive grade.

Functionalized nano cellulose double-template imprinted aerogel microsphere for the targeted enrichment of taxanes.

Paclitaxel, a diterpenoid isolated from the bark of Taxus wallichiana var. chinensis (Pilger) Florin, is currently showing significant therapeutic effects against a variety of cancers. Baccatin III (Bac) and 10-Deacetylbaccatin III (10-DAB) are in great demand as important precursors for the synthesis of paclitaxel.

CRISPR/Cas12a and aptamer-chemiluminescence based analysis for the relative abundance determination of tumor-related protein positive exosomes for breast cancer diagnosis.

Exosomes, as novel biomarker for liquid biopsy, exhibit huge important potential value for cancer diagnosis. However, various proteins show different expression levels on exosomal membrane, and the absolute concentration of exosomes in clinical samples is easily influenced by a number of factors. Here, we developed a CRISPR/Cas12a and aptamer-chemiluminescence based analysis (CACBA) for the relative abundance determination of tumor-related protein positive exosomes in plasma for breast cancer diagnosis.

Weak Value Amplification-Based Biochip for Highly Sensitive Detection and Identification of Breast Cancer Exosomes.

Exosomes constitute an emerging biomarker for cancer diagnosis because they carry multiple proteins that reflect the origins of the parent cell. The highly sensitive detection of exosomes is a crucial prerequisite for the diagnosis of cancer. In this study, we report an exosome detection system based on quantum weak value amplification (WVA).

Physiological and biochemical characteristics of the carbon ion beam irradiation-generated mutant strain Clostridium butyricum FZM 240 in vitro and in vivo.

Clostridium butyricum (C. butyricum) represents a new generation of probiotics, which is beneficial because of its good tolerance and ability to produce beneficial metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids and enzymes; however, its low enzyme activity limits its probiotic efficacy. In this study, a mutant strain, C.

Investigating the Mechanism of Chinese Medicine Formula AACO Against Chronic Heart Failure by Network Pharmacology Analysis and Experimental Validation.

Background: A traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula, containing Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bunge, Aconitum wilsonii Stapf ex Veitch, Curcuma longa L., and Radix ophiopogonis (AACO), has therapeutic value for the treatment of chronic heart failure (CHF).

Ischemic stroke as an initial performance of polycythemia vera in young adults: A case report and literature review.

Introduction: As the second leading cause of death and disability worldwide, stroke is mainly caused by atherosclerosis and cardiac embolism, particularly in older individuals. Nevertheless, in young and otherwise healthy individuals, the causes of stroke can be more diverse and may include conditions such as patent foramen ovale, vasculitis, coagulopathies, genetic factors, or other undetermined causes. Although these other causes of stroke account for a relatively small proportion compared to ischemic stroke, they are becoming increasingly common in clinical practice and deserve attention.