MSTT: A Multi-Spatio-Temporal Graph Attention Model for Pedestrian Trajectory Prediction.

Accurate prediction of pedestrian movements is vital for autonomous driving, smart transportation, and human-computer interactions. To effectively anticipate pedestrian behavior, it is crucial to consider the potential spatio-temporal interactions among individuals. Traditional modeling approaches often depend on absolute position encoding to discern the positional relationships between pedestrians.

Unraveling the complex relationship between night shift work and diabetes: exploring mechanisms and potential interventions.

It is a topic of increasing concern that the prevalence of night shift work in our 24/7 society is linked to diabetes mellitus. The purpose of this paper is to thoroughly examine existing research on the intricate connection between diabetes and night shift work, with a specific focus on underlying factors including insufficient sleep, disruptions in circadian rhythms, and changes in melatonin levels. Research has shown that the act of working overnight is linked to an increased likelihood of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), despite the fact that the exact reasons for this connection remain unclear.

Optimizing Helical Tomotherapy for Left-Sided Breast Cancer: A Retrospective Dosimetric Study of a Novel Virtual Organ-Arc Block.

IntroductionLeft-sided breast cancer radiotherapy requires precise dose modulation to balance target coverage and organ-at-risk (OAR) sparing. This study evaluates a novel Organ and Arc-based Directional Block (OABD Block) in helical tomotherapy planning to address this challenge.MethodsIn this single-institutional retrospective study, 10 post-mastectomy patients with left-sided breast cancer receiving adjuvant radiotherapy were studied.

Relative Biological Effectiveness Derived from NTCP Analysis of Carbon Ion vs. Photon Radiation Therapy in Locally Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Purpose: To estimate the relative biological effectiveness (RBE) of carbon-ion radiation therapy (CIRT) compared to photon radiation therapy using the equivalent uniform dose corresponding to a 50% complication probability (TD₅₀) values derived from normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) modeling for acute radiation pneumonitis (RP) in patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer.

Methods And Materials: Patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer treated between January 2016 and December 2023 were selected. Propensity score matching was performed to pair patients who received CIRT with those treated with photon radiation therapy.

Discovery of novel butyrylcholinesterase inhibitors for treating Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder among the elderly, and BuChE has emerged as a potential therapeutic target. In this study, we reported the development of compound , a selective reversible BuChE inhibitor (BuChE IC = 0.049 μmol/L, BuChE IC = 0.

Self-Adjusting Engineered Probiotic for Targeted Tumor Colonization and Local Therapeutics Delivery.

Engineered bacteria have demonstrated great potential for treating a broad array of tumors. However, the precision and safety of controlling the performance of engineered bacteria in vivo remains a central challenge. Here, genetic circuit programming strategy is utilized to construct an engineered Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 with accurate targeted colonizing and on-demand payloads releasing ability.

Global trends in chronic kidney disease mortality and disability-adjusted life years attributable to low physical activity (1990-2021): a growing public health challenge.

Background: Low physical activity (LPA) is a major contributor to the global burden of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Our goal was to assess the spatiotemporal trends in the CKD burden attributable to LPA from 1990 to 2021, with a focus on the globe, China, five SDI regions, and four continents.

Methods: We analysed CKD-related deaths, DALYs, the ASMR, the ASDR, and the EAPC attributable to low physical activity (LPA).

Hydrogels with programmed spatiotemporal mechanical cues for stem cell-assisted bone regeneration.

Hydrogels are extensively utilized in stem cell-based tissue regeneration, providing a supportive environment that facilitates cell survival, differentiation, and integration with surrounding tissues. However, designing hydrogels for regenerating hard tissues like bone presents significant challenges. Here, we introduce macroporous hydrogels with spatiotemporally programmed mechanical properties for stem cell-driven bone regeneration.

Changes in shooting accuracy among basketball players under fatigue: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To investigate the influence of physical and mental fatigue of different intensities (mild, moderate or severe) on basketball shooting accuracy, with the aim of informing more effective training protocols and competition strategies.

Methods: Literature searches were conducted on Web of Science, PubMed, and EBSCO databases up to 25 June 2024. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were specified, and data extraction sheets were prepared.

The optimal training intervention for improving the change of direction performance of adolescent team-sport athletes: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Background: Due to the influence of growth, adolescent team-sport athletes have the need to improve their change of direction (COD) performance and reduce the risk of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries during COD. However, the optimal intervention for improving COD performance has not yet been determined.

Objective: To quantitatively assess the effects of diverse training interventions on COD performance.

Study on the application effect of traditional Chinese medicine syndrome differentiation nursing in the rehabilitation of language function in patients with stroke.

This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome differentiation nursing in the rehabilitation of language function in stroke patients. This study compares the effects of TCM syndrome differentiation nursing and conventional rehabilitation nursing by assessing changes in language function using the Boston Diagnostic Aphasia Examination (BDAE) scores and clinical efficacy evaluation. This study is a retrospective study in which we reviewed cases of poststroke rehabilitation from 2020 to 2023.

Causal effects of key air pollutants and meteorology on ischemic stroke onset: A convergent cross-mapping approach.

Background: Evidence suggests that environmental factors may influence the risk of ischemic stroke(IS). Nevertheless, the majority of existing research has concentrated on correlation analysis, with only a limited number of studies employing specific methodologies to investigate the causal dynamics of this relationship with external drivers.

Method: In this study, we employed an approach known as convergent cross-mapping to identify and elucidate the causal effects of significant air pollutants and meteorological factors on the pathogenesis of IS.

Characterisation of cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence and machine learning risk prediction in middle-aged and elderly populations: data from the China health and retirement longitudinal study (CHARLS).

Background: Due to the ageing population and evolving lifestyles occurring in China, middle-aged and elderly populations have become high-risk groups for cardiovascular disease (CVD). The aim of this study was to analyse the incidence characteristics of CVD in these populations and develop a prediction model by using data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS).

Methods: We used follow-up data from the CHARLS to analyse CVD incidence in the Chinese middle-aged and elderly population over a time span of 9 years.

Molecular Engineering of Amino Acid Crystals with Enhanced Piezoelectric Performance for Biodegradable Sensors.

Amino acid crystals have emerged as promising piezoelectric materials for biodegradable and biocompatible sensors; however, their relatively low piezoelectric coefficients constrain practical applications. Here, we introduce a fluoro-substitution strategy to overcome this limitation and enhance the piezoelectric performance of amino acid crystals. Specifically, we substituted hydrogen atoms on the aromatic rings of L-tryptophan, L-phenylalanine, and N-Cbz-L-phenylalanine with fluorine, resulting in significantly elevated piezoelectric coefficients.

The Metabolome Characteristics of Aerobic Endurance Development in Adolescent Male Rowers Using Polarized and Threshold Model: An Original Research.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the molecular response mechanisms of differential blood metabolites before and after 8 weeks of threshold and polarized training models using metabolomics technology combined with changes in athletic performance.

Methods: Twenty-four male rowers aged 14-16 were randomly divided into a THR group and a POL group (12 participants each). The THR group followed a threshold training model (72%, 24%, and 4% of training time in low-, moderate-, and high-intensity zones, respectively), while the POL group followed a polarized training model (78%, 8%, and 14% training-intensity distribution).

Bone matching versus tumor matching in image-guided carbon ion radiotherapy for locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer.

Background And Purpose: This study evaluates the dosimetric impact of tumor matching (TM) and bone matching (BM) in carbon ion radiotherapy for locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer.

Materials And Methods: Forty patients diagnosed with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer were included in this study. TM and BM techniques were employed for recalculation based on re-evaluation computed tomography (CT) images of the patients, resulting in the generation of dose distributions: Plan-T and Plan-B, respectively.

Associations between co-exposure to multiple heavy metals and age-related macular degeneration: A cross-sectional study.

Background & Aims: Accumulating evidence suggests that exposure to single heavy metal can facilitate the progression of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). However, the effects of exposure to mixtures of heavy metals on AMD remain largely unexplored. This study aims to investigate both the joint and individual impacts of arsenic (As), mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd), and lead (Pb) on AMD within a co-exposure framework.

Short-term ozone exposure on stroke mortality and mitigation by greenness in rural and urban areas of Shandong Province, China.

Background: Short-term exposure to ozone (O) has been associated with higher stroke mortality, but it is unclear whether this association differs between urban and rural areas. The study aimed to compare the association between short-term exposure to O and ischaemic and haemorrhagic stroke mortality across rural and urban areas and further investigate the potential impacts of modifiers, such as greenness, on this association.

Methods: A multi-county time-series analysis was carried out in 19 counties of Shandong Province from 2013 to 2019.

Fatty acid metabolism-related enzymes in colorectal cancer metastasis: from biological function to molecular mechanism.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a highly aggressive and life-threatening malignancy that metastasizes in ~50% of patients, posing significant challenges to patient survival and treatment. Fatty acid (FA) metabolism regulates proliferation, immune escape, metastasis, angiogenesis, and drug resistance in CRC. FA metabolism consists of three pathways: de novo synthesis, uptake, and FA oxidation (FAO).

Breaking the boundaries of wound closure: A novel polyurethane tissue adhesive with enhanced healing properties.

Over the past few decades, there have been advancements in the development of high-performance tissue adhesives as alternatives to traditional sutures and staples for rapid and effective wound closure post-surgery. While tissue adhesives offer advantages such as ease of use, short application time, and minimal tissue damage, they also face challenges related to biocompatibility, biodegradability, and adhesive strength. In this study, L-lysine diisocyanate (LDI) and trimethylolpropane (TMP) were utilized as the primary raw materials to produce a prepolymer terminated with NCO, resulting in the development of a new biocompatible polyurethane tissue adhesive (TMP-LDI).

Identification of extracellular matrix-related biomarkers in colon adenocarcinoma by bioinformatics and experimental validation.

Backgrounds: Extracellular matrix (ECM) is an important component of tumor microenvironment, and its abnormal expression promotes tumor formation, progression and metastasis.

Methods: Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was used to identify ECM-related hub genes based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) data. COAD clinical samples were used to verify the expression of potential biomarkers in tumor tissues, and siRNA was used to explore the role of potential biomarkers in cell proliferation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT).

[Inhibitory effect of paeoniflorin on CAL27 cells of tongue squamous cell carcinoma and its mechanism].

Purpose: To investigate the inhibitory effect of paeoniflorin(PF) with different concentrations on CAL27 cells of tongue squamous cell carcinoma in vitro and its possible mechanism.

Methods: CCK-8 technique and clone formation trial were used to detect the effect of PF on the proliferation and clone formation of CAL27 cells. Scratch test and Transwell method was used to detect the effects of PF on migration and invasion of CAL27 cells.

Comparative efficacy of concurrent training types on lower limb strength and muscular hypertrophy: A systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Objective: This study aims to compare, through quantitative analysis, the effectiveness of different endurance training types on increasing lower limb strength and muscle cross-sectional area (MCSA) in concurrent training.

Methods: This systematic literature search was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) [PROSPERO ID: CRD42023396886]. Web of Science, SportDiscuss, Pubmed, Cochrane, and Scopus were systematically searched from their inception date to October 20, 2023.

Efficacy of Different Exercises on Mild to Moderate Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Purpose: The aims of this study are to evaluate the effectiveness of different exercise interventions on patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis and to provide evidence-based exercise prescriptions for this population.

Methods: The PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CNKI, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), VIP, and Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform were searched until January 2023. The data were pooled and a meta-analysis was conducted.