Dietary Carnosic Acid Supplementation Improves the Growth Performance, the Antioxidant Status, and Diversity of Intestinal Microbiota in Broilers.

Carnosic acid (CA), a natural phenolic terpenoid compound, is widely distributed in plants such as sage and rosemary, and exhibits a strong antioxidant capacity. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different levels of CA on growth performance, antioxidant capacity, and intestinal health of yellow-feathered broilers, and then to determine the optimal dose of CA to promote sustainable broiler production. A total of 384 1-day-old yellow-feathered broilers were randomly allocated into six treatment groups with eight replicates per group and eight birds per replicate pen.

Fertility intentions among Chinese adults: a cross-sectional study using a national survey.

Background: The decline in fertility intentions has emerged as a critical demographic and policy challenge within China, particularly in light of the introduction of the three-child policy. This situation necessitates a thorough examination of the multiple underlying factors that contribute to individuals' decisions regarding family size. By analyzing these diverse influences, policymakers and stakeholders will be better equipped to design effective interventions aimed at addressing this urgent issue.

Identification and validation of a prognostic signature of mC-related genes for esophageal cancer.

Background: Esophageal cancer (ESCA) is one of the most common malignancies, and has a poor prognosis. The role of 5-methylcytosine (mC) regulators has been linked to carcinogenesis in a number of cancers. However, the role of mC regulators in ESCA is unclear.

Comparative analysis of physicochemical properties and volatile flavor compounds of a novel brown soy yogurt prepared via Maillard browning reaction.

This study aimed to develop a low-beany Maillard brown soy yogurt (MBSY) and compare its physicochemical properties and flavor with non-Maillard soy yogurt, commercial soy yogurt, and commercial brown yogurt. Response surface optimization determined key process parameters for MBSY: glucose addition of 7.87%, glycine addition of 1.

UPLC-Q-TOF-MS based investigation into the bioactive compounds and molecular mechanisms of Qishen Huanwu capsule attenuates anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity.

Background: Cardiotoxicity is a prevalent side effect linked to anthracyclines, a class of chemotherapy drugs, that frequently leads to the discontinuation of anthracycline-based treatments among cancer patients. Thus, there is a pressing need to mitigate and prevent these cardiotoxic effects. Mounting evidence suggests that Traditional Chinese Medicine may alleviate the toxic side effects of chemotherapy agents.

Two new protoflavonoids from and their cytotoxicity against human gastric cancer cells.

Two novel protoflavonoids, namely 1'-2',3'-dihydroprotoapigenone () and 1'(), 4'()-2',3'-dihydroprotoapigenin-4'----glucoside (), were successfully isolated from Hedw. The planar structures were clarified integrated spectroscopic analysis including 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance. Absolute stereochemistry of compound was definitively assigned utilising calculated electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra and optical rotation (OR) data.

Discrimination of Rhizoma Paridis and its Adulterants by FT-IR and HPLC Fingerprint Combined With Chemometrics.

Background: Rhizoma Paridis (RP) is economically significant but identifies complex traditional medicine materials, which can be accidentally contaminated, deliberately substituted, or admixed with other species of similar morphological characteristics. This issue can affect quality and safety issues.

Objective: In this study, the screening technique to detect adulteration in RP was developed using multiple fingerprints and chemometrics.

Depressive Disorder Affects TME and Hormonal Changes Promoting Tumour Deterioration Development.

Cancer patients often suffer from depression, the presence of which promotes the deterioration of the cancer patient's condition and thus affects the patient's survival. However, the exact mechanisms underlying the relationship between depression and tumour progression remain unclear, and this complexity involves multi-system and multi-level interactions, with several key challenges remaining in current research. First, the extreme complexity of biological systems.

Toward Practical All-Solid-State Batteries: Current Status of Functional Binders.

All-solid-state batteries (ASSBs) are promising candidates for next-generation energy storage devices due to their high energy density and enhanced safety. Binder plays an irreplaceable role in stabilizing the electrode structure, enhancing carrier transport and modulating solid electrolyte interfaces by connecting each component of the electrode. The development of functional binders is seen as a key strategy to achieve higher energy densities of ASSBs.

A comprehensive analysis of -related genetic risk in Alzheimer's disease.

Despite some research into the correlation between microtubule associated protein tau () rs2471738 and the risk of AD, the findings remain inconclusive. The aim of this study was to explore the association between rs2471738 and the susceptibility to AD, as well as potential molecular mechanisms involved. We conducted a comprehensive literature search on Embase, Medline, and Web of Science to investigate the relationship between rs2471738 and the risk of AD.

Mapping the chromothripsis landscape in urothelial carcinoma unravels great intratumoral and intertumoral heterogeneity.

Chromothripsis, a hallmark of cancer, is characterized by extensive and localized DNA rearrangements involving one or a few chromosomes. However, its genome-wide frequency and characteristics in urothelial carcinoma (UC) remain largely unknown. Here, by analyzing single-regional and multi-regional whole-genome sequencing (WGS), we present the chromothripsis blueprint in 488 UC patients.

Mechanism analysis for the differences in multi-level structure, enzyme accessibility and pasting properties of starch granules caused by different hydrolysis pathways of maltogenic α-amylase.

The effect of pores distribution on the multi-scale structure, enzyme accessibility, and pasting properties of the waxy maize starch granules with the same degree of hydrolysis were examined. Increased maltogenic α-amylase (MA) dosage obviously increased the shallow pores number and the roughness, whereas extended time increased the holes depth. Despite achieving the same hydrolysis degree and specific surface area, samples with numerous shallow holes exhibited a higher mass fractal dimension, a lower, peak viscosity, final viscosity and setback.

Study protocol: A national cross-sectional study on psychology and behavior investigation of Chinese residents in 2023.

Introduction: This study protocol specifies the primary research line and theoretical framework of the 2023 Survey of the Psychology and Behavior of the Chinese Population. It aims to establish a consistent database of Chinese residents' psychological and behavioral surveys through multi-center and large-sample cross-sectional surveys to provide robust data support for developing research in related fields. It will track the public's physical and psychological health more comprehensively and systematically.

Prediction of mortality in hemodialysis patients based on autoencoders.

Background: Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) undergoing hemodialysis (HD) exhibit a high mortality risk, particularly at the onset of treatment. Conventional risk assessment models, dependent on extensive temporal data accumulation, frequently encounter issues of data incompleteness and lengthy collection periods.

Objective: This study addresses the imbalance in short-term HD data and the issue of missing data features, achieving a robust assessment of mortality risk for HD patients over the subsequent 30 to 450 days.

Transcriptomic and proteomic analysis of the jejunum revealed the effects and mechanism of protocatechuic acid on alleviating Salmonella typhimurium infection in chickens.

Salmonella typhimurium is a common cause of gastroenteritis, which infects animals and human. Protocatechuic acid has anti-inflammatory, immunoregulatory and anti-pathogenic effects, and is expected to be an effective choice for alleviating Salmonella infection and intestinal injury. A total of 180 1-d female, yellow-feathered chickens were randomly allocated into 3 treatment groups, the controls (Ctr), the Salmonella-challenged treatment (Sal) and the protocatechuic acid treatment (PA).

Therapeutic Potential of Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Liver Injury.

Liver injury caused by various factors significantly impacts human health. Stem cell transplantation has potential for enhancing liver functionality, but safety concerns such as immune rejection, tumorigenesis, and the formation of emboli in the lungs remain. Recent studies have shown that stem cells primarily exert their effects through the secretion of extracellular vesicles (EVs).

Investigating the Core Structure of Reuteran with High-Content Linear (α1 → 6) Linkages Synthesized by L24-B GtfB-Type Glucanotransferase.

Reuteran is a functional homopolysaccharide comprising major (α1 → 4) and interspersed (α1 → 6) linkages whose properties and functions are directly associated with the structure. In order to enrich the structural variety and application prospects of reuteran, a GtfB-type 4,6-α-glucanotransferase from L24-B (LmGtfB), which can synthesize reuteran with high-content linear (α1 → 6) linkages, was screened. LmGtfB exhibited 4,6-α-glucanotransferase activity against starch or dextrin and can synthesize both linear and branching (α1 → 6) linkages, which offered advantages in terms of source and cost.

Insulin Resistance-Nutritional Index: A Simple Index and Potential Predictor of Mortality Risk in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure and Type 2 Diabetes.

Background: Patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) are prone to insulin resistance and malnutrition, both of which are significant prognostic factors for CHF. However, the combined effect of the triglyceride-glucose index (TyG index) and prognostic nutritional index (PNI) on the mortality risk in patients with CHF and type 2 DM has not yet been studied.

Methods: We enrolled 3,315 patients with CHF and type 2 DM.

Associations between metabolic overweight/obesity phenotypes and mortality risk among patients with chronic heart failure.

Background: Metabolic disorders and overweight or obesity are highly prevalent and intricately linked in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). However, it remains unclear whether there is an interactive effect between these conditions and the prognosis of heart failure, and whether such an interaction is influenced by stratification based on age and sex.

Methods: A total of 4,955 patients with CHF were enrolled in this study.

Dipole Moment Dictates the Preferential Immobilization in Gel Electrolytes for Ah-level Aqueous Zinc-Metal Batteries.

Aqueous Zn-metal batteries are of great interest due to their high material abundance, low production cost, and excellent safety. However, they suffer from severe side reactions and notorious dendrite growth closely related to electrolytes. Here, in situ generated zwitterionic polymers are used as gel electrolytes to overcome these problems.